Abstract: A distribution apparatus for distributing content data items via multicast includes a transmitting and receiving unit and an error correction encoding unit. The transmitting and receiving unit receives reception status information regarding a reception status of the content data items in a receiving apparatus that receives the content data items. The error correction encoding unit generates recovery data used by the receiving apparatus to recover a content data item that is not successfully received among the content data items on the basis of reception status information received from the receiving apparatus that receives the content data items distributed via multicast. Subsequently, the transmitting and receiving unit distributes the generated recovery data together with the content data items via multicast.

Abstract: A wireless device includes a functional unit, a wireless transceiver, an antenna and a clock. The wireless transceiver and antenna are coupled to the functional unit. The clock is coupled to the functional unit and the wireless transceiver. The clock is generates a clock signal. The wireless device is coupled wirelessly to a wireless slave device. The functional unit is configured to determine an amount of time since a last keep alive transmission with the slave device has occurred based on the clock. The functional unit determines a number of keep alive transmissions to transmit to the slave device, and appropriate transmission times for the keep alive transmissions relative to a next scheduled keep alive transmission time, based on the determined amount of time since the last keep alive transmission. The functional unit begins successive transmission of the keep alive transmissions to the slave device per the transmission times.

Abstract: This disclosure provides apparatus, methods and systems for error correction in multi processor systems. Some implementations include a plurality of computing modules, each computing module including a processor. Each processor may include processing state. In some other implementations, each computing module may also include a memory. Upon receiving a signal to perform a partial re-synchronization, a hash of each processor's state data may be performed. In some embodiments, a hash of at least a portion of each computing module's memory data may also be performed. The hashes for each processor are then compared to determine majority hashes and possible minority hashes. Upon identifying a minority hash, the computing module that produced the minority hash may receive new processing state data from one of the computing modules that produced a majority hash.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for self-monitoring to identify an occurrence of a threshold and rebooting in response to the occurrence of the threshold is provided. In an embodiment, a data processing apparatus comprises one or more processors; logic coupled to the one or more processors and comprising one or more stored sequences of instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to obtain a threshold associated with the apparatus; self-monitor the apparatus to identify an occurrence of the threshold; and self-reboot the apparatus responsive to the occurrence of the threshold.

Abstract: A method for correcting at least one error in a facsimile transmission over a packet switched communications network includes the steps of: detecting, by a first gateway coupled to the communications network, at least one missing data packet in a sequence of data packets transmitted from a second gateway coupled to the communications network during the facsimile transmission; transmitting, from the first gateway, a request for retransmission of the missing data packet to the second gateway; determining whether the missing data packet is available for retransmission; and, when the missing data packet is available, retransmitting the missing data packet to the first gateway.

Abstract: A method and system for recovery of a computing environment includes monitoring during a pre-boot phase and a runtime phase of a computing device for selection of a hot key sequence by a user and performing a recovery action in response to the selection of the hot key sequence by the user. The recovery action may be any one of a number of predetermined and/or selectable actions such as restoring system defaults, migrating memory, displaying a menu of options, setting various software flags, restarting or rebooting the computing device, and/or the like.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for of storing data comprising monitoring a plurality of storage units within a mass storage area and detecting when a storage unit within the mass storage area is overloaded. The method further comprising randomly distributing the data on the overloaded storage unit to the other storage units within the mass storage area.

Abstract: Storage servers use a fast, non-volatile or persistent memory to store data until it can be written to slower mass storage devices such as disk drives. If the server crashes before a write can complete, the data remains safely stored in non-volatile memory. If the data cannot be committed to disk when the server reboots (e.g. because the destination mass storage device is unavailable), it is stored in a file. When the disk reappears, the data in the file may be used to restore a file or filesystem on the disk to a consistent state.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transfer of data including establishing two separate connections, the two separate connections including a high speed connection and a high integrity connection. Blocks of data are exchanged over the high speed connection while the high integrity connection facilitates communication of descriptor data regarding data received over the high speed connection. As such, the data transfer speed of the high speed connection is utilized while communication via the high integrity connection allows for data reliability features not provided by the high speed connection.

Abstract: A pool is replicated in the unit of volume providing the pool, and when a physical device is blocked, any volume blocked in the pool is changed to the replicated volume so that the pool and a virtual volume can be recovered. With such a configuration, when any pool or virtual volume is blocked due to blockage of any volume providing the thin provisioning function, volume recovery can be swiftly performed without changing the virtual volume used by a host computer, and consumption of storage resources needed therefor can be suppressed.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, an intelligent communications device is disclosed. In one embodiment, an apparatus for managing a network connection of the intelligent communications device is disclosed. The apparatus includes a communication module for monitoring the network connection through a first port that is independent of a network port. The first port is associated with a computer-executable application that is operative to detect failure of the network connection. The apparatus further includes a detection module for detecting a failure of the network connection at the network port and, in response to the failure, causing the intelligent communications device to reconnect to the network. The apparatus also includes a power supply module for iteratively power-cycling operation of the intelligent communications device in response to a failed network connection.

Abstract: An embodiment of a data-read path includes a defect detector and a data-recovery circuit. The defect detector is operable to identify a defective region of a data-storage medium, and the data-recovery circuit is operable to recover data from the data-storage medium in response to the defect detector. For example, such an embodiment may allow identifying a defective region of a data-storage disk caused, e.g., by a scratch or contamination, and may allow recovering data that was written to the defective region.

Abstract: Various embodiments for disaster recovery (DR) replication throttling in a computing environment by a processor device are provided. Communication is arrested between a source data entity and a replicated data entity at a location declared in a DR mode. The DR mode is negotiated to a central replication management component as a DR mode entry event. The DR mode entry event is distributed, by the central replication management component, to each member in a shared group. The DR mode is enforced using at least one replication policy.

Abstract: Wired and wireless communication networks can be subject to burst interference resulting in loss of throughput and data corruption. In a communication system comprising a transmitting network device and a receiving network device, the transmitting network device can be configured to implement balanced bit loading for retransmitting packets of a failed packet transmission. On receiving a request for retransmission from the receiving network device, the transmitting network device can identify and eliminate sub-carriers that are associated with a bit load that is less than a predefined bit load threshold. The transmitting network device can attempt to reallocate bit loads of the eliminated sub-carriers to remaining sub-carriers across two or more constituent symbols per original symbol.

Abstract: A processor core includes one or more cache memories and a repair unit. The repair unit may repair locations in the cache memories identified as having errors during an initialization sequence. The repair unit may further cause information corresponding to the repair locations to be stored within one or more storages. In response to initiation of a power-down state of a given processor core, the given processor core may execute microcode instructions that cause the information from the one or more storages to be saved to a memory unit. During a recovery of the given processor core from the power-down state, the processor core may execute additional microcode instructions that cause the information to be retrieved from the memory unit, and saved to the one or more storages. The repair unit may restore repairs to the locations in the cache memories using the information.

Abstract: A method is provided for efficiently recovering information in a distributed storage system where a list of values that should be stored on a storage device is maintained. A first convergence round is scheduled to be performed on the list of values to bring each value to an At Maximum Redundancy (AMR) state. A second convergence round is scheduled to be performed on the list by selecting a wait time interval from a predefined range of wait time intervals between starts of convergence rounds.

Abstract: A compressed replay buffer in a first electronic unit of an electronic system holds commands in a table. As commands are transmitted from the first electronic unit to a second electronic unit, the command, along with associated data, command type, and the like are stored in a row in the table. No rows in the table contain “dead cycles” to indicate that no command was sent on a particular cycle on a bus over which the commands were transmitted. The second electronic unit may request that the first electronic unit replay some number of commands. In response, the first electronic unit uses commands in the compressed replay buffer, along with required timings stored on the first electronic unit, to replay the number of commands requested.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to protect segments of memory are disclosed herein. An example method includes intercepting an interrupt request indicating an error; determining whether a first segment of memory is corrupt, the first segment of memory being designated as a protected region of memory; when the protected region of memory is corrupt, repairing the corrupted region of memory using a parity block of code; and in response to validating the protected region of memory, generating an interrupt enabling a utilization of code stored in the protected region of memory to handle the error associated with the interrupt request.

Abstract: A method including receiving a request from another device to provide television content; sending a response that includes the television content; storing state information associated with the television content, wherein the state information includes an identifier of the other device and an identifier of the television content provided; detecting when an error occurs between the device and the other device; and resending a last television content that was successfully received by the other device before the error occurred.

Abstract: A network management system includes a management apparatus and a managed apparatus which is managed by the management apparatus via a network. The managed apparatus transmits trap information provided with a sequence number to the management apparatus and stores the trap information in a first storage unit. The management apparatus stores the received trap information in a second storage unit, and creates information indicating a missing sequence number and a sequence number of a last trap information received from the managed apparatus, and transmits the information to the corresponding managed apparatus. The managed apparatus determines whether trap information is to be retransmitted is present based on the trap information stored in the first storage unit and the information received from the management apparatus, and retransmits the trap information, based on the determination.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a computer system comprising a server and a client and a method for operating a remote procedure call handler in the client and the server. The Method for operating a remote procedure call handler in the client according to the invention comprises the following steps: a) sending a collected call message comprising a number of call messages to the server, b) receiving an error message indicating a successful or erroneous transmission of the call messages comprised by the collected call message, wherein the error message indicates an erroneous transmission of at least one call message, wherein said at least one erroneous transmitted call message is retransmitted by the step of c) sending a further collected call message comprising said erroneous transmitted call message as well as a plurality of further call messages.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus includes: a receiver to receive one of an error correction packet and a data packet, the error correction packet for recovering the data packet through error correction, and the data packet having protective coverage information written thereon, the protective coverage information identifying a protective coverage on the data packet recoverable through an error correction of the error correction packet; an updater to update the protective coverage information in accordance with an order of reception of the data packets received by the receiver unit; a generator to generate an error correction packet of the data packet identified by new protective coverage information updated by the updater unit; and a transmitter to transmit the data packet having the protective coverage information updated by the updater unit, and the error correction packet generated by the generator unit.

Abstract: In a method for adjusting modulation on a network, a modulation profile of a network node on the network is set a specified density. A plurality of messages that are received at the network node are monitored on an ongoing basis. The modulation profile of the network node is updated continually based on the monitored messages. A determination is made that a predetermined class of messages is received incorrectly at the network node. The network node is disconnected from the network based on the incorrectly received predetermined class of messages and is reconnected to the network to initiate the network node on the network.

Abstract: A method, computer program product, and system determining the cause of serialization failures is described. A method may comprise, if a first object that has been serialized with all references to member fields by the first object removed passes deserialization, restoring, via at least one of a client electronic device and a server computer, a first reference to a first member field by the first object. The method may further comprise serializing, via at least one of the client electronic device and the server computer, the first object with the restored first reference to the first member field. The method may also comprise, if the serialized first object with the restored first reference to the first member field fails deserialization, determining, via at least one of the client electronic device and the server computer, that the first reference to the first member field by the first object causes the failure.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method for communicating data is provided. The method includes, defining a data transmission unit (DTU) to be sent in an xDSL data stream, defining a retransmit container as a time slot that corresponds to the DTU, maintaining a copy of the DTU and an index corresponding to the retransmit container in a retransmission buffer, transmitting the DTU in the xDSL data stream, determining whether the DTU should be retransmitted, and if the DTU should be retransmitted: identifying the DTU by the retransmit container and retransmitting a copy of the DTU as identified by the retransmit container before the DTU leaves the retransmission buffer.

Abstract: A system having a transmission unit transmitting an output data signal formed from output data and related error detection code and a corresponding receiving unit. The output data signal is pre-emphasized by a pre-emphasis driver in the transmission unit. The receiving unit includes an equalizer equalizing the received output data signal and an error detector analyzing the error detection code to determine whether a bit error is present in the received data. Upon successive data transmission failures either an equalization coefficient in the equalizer or a pre-emphasis coefficient in the pre-emphasis driver are changed.

Abstract: A data transfer device, including a packet receiving unit to receive packets in a block including a data packet and an error-correction packet; a packet-loss detection unit to detect a packet loss from a head of a block received by the packet receiving unit of a received packet; a packet transfer unit to transfer the packet received from the packet receiving unit with a delay of a predetermined time; and a retransmission-request transmission unit to transmit a retransmission request to a packet-transmission source device based on the packet loss detected by the packet-loss detection unit and a determined retransmission time to retransmit the packet.

Abstract: A method of storing and retrieving digital files from a storage system comprising requesting one or more files through a server which compares the timestamp of each file to the present time to determine an elapsed time for each file. The server then requests a storage system for each file having an elapsed time less than or equal to a pre-determined time limit using an internal-retry request and requests from the storage system each file having an elapsed time greater than a pre-determined time limit using a fail-fast request.

Abstract: A file storage system that uses a server to communicate between a client and a storage system. The server receives a file storage request pertaining to a file, generates and stores a file record for the request and forwards the request to a file storage system. The server performs either an internal retry or forwards a no-file response from the storage system to the client computer in response to receiving a no-file file status from the storage system depending on an amount of elapsed time from the time the server initially receives the file storage request.

Abstract: A method for transmitting information of ACK/NACK (Acknowledgement/Negative ACK) sequence from a receiver in a wireless communication system is disclosed. A receiver receives a plurality of data from a transmitter, and determines one ACK/NACK sequence including ACKs/NACKs corresponding to each of the plurality of data. If two or more ACKs are included in the ACK/NACK sequence, the receiver selects a combination of a first HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest) transmission resource and a first modulation symbol corresponding to a certain ACK of the two or more ACKs, and selects a combination of a second HARQ transmission resource and a second modulation symbol corresponding to ACKs other than the certain ACK of the two or more ACKs. Thus, the receiver transmits each of the first modulation symbol and the second modulation symbol to the transmitter using the first HARQ transmission resource and the second HARQ transmission resource, respectively.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided where when an online parameter change is requested a data transfer unit is stopped, a parameter change is communicated and the data transfer unit is started with changed parameters to generate new data transfer units.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for wireless communication are provided in which VoIP traffic is scheduled in a way that focuses on controlling user latencies, by reshaping packet latency profiles of individual users to more efficiently utilize power/code resources. A feedback mechanism may utilize certain latency controllers to adjust a queuing delay and an over-the-air transmit time to meet latency targets. That is, system resources may be allocated in a wireless network by adjusting a latency target for a packet responsive to a user's packet latency history.

Abstract: A method includes simultaneously receiving a first communication using a first radio access technology and a second communication using a second radio access technology, and using only the first radio access technology, transmitting first feedback information for the first communication and second feedback information for the second communication to a network device that performed the first communication. A method includes, using a first radio access technology, receiving first feedback information for a first communication that used the first radio access technology and second feedback information for a second communication that used a second radio access technology. The method also includes, using the first feedback information in association with a subsequent communication using the first radio access technology, and communicating the second feedback information to a network entity that performed the second communication. Program products and apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: Impulse noise from nearby or intense electrical sources can disrupt communications over digital subscriber lines. There are many methods to deal with errors produced by impulse noise sources. Forward error correction (FEC) codes such as Reed Solomon coding along with scrambling and interleaving are used to correct small errors. However, for larger errors, retransmission is favored. Retransmission can be applied at the Discrete Multi-tone symbol level thus eliminating the need to insert sequence identification into data transmission units, furthermore retransmission can also be employed to exploit the error correcting capabilities of the FEC codes. Finally, an impulse noise protection system can exploit impulse noise statistics to configure the redundancy in the FEC codes and to enable the use of blanking. Exemplary embodiments of systems described can cooperatively use impulse noise statistics to utilize retransmission, FEC and blanking to mitigate the effects of impulse noise.

Abstract: A root cause for a failed attempted delivery of a message is attempted to be determined before sending a non-delivery report (NDR) for the failed message. When a message fails without a known cause, the root cause is determined using the context of the message. For a given context, the root cause may be determined by a single failure or it may be determined by the relative number of failed messages of same context. While determining the root cause of the problem, any messages failing delivery are deferred from being delivered, as is generation of the corresponding NDR(s), to allow time for corrective action to occur. If the problem is resolved within a predetermined time period, the deferred messages are delivered without having to issue NDR(s).

Abstract: Link adaptive retransmission techniques are provided for use in connection with wireless communications between a first wireless communication device and a second wireless communication device. The first wireless communication device generates M packet error information values for the transmit session of a packet based on whether an acknowledgment message or a non-acknowledgment message is received from the second wireless communication device for a transmission and for previously sent transmissions even if less than M transmissions are sent by the first wireless communication device to the second wireless communication device upon completion of the transmit session. The first wireless communication device computes a retransmission fading margin based on the M packet error information values, from which an effective carrier-to-interference-plus-noise ratio is derived for selection of a modulation scheme.

Abstract: An approach is provided for efficient retransmissions by allocating a transmission resource for transmitting data and allocating a retransmission resource for retransmitting the data according to a transmission scheme that specifies relationship between the transmitted data and the retransmitted data for providing communication over a radio network.

Abstract: A method for activating a semi-persistent scheduled (SPS) resource using a user agent (UA) is presented. A downlink (DL) communication may be received by a UA using a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). The DL communication may include a control message. When the control message is associated with an SPS Cell-Radio Network Terminal Identifier (C-RNTI) of the UA, the method may include retrieving a value of a New Data Indicator (NDI) field. When the value of the NDI field is equal to 0, the method may include inspecting the control message to determine whether the control message indicates an SPS activation. When the control message indicates an SPS activation, the method may include activating an SPS resource identified by the control message.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for channel coding and modulation mapping in HARQ of the LDPC code, comprising: performing structural LDPC encoding of an information bit sequence with a length of K input by a channel encoder, and sending a generated codeword to a HARQ buffer; rearranging codeword bits of a LDPC HARQ mother code in the HARQ buffer, and sequentially selecting codeword bits to generate a binary sequence of a HARQ packet; mapping codeword bits of the HARQ packet to a constellation, and high-order bits in encoding blocks of the HARQ packet being mapped to high reliability bits in the constellation. The present invention provides the LDPC codeword with the maximal constellation gain, so that the LDPC HARQ channel encoding has the optimal performance.

Abstract: A receiver and method for HARQ combining of a received codeword in a receiver with a FEC decoder, the method including computing Log Likelihood Ratios (LLRs) of demodulated soft symbols of the received codeword and outputting the LLRs as a-priori soft bits; performing iterative decoding of the a-priori soft bits in a Forward Error Correction (FEC) decoder; outputting a posteriori soft bits of the a priori soft bits of the received codeword from the FEC decoder; and HARQ combining the a posteriori soft bits with a retransmission of the received codeword.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a system and a method for optimizing redundancy restoration in distributed data layout environments. The system may include a plurality of storage devices configured for providing data storage. The system may include a prioritization module communicatively coupled to the plurality of storage devices. The prioritization module may be configured for determining a restoration order of at least a first data portion and a second data portion when a critical data failure occurs. The system may include a restoration module communicatively coupled to the plurality of storage devices and the prioritization module, the restoration module configured for restoring at least the first data portion and the second data portion based upon the restoration order.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for triggering retransmission in a multicast system, comprising steps of: a base station eNB setting a retransmission condition based on a channel state indication and transmitting the set retransmission condition to a user equipment UE; and the UE comparing the current channel state indication of the UE with the received retransmission condition when receiving an error block, and feeding back a NACK signaling to the eNB trigger a retransmission when the retransmission condition is satisfied. The method according to the present invention is to restrict the trigger of the NACK signaling, by setting the condition of the UE feeding back the NACK signaling when the UE received the error block. Then the feedback signaling on the uplink channel would be restricted, and the retransmission probability would be limited in an appropriate region as in Rel 6 HSDPA, therefore the optimal ratio of efficiency over power would be achieved.

Abstract: A method performed by a domain name service client includes storing DNS entries in a local cache; sending a DNS query to another device to obtain an update to one of the DNS entries; determining whether a DNS response is received; and resetting a time-to-live (TTL) timer associated with the one of the DNS entries when the DNS response is not received.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to a method and system for draining or aborting IO requests of a failed system prior to restarting or recovering an application in virtual environments. The method includes detecting, within an electronic system, an application error condition of an application executing on a virtual machine and determining an application restart target. The method further includes sending an input/output (IO) request drain command to a virtual IO server operable to provide storage to the virtual machine and receiving a signal that the IO requests have been drained. The drain command is operable to drain IO requests issued from the application. The application can then be restarted or recovered.

Abstract: A method for reducing the connect time for server access by wireless devices connecting to the server via a gateway is described. A connection from the wireless device to the gateway is established and a request for information on the server is received from the wireless device and transmitted to the server. A determination is made that a response from the server is not forthcoming and a busy indicator response is transmitted to the wireless device. The connection between the wireless device and the gateway is terminated and the request to the server is retransmitted. In another embodiment, a response is received from the server and a determination is made that the received server response is not the requested information and a response is transmitted to the wireless device. The connection between the wireless device and the gateway is terminated and the request to the server is retransmitted.

Abstract: An approach is provided for coordinating the acquisition of items. Acquisition information for a plurality of items is received. Transmission of the acquisition information is caused, at least in part, to a plurality of devices. Status information related to acquiring at least a portion of the items is received from at least one of the devices. Transmission of the status information to at least another one of the devices is caused, at least in part.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for performing majority vote error correction techniques. In operation, a communication device comprising a control unit implements the majority vote error correction techniques. The control unit includes a link management module to request a first retransmission of a first communication received over a wireless communication medium in response to detecting a first uncorrectable error in the first communication, requests a second retransmission of the first communication in response to detecting a second uncorrectable error in a second communication received in response to the first retransmission request and receives a third communication in response to the second retransmission. The control unit also includes a majority vote module to, in response to detecting a third uncorrectable error in the third communication, perform a bit-wise majority vote on corresponding bits of the first, second and third communications to generate an error-corrected communication.

Abstract: A wireless communications device for IP address negotiations is provided and comprises a wireless module, a connection device, and a processing unit. The wireless module provides wireless communications from and to a service network. The connection device is coupled to the terminal device. The processing unit is coupled to the connection device and the wireless module, receiving an IP address request message from the terminal device via the connection device, and requests an IP address and a DNS address from the service network via the wireless module in response to an IP address request message from the terminal device. Also, the processing unit determines whether allocated IP address and DNS address have been received from the service network, and sends a rejection message to the terminal device to trigger the terminal device to resend the IP address request message in response to determining that the allocated IP address and DNS address have not been received from the service network.

Abstract: Optimizations for data transmission may be provided. A portion of a data block may be read into a batch by a read thread on a first server. The batch may be passed to a transmission thread. The transmission thread may then transmit the first batch to a second server while the read thread asynchronously reads a second portion of the data block into another batch.

Abstract: A method for mapping a physical hybrid automatic repeat request indicator channel (PHICH) is described. The method for mapping a PHICH includes determining an index of a resource element group transmitting a repetitive pattern of the PHICH, according to a ratio of the number of available resource element groups in a symbol in which the PHICH is transmitted and the number of available resource element groups in a first or second OFDM symbol, and mapping the PHICH to the symbol according to the determined index. In transmitting the PHICH, since efficient mapping is performed considering available resource elements varying with OFDM symbols, repetition of the PHICH does not generate interference between neighbor cell IDs and performance is improved.