Abstract: An antiretlective biomimetic hierarchical structure, a composite antiretlective hierarchical structure, and an antiretlective surface including a pattern of antiretlective biomimetic hierarchical structures are provided. The antiretlective hierarchical structures include one or more clusters of primary structures and a plurality of secondary structures formed on each of the primary structures. The primary structures have dimensions in the micrometer range with a major dimension of approximately two micrometers. Each of the secondary structures has dimensions in the nanometer range wherein the pitch and height are approximately three hundred nanometers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a membrane sensor having a multi-hole film attached thereto and a method for measuring immunological reactions or enzymatic reactions using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a membrane sensor in which a multi-hole film is joined to the top of a membrane on which receptors are immobilized, and a method for measuring immunological reactions or enzymatic reactions using the same. The present invention makes it possible to adjust the sensitivity of membrane biosensors by adjusting the hole size in the multi-hole film and so makes it possible to measure analytes with a high degree of sensitivity using just a small amount of sample, and makes it possible to simultaneously measure diverse types of analyte by attaching various types of receptor on the membrane sensor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to compositions and methods for intracellular delivery of a contrast agent with a functionalized nanoparticle.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to nanostructures and compositions comprising nanostructures, methods of making and using the nanostructures, and related systems. In some embodiments, a nanostructure comprises a first region and a second region, wherein a first photocatalytic reaction (e.g., an oxidation reaction) can be carried out at the first region and a second photocatalytic reaction (e.g., a reduction reaction) can be carried out at the second region. In some cases, the first photocatalytic reaction is the formation of oxygen gas from water and the second photocatalytic reaction is the formation of hydrogen gas from water. In some embodiments, a nanostructure comprises at least one semiconductor material, and, in some cases, at least one catalytic material and/or at least one photosensitizing agent.

Abstract: A lighting assembly includes a light guide having a first major surface, a second major surface opposite the first major surface, a light input edge, and an end edge distal the light input edge. Light input to the light guide through the light input edge propagates by total internal reflection toward the end edge. The lighting assembly further includes light extracting elements at least one of the major surfaces of the light guide, the light extracting elements configured to extract light through the first major surface in a direction away from the light input edge and away from the first major surface, and a banding reduction element at the end edge configured to redirect light incident thereon in a direction away from the light input edge.

Abstract: The invention provides core-shell hybrid latexes wherein the core comprises poly(acrylate)polymers and the shell comprises vegetable oil-based waterborne polyurethanes, and the latexes lack surfactants. Surfactant-free core-shell hybrid latexes with waterborne vegetable oil-based polyurethanes as the shell and poly(acrylate) as the core have been successfully prepared by seeded emulsion polymerization. The crosslink densities of the polymers obtained can be controlled by using modified vegetable oil polyols with various hydroxyl numbers or by adding a multifunctional vinyl crosslinker to the poly(acrylate) core.

Abstract: The present invention describes methods for the production and selecting of single chain (single-stranded) fluorescence resonance energy transfer (“FRET”) DNA or RNA aptamers containing fluorophores (F) and quenchers (Q) at various loci within their structures, such that when its specific matching analyte is bound and the FRET-aptamers are excited by specific wavelengths of light, the fluorescence intensity of the system is modulated (increased or decreased) in proportion to the amount of analyte added. F and Q are covalently linked to nucleotide triphosphates (NTPs), which are incorporated by various nucleic acid polymerases such as Taq polymerase during the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then selected by affinity chromatographic, size-exclusion or molecular sieving, and fluorescence techniques. Further separation of related FRET-aptamers can be achieved by ion-pair reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or other types of chromatography.

Abstract: Generally, aspects of the present disclosure are directed to conjugate systems, self-illuminating quantum dot conjugates, methods of detecting a target in a host, methods of treating a disease in a host, and the like.

Abstract: Optical beam modulation is accomplished with the aid of a semiconductive nanomembrane, such as a silicon nanomembrane. A photocathode modulates a beam of charged particles that flow between the carbon nanotube emitter and the anode. A light source, or other source of electromagnetic radiation, supplies electromagnetic radiation that modulates the beam of charged particles. The beam of charged particles may be electrons, ions, or other charged particles. The electromagnetic radiation penetrates a silicon dioxide layer to reach the nanomembrane and varies the amount of available charge carriers within the nanomembrane, thereby changing the resistance of the nanomembrane. As the resistance of the nanomembrane changes, the amount of current flowing through the beam may also change.

Abstract: An ultrasensitive method for detecting non-aromatic non-planar nitroamine analytes in a sample is provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a low-phosphorus whey, the method including subjecting a raw whey liquid to a demineralization treatment using a nanofiltration method to obtain a low-chloride whey liquid in which the chloride content has been reduced to not more than 30 mmol per 100 g of solids, and passing the low-chloride whey liquid through an ion exchange resin to obtain an ion-exchanged whey liquid having a reduced phosphorus content, wherein the ion exchange resin is composed of an anion exchange resin, and at least an anion exchange resin in chloride form is used as the anion exchange resin. The method of manufacturing a low-phosphorus whey can reduce the phosphorus content within the whey while suppressing reduction in the calcium and magnesium content.

Abstract: Reverse osmosis membranes made by interfacial polymerization of a monomer in a nonpolar (e.g. organic) phase together with a monomer in a polar (e.g. aqueous) phase on a porous support membrane. Interfacial polymerization process is disclosed for preparing a highly permeable RO membrane, comprising: contacting on a porous support membrane, a) a first solution containing 1,3-diaminobenzene, and b) a second solution containing trimesoyl chloride, wherein at least one of solutions a) and b) contains nanoparticles when said solutions are first contacted, and recovering a highly permeable RO membrane.

Abstract: A method of recovering oil from a subterranean formation which includes an association production well involves contacting oil in the formation with a treatment fluid formulation which includes polyvinylalcohol and collecting oil which is being contacted with said treatment fluid formulation by said production well. Use of the polyvinylalcohol, optionally in combination with other materials, facilitates recovery of oil from subterranean formation, particularly those involving medium or high viscosity oils.

Abstract: A nanoimprint-mold release agent including an alkoxysilane compound represented by general formula (1) is provided wherein Rf and Rf? are each independently a fluoroalkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R1 is a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic monovalent hydrocarbon group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R2 and R3 are each independently methyl group or ethyl group; X and Y are each independently an ether linkage or an ester linkage; a and b are each 0 or 1; m, n, and p are each an integer of 0 to 6; q is an integer of 1 to 6 and r is an integer of 0 to 2.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for methods, systems, and structures that include patterns formed by optical lithography. In some example methods, a photoresist layer is applied to a substrate, and a graphene layer can be applied to the photoresist layer. Light can be applied through a mask to the graphene layer, where the mask includes a pattern. The light can form the pattern on the graphene layer such that the pattern forms on the photoresist layer.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a reverse osmosis membrane is described. The method includes aligning a plurality of carbon nanotubes at the interface of two liquids, the first liquid being an aqueous layer, and the second layer being an organic layer that is immiscible to the aqueous layer, forming a thin layer selective membrane around the aligned carbon nanotubes at the interface of the two liquids, and bonding the thin layer selective membrane/carbon nanotube composite onto a structural support layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive, curable coating made from about 0.01 wt. % to about 5 wt. %, of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, having a diameter of greater than about 4 nm, about 10 wt. % to about 99 wt. % of an aliphatic urethane acrylate and about 0.1 wt. % to about 15 wt. % of a photoinitiator, wherein the coating is curable by exposure to radiation and wherein the cured coating has a surface resistivity of about 102?/? to about 1010?/?. A process for the production of such coatings is also provided. There are many applications where carbon nanotubes in a radiation curable coating may enhance properties other than conductivity, such as physical and thermal properties.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods and/or uses of oligonucleotide conjugates for assays and flow cytometry detections and related systems and/or kits. Certain methods are directed to a method for detecting one or more biological targets of a sample in a detection assay, comprising: providing a molecular probe, comprising a binding moiety and an oligonucleotide sequence, to a sample comprising one or more biological targets; binding the one or more biological targets with the binding moiety; providing a detectable component to the sample, wherein the detectable component comprises a signal generating moiety conjugated to an oligonucleotide sequence complementary to the oligonucleotide sequence of the molecular probe; hydridizing the oligonucleotide sequence of the target-bound molecular probe to the detectable component; and detecting a signal generated from the hydridized detectable component. Various other embodiments, applications etc. are disclosed herein.

Abstract: Provided is a carbon nanotube composite structural body including, on a base material, a plurality of carbon nanotube columnar structural bodies, the carbon nanotube composite structural body having an extremely high adhesion strength between the base material and the carbon nanotube columnar structural bodies. Also provided is a pressure-sensitive adhesive member including such carbon nanotube composite structural body. The carbon nanotube composite structural body of the present invention is a carbon nanotube composite structural body, including, on a base material, a plurality of carbon nanotube columnar structural bodies, in which: the carbon nanotube composite structural body further includes an intermediate layer between the base material and the carbon nanotube columnar structural bodies; the intermediate layer has a thickness of 1.

Abstract: Methods for using nanowire sensors are described. In one embodiment, the nanowire sensor may be field effect transistor having a nanowire and a functionalized control electrode. One method of using such a nanowire sensor includes exposing the functionalized control electrode to a test sample and an enhancing reagent. In another embodiment, the nanowire sensor may be a field effect transistor having a gate electrode and a functionalized nanowire. One method of using such a nanowire sensor includes exposing the functionalized nanowire to a test sample and an enhancing reagent. The use of an enhancing reagent increases the sensitivity of the nanowire sensor to a substance to be detected or quantified.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the production of lower olefins by the conversion of a feed stream comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and catalysts as used therein, such as a Fischer-Tropsch process. By virtue of the invention, lower olefins can be formed from synthesis gas, with high selectivity, and low production of methane. The catalysts used herein comprise an ?-alumina support, and a catalytically active component that comprises iron-containing particles dispersed onto the support in at least 1 wt. %. The majority of the iron-containing particles is in direct contact with the ?-alumina and is well-distributed thereon. Preferably, the iron-containing particles have an average particle size below 30 nm, and most preferably below 10 nm. The supported catalysts not only show a high selectivity, but also a high catalyst activity and chemical and mechanical stability.

Abstract: A catalytic membrane reactor assembly for producing a hydrogen stream from a feed stream having liquid hydrocarbons, steam, and an oxygen source through the use of an autothermal reforming reaction, a water-gas-shift reaction, and a hydrogen permeable membrane.

Abstract: Provided is a method for quantitatively detecting biomolecules with high sensitivity for a short time by using nanoparticles and a metal deposition method in an immuno-detection using a well-type plastic substrate.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process to prepare an ethanol-derivate compound or compounds by reacting ethanol in the presence of molecular oxygen and a catalyst comprising a gamma-alumina carrier, metal nano-particles wherein the metal is selected from silver, copper or gold. The invention is also directed to processes to prepare such a catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to particulate UV protection agents which are obtainable by hydrothermal treatment of a particulate metal oxide and subsequent application of a manganese oxide coating, and to the preparation and use thereof. The present invention furthermore relates to novel compositions, in particular for topical application, which are intended, in particular, for light protection of the skin and/or hair against UV radiation and free-radical-induced stress, and to the use thereof in the above-mentioned cosmetic application.

Abstract: An autothermal reforming catalytic structure for generating hydrogen gas from liquid hydrocarbons, steam and an oxygen source. The autothermal reforming catalytic structure includes a support structure and nanosized mixed metal oxide, particles dispersed homogenously throughout the support structure.

Abstract: The invention discloses a nano-fiber material, wherein the nano-fiber material is formed by spinning an ionic polymer into a nano-fiber nonwoven, and the ionic polymer is represented by the formula: wherein: R1 includes phenyl sulfonate or alkyl sulfonate; R2 includes R3 includes and m/n is between 1/50 and 50/1, q?0.

Abstract: The present invention is a solution or colloid of fullerene, SWNTs, or graphene in cyclic terpenes, lactones, terpene-alcohol, fatty-acid alcohols, and lactones following ultrasonication and ultracentrifugation processing, for oil-energy, biological, electrical-thermal applications. The compositions are useful as fuel/oil/grease/gels (synthetic included), oil/fuel/additives/propellants, identification dyes, and heat-transfer fluids. Other functions are phase-change fluids for solar energy power plants, antifreeze, electronic dyes, electrolytic fluid/solvent, electrically-thermally conductive material for electrochemical, dielectric, filler/adhesive for semiconductor, eletro-optical, and liquid crystal substrates/coatings for touch sensitive transmissive or reflective displays. When combined with gelatin the formulations can function as dichroic-optical coatings for thin-films/waveguides/holograms.

Abstract: A fine pitch wire grid polarizer can have a pitch of less than 80 nanometers and a protective layer on the wires, by anisotropically etching the wire grid polarizer to form two parallel, elongated rods substantially located at corners where the wires contacted the substrate. The rods can be polarizing elements. A wire grid polarizer can have a repeated pattern of groups of parallel elongated wires disposed over a substrate. Each group of elongated wires comprises at least three wires. At least one wire at an interior of each group can be taller by more than about 10 nm than outermost wires of each group. Wires of a wire grid polarizer can be a byproduct of an etch reaction. A multi-step wire grid polarizer can comprise a base with a plurality of parallel multi-step ribs disposed on the base and a coating disposed along vertical surfaces of the steps.

Abstract: A resonance engine is disclosed comprising: a driver plate (12), to which is coupled at least one oscillatory transducer (14); a drive signal generator connected to the oscillatory transducer for excitation thereof; a first spring-mass resonator, having a first natural resonant frequency, with a proximal end attached to the driver plate (12) and a free distal end; and a reaction means attached to the driver plate substantially opposite to the first spring-mass resonator. When the oscillatory transducer (14) is excited by a drive signal from the generator having a component at or close to said natural resonant frequency, the first spring-mass resonator oscillates at resonance, substantially in anti-phase to the driver plate (12). Small vibrational strains in the oscillatory transducer (14) are converted to large strains of controllable kinematic movements.

Abstract: The present invention provides fluorescent nanoparticle composites themselves, the process of preparing such composites, to systems for rapid diagnosis (as “kits”) containing such composites, and to the use of such composites. In a preferential embodiment, the composites of the present invention have an affinity for biological molecules, such as DNA. The present invention also comprises the preparation of probes containing biological material, upon which are added fluorescent nanoparticle composites, making viable a rapid and economic biological diagnosis of, for example, diseases and genetic traits, notably in the medical and veterinarian fields.

Abstract: An imaging system for analyzing fluorescent molecules in a sample, including a confocal microscope device, has a support in contact with at least a portion of the sample. In the system, the support surface in contact with the sample is functionalized so as to reduce the observation volume of the microscope on the surface in the axial direction. The present disclosure also relates to various uses of such a system as well as to a method for analyzing fluorescent molecules in a sample, the method being implemented by such a system.

Abstract: The method of removing Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria from an aqueous solution includes the step of mixing multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with a dodecylamine group (C12H27N) into an aqueous solution containing E. coli bacteria. The multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with a dodecylamine group have an antimicrobial effect against the E. coli bacteria. The multi-walled carbon nanotubes may be mixed into the aqueous solution at a concentration of between approximately 0.2 g and 0.007 g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with a dodecylamine group per 100 ml of the aqueous solution.

Abstract: The use of semiconductor nanocrystals as detectable labels in various chemical and biological applications is disclosed. The methods find use for detecting a single analyte, as well as multiple analytes by using more than one semiconductor nanocrystal as a detectable label, each of which emits at a distinct wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for reducing damaging oxidation of metals. In particular, the present invention relates to nanoparticle surface treatments and use of nanoparticle surface treatments to reduce the damaging oxidation and corrosion of stainless steel and other alloy components in oxidating and corrosive conditions.

Abstract: MOF nanocrystals having a narrow size distribution, as well as methods of making and using same are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laminated glass including: a pair of glass substrates facing with each other; a composite film arranged between the pair of glass substrates and including a resin film and an infrared reflective film which includes a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer and is formed on a light-incident-side main surface of the resin film; and a pair of adhesive sheets arranged between the pair of glass substrates and the composite film to bond the pair of glass substrates and the composite film, in which the laminated glass has the specific configuration.

Abstract: A nanotube based device for guiding a beam of x-rays, photons, or neutrons, includes a beam source and at least one nanotube. Each nanotube has an optical entrance positioned in a manner that a projection of the direction of the central axis at the optical entrance intersects with the beam source. Each nanotube may have an interior diameter that varies along the length of the nanotube. to point the entrances of a bundle of nanotubes toward a point-shaped beam source, the bundle can be grown as an array of multilayer nanotubes from a spherical growth plate. The clear aperture of the bundle is enhanced by providing a smaller number of wall layers of each nanotube near the growth plate than at a distance from the growth plate.

Abstract: Provided are devices and methods for polymer analysis, in which labeled polymers are translocated along nanochannels that have illuminated detection regions within. As a labeled polymer translocates along the nanochannel and the labels pass over the illuminated detection regions, the labels become detectable (e.g., where different labels fluoresce in response to different wavelengths present at different illumination regions), and the user generates a spatial map of the location of the various labels along the length of the polymer. The location of the labels is then correlated to one or more structural characteristics of the polymer.

Abstract: An olefin hydration catalyst and method for producing same is provided. The olefin hydration catalyst can be prepared by contacting a niobium containing compound with a strong Bronsted acid, such as sulfuric or phosphoric acid, to produce niobium oxo sulfate or niobium oxo phosphate nanoparticles. The nanoparticles can be separated, dried and utilized in a reactor for the hydration of olefins to their corresponding alcohols.

Abstract: Nanoparticle (e.g., quantum dot) compositions and methods for delivery of substances (e.g., microbicies, fungicides, pesticides, therapeutic agents, biologics, diagnostic agents, dyes, marker substances or tags, etc.) to desired locations within plants or animals. In some embodiments, the quantum dot or naoparticle may be substantially free of cadmiun. In some embodiments, the methods may be employed to prevent to treat fungus or fungus-like infections in pains, such as agricultural crops.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Fe16N2 particles in the form of a single phase which are obtained by subjecting iron oxide or iron oxyhydroxide whose surface may be coated with at least alumina or silica, if required, as a starting material, to reducing treatment and nitridation treatment, a process for producing the Fe16N2 particles in the form of a single phase for a heat treatment time of not more than 36 hr, and further relates to an anisotropic magnet or a bonded magnet which is obtained by magnetically orienting the Fe16N2 particles in the form of a single phase. The Fe16N2 particles according to the present invention can be produced in an industrial scale and have a large BHmax value.

Abstract: A method for identifying a contaminant in an environment includes providing a sensor array, the sensor array including a plurality of sensing platforms, each of the sensing platforms including a corrodible metal. A reaction is detected on the corrodible metal on one or more of the sensing platforms to identify a reaction pattern, and the reaction pattern is compared to known reaction characteristics of the corrodible metals. Based on this comparison, the contaminant, such as a corrosive gas, can be identified. The sensing platform may include a quartz crystal microbalance or a nanostructure. In some features, at least one of the corrodible metals includes gold, and a detected reaction of the gold corrodible metal indicates the presence of adverse temperature or humidity conditions in the environment.

Abstract: A base fluid may contain graphene nanoparticles where the base fluid may include an oil-based fluid, a water-based fluid, and combinations thereof. The oil-based fluid may be a brine-in-oil emulsion, or a water-in-oil emulsion, and the water-based fluid may be an oil-in-water emulsion, or an oil-in-brine emulsion; and combinations thereof. The addition of graphene nanoparticles to the base fluid may improve one or more properties of the fluid, which may include the flow assurance properties of the fluid, the fluid loss control properties of the fluid, the rheological properties of the fluid, the stability of the fluid, the lubricity of the fluid, the electrical properties of the fluid, the viscosity of the fluid, the thermal properties of the fluid, and combinations thereof. The fluid may be a drilling fluid, a completion fluid, a production fluid, and/or a servicing fluid.

Abstract: System for detection and/or analysis of nucleic acids using nanowires to detect covalent modification of nucleic acids.

Abstract: Provided are methods for introducing a molecule of interest into a plant cell having a cell wall by using a QD-peptide conjugate having a quantum dot (QD) with one or more cell penetrating peptides (CPPs). Methods are provided for genetically or otherwise modifying plants and for treating or preventing disease in plant cells comprising a cell wall.

Abstract: A light extraction film having nanoparticles with engineered periodic structures. The light extraction film includes a substantially transparent substrate, low index one-dimensional or two-dimensional periodic structures on the substrate, and a high index planarizing backfill layer applied over the periodic structures. Light scattering nanoparticles are either applied in a layer over the periodic structures or included in the backfill layer.

Abstract: Methods and processes for synthesizing single-wall carbon nanotubes are provided. A carbon precursor gas is contacted with metal catalysts deposited on a support material. The metal catalysts are preferably nanoparticles having diameters less than about 3 nm. The reaction temperature is selected such that it is near the eutectic point of the mixture of metal catalyst particles and carbon. Further, the rate at which hydrocarbons are fed into the reactor is equivalent to the rate at which the hydrocarbons react for given synthesis temperature. The methods produce carbon single-walled nanotubes having longer lengths.

Abstract: Disclosed is a curable magnetic ink comprising (a) an ink carrier which comprises at least one curable monomer, oligomer, or prepolymer; (b) at least one initiator; and (c) carbon-coated magnetic nanoparticles, said ink being curable upon exposure to radiation. Also disclosed is a process for printing with the ink.

Abstract: A phase change magnetic ink including a phase change ink carrier; an optional colorant; an optional dispersant; an optional synergist; an optional antioxidant; and a surfactant coated magnetic nanoparticle comprising a magnetic core and a shell disposed thereover.