Abstract: A solution for harvesting energy from motion resulting from operation of an object, such as a vehicle, is provided. The motion can comprise low-frequency motion. The solution can include at least one magnet, at least one coil, a magnet supporting structure, a coil supporting structure, and a design component which provides a restoring force to at least one of: the magnet supporting structure or the coil supporting structure so as to ensure relative motion between the magnet(s) and coil(s). The relative motion of the magnet(s) and coil(s) generate energy which can be harvested for wireless monitoring or other purposes.

Abstract: An engine device includes an engine, a power generating portion, a motor portion, and a transmission mechanism. The engine includes a piston and a cylinder, and the piston is arranged in the cylinder and moves back and forth between a top dead center and a bottom dead center. The power generating portion and the motor portion are annularly disposed on the periphery of the cylinder. When the piston moves from the top dead center towards the bottom dead center, the transmission mechanism drives a power generating rotor of the power generating portion to move correspondingly in a direction opposite to that of the piston and enables the power generating portion to generate electric power. When the piston is located at the bottom dead center, the motor portion actuates a motor rotor to move, and pushes the piston to move towards the top dead center through the transmission mechanism.

Abstract: A hollow ring torus permanent magnet generator, with a sphere shaped permanent magnet which spins/revolves within the hollow ring torus passing through insulated copper magnet wire windings wound around the exterior portion of the ring torus shaped body wherein the passing of the sphere shaped permanent magnet through the coil produces electrical current in the insulated copper magnet wire windings.

Abstract: Disclosed are a washing unit for washing contaminants within a washing machine, a permanent magnet inducing unit for effectively washing an inner wall of a water tank by using induction of an electric field or providing a motion to an artificial floating body of the water tank, and a drain cover for a washing machine for assisting a washing operation of a washing ball of the washing machine. The washing unit has a body for maintaining a certain shape such as a ball and a plurality of washing projections, and is introduced into spaces between the water container and the washing tub and between the water tank and the pulsator to frictionally remove various filths attached to the washing tank, the washing tub and the pulsator with the washing projections that floats at a predetermined depth of washing water.

Abstract: A permanent magnet type electric rotating machine having a high resistance permanent magnet used for the electric rotating machine, the permanent magnet containing a magnetic powder and a fluorine compound, in which the current waveform is controlled for reducing the loss to satisfy a relation: A<C<B and restrict the 7th higher-harmonic component to 20% or less where A is the content for the 5th higher harmonic component, B is the content for the 7th higher harmonic component, and C is the content for the 11th higher harmonic component, assuming the total of contents for the fundamental components of a current supplied to the findings being 100%.

Abstract: The invention provides ironless electrical machines with reducer of Eddy current losses (Eddy current reducer) that improves the performance of machine. In the electromechanical systems with ironless electrical machines, it greatly reduces the Eddy current losses in moving conductive part from stationary permanent magnets (or in stationary conductive part from moving magnets).

Abstract: A power supply for supplying electric power comprises a power circuit which supplies L channels of electric power (L: positive integer), a control circuit board which outputs multiple types of control signals including a digital control signal and a PWM signal, a digital-to-analog converter having M channels (M: positive integer less than L) each of which converts the digital control signal into an analog control signal, and N demodulation circuits (N=L?M) each of which generates an analog control signal by demodulating the PWM signal. The control circuit board is electrically connected to the power circuit via the M channels of the digital-to-analog converter and the N demodulation circuits. N is a positive integer not more than M.

Abstract: A distribution of an element to improve coercivity for each magnet is decided, based on analysis results of magnetic fields within a plurality of magnets (M26 and the like), and by structuring each of the plurality of magnets based on the distribution, it becomes possible to realize a permanent magnet having strong magnetic force and high heat-resisting performance whose residual magnetic flux density and coercivity are both improved, using a small amount of an element which improves coercivity. And, by designing a magnet unit using the permanent magnet, and a motor using the magnet unit, it becomes possible to obtain a motor with high performance.

Abstract: A magnet used in a transducer includes a first part made of a first type of material, and a second part made of a second type of material. The density of the second type of material is greater than the density of the first type of material.

Abstract: A process for gasifying hydrocarbon-containing materials and separating the resultant stream into hydrogen gas and other useful products.

Abstract: A combustor/coil assembly for direct electromagnetic induction from a detonation wave comprises an annular combustor, a magnetic field source and a port. The annular combustor comprises an inner liner and a coaxial outer liner. The outer liner is electrically insulated from the inner liner. The magnetic field source generates a substantially axial magnetic field inside the annular combustor. The port introduces reactants into the annular combustor to form the detonation wave. The detonation wave induces a voltage between the inner liner and the outer liner by forming a current loop between the inner liner and the outer liner.

Abstract: A Karman vortex street generator including a shell (1), permanent magnets (3, 6), a vortex generating body (4), and a metal winding (5). Both ends of the shell (1) are respectively provided with an inlet end (2) and an outlet end (7). The permanent magnets (3, 6) are respectively located on two corresponding surfaces inside the shell (1), and the N pole of the permanent magnet on one surface corresponds to the S pole of the permanent magnet on the other surface so as to form a magnet field in the shell (1). The vortex generating body (4) is provided in the vertical center position near the inlet end (2) in the shell (1) so as to generate a Karman vortex when a fluid flows. The metal winding (5) located in the magnet field is able to regularly cut magnetic lines of force under the action of the Karman vortex and makes magnetic flux passing through the metal winding (5) change so as to generate an induction current.

Abstract: The drive system drives a brushhead at a driving frequency. The drive system includes a frequency modulation system which changes. the driving frequency about a center frequency in such a manner, with selected frequency deviation and modulation frequency, which interacts with the resonance of the brushhead to produce a change of amplitude in the movement of the brushhead within a range of 5-30%.

Abstract: A generator that comprises at least one ferromagnetic core including a gap, a magnet capable of producing a normal magnetic field within said gap and at least one coil positioned within the normal magnetic field on the core. At least one diamagnet that is positioned to pass through said gap on said core, wherein the diamagnet momentarily blocks the normal magnetic field causing a voltage to be induced within said coil.

Abstract: Increasing in size of a reaction force cancel system is suppressed. The reaction force cancel system is provided in a stage device including: a surface plate having a plurality of plate surfaces with different heights from each other, and installed on a floor via a vibration-isolating spring; and stages disposed on the plate surfaces respectively, and moving on the plate surfaces, and cancels reaction forces generated on the surface plate upon movements of the stages. In addition, the reaction force cancel system includes a first and a second reaction force canceling actuator that apply counter-thrusts to the surface plate, and a control section that controls the magnitudes of the counter-thrusts. In the reaction force cancel system, the heights of action points of counter-thrusts in the surface plate are different from each other, and the control section controls the counter-thrusts so as to counterbalance the reaction forces as resultant forces and resultant moments.

Abstract: An electro-magnetic motor-generator system, including a wheel assembly having a wheel mounted onto a shaft. The shaft has a sleeve mounted thereon. A frame assembly is mounted onto the sleeve. The frame assembly comprises at least one hub having a sprocket. A gear assembly comprises a second sprocket mounted onto the shaft that engages the sprocket. A rotating ring assembly has first and second walls. The first wall comprises first gear teeth and the second wall comprises second gear teeth. The ring assembly further has consecutive magnetized/non-magnetized sections. The electro-magnetic means consist of at least one coil having first and second openings. Electro-magnetic means generate an electromotive force between said first and second openings, and said consecutive magnetized/non-magnetized sections. Switching said magnetic polarity forces said rotating ring assembly to rotate upon said sprocket thus rotating said wheel mounted onto said shaft.

Abstract: Nanoelectromechanical systems are disclosed that utilize vertically grown or placed nanometer-scale beams. The beams may be configured and arranged for use in a variety of applications, such as batteries, generators, transistors, switching assemblies, and sensors. In some generator applications, nanometer-scale beams may be fixed to a base and grown to a desired height. The beams may produce an electric potential as the beams vibrate, and may provide the electric potential to an electrical contact located at a suitable height above the base. In other embodiments, vertical beams may be grown or placed on side-by-side traces, and an electrical connection may be formed between the side-by-side traces when beams on separate traces vibrate and contact one another.

Abstract: A vacuum container for housing therein a superconducting apparatus includes first and second partition walls made of magnetic-permeable nonmetallic materials, respectively, and facing each other to form a vacuum heat insulation chamber that is adapted to cover a superconductor that generates a magnetic flux. The first and second partition walls are exposed to relatively higher and lower temperatures, respectively. The first partition wall includes a radiation surface emitting thermal radiation while the second partition wall includes an absorption surface absorbing the thermal radiation. One of the radiation surface and the absorption surface is provided with a metal layer group in an exposed manner relative to the other of the radiation surface and the absorption surface. The metal layer group includes a plurality of metal layers spaced apart from one another and the nonmetallic material appears between the plurality of metal layers.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an insulating film disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a cavity disposed between the first and second electrodes. The insulating film includes a projection extending in the cavity, and a portion of the cavity is disposed between the projection and the first electrode. A portion of one of the first electrode and the second electrode has an opening corresponding to a position of the projection of the insulating film when viewed in plan view.

Abstract: An actuator includes: a first vibrating system having a frame-like driving member and a pair of first axis members holding the driving member from both sides so that the driving member is rotatable about an X axis; a second vibrating system having a movable plate provided inside the driving member and a pair of second axis members holding the movable plate on the driving members from both sides so that the movable plate is rotatable about a Y axis orthogonal to the X axis; a driving unit including a permanent magnet provided on the driving member, a coil provided to oppose the permanent magnet and a voltage applying unit applying voltage to the coil; and a spacer sandwiched between the driving member and the permanent magnet so as to form space preventing intervention by the movable plate. The permanent magnet is provided such that a line segment connecting both poles of the permanent magnet inclines, in a plan view of the movable plate, with respect to the X axis and the Y axis.

Abstract: A new class of fundamental devices and methods for their manufacture and use. The bulk magnetic field replicators of the present invention require no precision machining or alignment to accurately reproduce magnetic fields of any complexity, nor extreme positional stability to maintain superconductivity. Such bulk devices may be formed of either low or high critical temperature superconductive materials, but are particularly adapted to formation from high critical temperature materials.

Abstract: Apparati and methods for generating electricity which comprise in one embodiment a pair of stationary magnets oriented so that their like poles are facing one another with a space between them, and having a stationary length of wire disposed in the space between said magnets of said pair and enabling or causing the passing of a piece of metal through said space sufficient to cause an electrical potential in the wire. In one embodiment, the length of wire comprises a coil of wire having any number of turns between about 10 and about 5000. In another embodiment, the length of wire comprises a plurality of serpentine sections or loops disposed along the length of a tube or other form inside of which the piece of metal is made to move.

Abstract: A control system to control a position parameter of a stage in a lithographic apparatus includes a stage controller to control a position parameter of the stage in at least a first direction. The control system includes a disturbance torque estimator to estimate a disturbance torque on the stage, the disturbance torque about an axis extending in a second direction, the second direction being substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The control system includes a correction signal calculator, the correction signal calculator provided with the estimated disturbance torque and a signal representative of a position of the stage in a third direction, the third direction being substantially perpendicular to the first and second directions. The correction signal calculator determines a feedforward correction signal to correct a position error of the stage in the first direction due to the disturbance torque, the feedforward correction signal to be fed to the stage.

Abstract: In order to improve reliability, cost performance, and cooling property, a control device integrated dynamo-electric machine mounted to a dynamo-electric machine includes an inverter bridge configured with a plurality of semiconductor switching elements, and a plurality of heat sinks provided for respective arms of the inverter bridge and having the semiconductor switching elements of the corresponding arms mounted thereon for cooling the mounted semiconductor switching elements, wherein the semiconductor switching element includes a plurality of semiconductor switching devices arranged in parallel, and the plurality of semiconductor switching devices arranged in parallel are mounted on the common heat sinks.

Abstract: A motor having a stator and a rotor is provided as a direct drive for a laundry treatment appliance. The stator of the motor is preferably centered by a preferably cylindrical or conical protuberance in a bearing hole in a bearing spider or a rear wall of a tub of the laundry treatment appliance. The stator may have lugs on pole insulation which guide the rotor during installation, so that permanent-magnet poles of the rotor cannot strike soft-magnetic poles of the stator. A method for installation of the motor is also provided.

Abstract: A micromachined mover includes a rotor substrate and a stator substrate. A suspension is configured to couple the rotor substrate to the stator substrate and allow relative movement therebetween in a plane of the substrates. The suspension is positioned on an interior portion of the substrates.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an energy production system comprising a liquid reservoir in which a liquid periodically changes its level, at least one float at least partially immerged in liquid within said liquid reservoir, a lock system operable to maintain said float at a predetermined base level in said liquid, and a controller system comprising a floating trigger system operable to selectively trigger said lock system to release the float from the base level to wave crest thus enabling an outburst and creating high mechanical energy, thereby producing energy power from the liquid level difference within said liquid reservoir.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for calibrating a digital predistorter in an integrated transceiver circuit. A digital transmitter path provides a signal from a digital input. The transmitter path includes a digital predistorter that predistorts the digital input to mitigate nonlinearities associated with a power amplifier. The integrated transceiver circuit further includes a receiver path associated with the digital transmitter path. A coupling element provides the signal from the transmitter path to the receiver path. A signal evaluator determines values for at least one parameter associated with the digital predistorter based on the signal.

Abstract: An electrical architecture for an aircraft is provided. The electrical architecture is particularly suitable for relatively small, compact, and lightweight aircraft. In one embodiment, the electrical architecture includes an electrical generator component coupled to the aircraft engine, and an air compression system coupled to the electrical generator component. The electrical generator component is configured to receive mechanical power from the engine and to generate a constant frequency AC electrical power from the engine mechanical power, and the air compression system is configured to receive the constant frequency AC power as an input and, in response thereto, produce a pressurized air output having variable characteristics (for example, a variable flow rate or a variable air pressure).

Abstract: An electric machinery provided with a PM magnetic pole sandwiched by conduction winding excited magnetic poles is related to an innovative design of having a PM magnetic pole sandwiched by individual magnetic poles of conduction winding excited so to prevent the PM magnetic pole from falling off due to vibration and to prevent from weakening magnetic force by inverse excitement when the electric machinery is running.

Abstract: An electric machinery provided with a PM magnetic pole sandwiched by a permeable polar face and a magnetic circuit from an individual magnetic pole provides an innovative design of having disposed the PM magnetic pole sandwiched between the permeable polar face and the magnetic circuit from the individual magnetic pole to prevent PM magnetic pole from falling off and avoid PM magnetic pole magnetic force from being weakened by inverse excitation during the operation.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a system that uses the Lorentz Force to achieve propulsion and that does not generate a reacting force. In broad terms, the present invention includes a device that generates a magnetic field by generating a changing electric field and a carrier of electrically charged particles in motion. They are fastened together. The Lorentz Force that the electrically charged particles in motion are subject to in the magnetic field generated by changing electric field is the propulsive force of the system.

Abstract: A pre-sorter forwards items from solid waste to designated processing paths in response to their size. Large items are manually processed to remove non-recyclables, to fuel a generator, to be returned to the pre-sorter after removal from a container, or forwarded to processing streams. The smallest items are forwarded to a first chain of machines that remove metal and glass from the items. Intermediate sized items are forwarded to an assembly that separates small, relatively dense, items from larger lightweight items. The former items are mixed and processed by a first chain of machines. The latter items are forwarded to a second chain of machines that separate and remove paper and other containers from recyclable metal and plastic. Multiple paper types are identified and removed by a third chain of machines. A remediator receives residual items from each of the first, second and third chains of machines.

Abstract: An alignment apparatus includes driving means having a movable element and a stator, a measurement unit which measures a position of a moving member moved by the driving means using measurement light, and a discharging unit to discharge gas existing in an optical path of the measurement light. The discharging unit is provided to the stator.

Abstract: A superconducting motor which operates in a synchronous mode of operation, can also be operated in an induction mode in the event that the superconducting components of the motor lose their superconducting properties (e.g., due to cooling system failure). The superconducting electric motor includes a rotor assembly having at least one superconducting winding which, in operation, generates a flux path within the rotor assembly, and a support member which supports the at least one superconducting winding. The rotor assembly is configured to operate in a synchronous mode of operation at temperatures in which the superconducting winding exhibits superconducting characteristics and in a steady-state induction mode of operation at temperatures in which the superconducting winding exhibits non-superconducting characteristics.

Abstract: A linear compressor having a reciprocating piston, a linear motor driving the piston, and a motor controller to vary magnitude of a stroke of the piston according to power, including: a near-collision detector detecting whether the piston passes a near-collision position spaced from a top dead center according to a predetermined high power with a predetermined high power distance; and a collision return time calculator calculating a near-collision position return time taking for the piston to return to the near-collision position on a basis of the detection of the near-collision detector according to compression and expansion cycles, and wherein the motor controller decreases a driving force of the linear motor if the near-collision position return time is greater than a predetermined allowance time per power, and increases the driving force of the linear motor if the near-collision position return time is less than the predetermined allowance time per power.

Abstract: The drive system drives a brushhead at a driving frequency. The drive system includes a frequency modulation system which changes. the driving frequency about a center frequency in such a manner, with selected frequency deviation and modulation frequency, which interacts with the resonance of the brushhead to produce a change of amplitude in the movement of the brushhead within a range of 5-30%.

Abstract: A micromechanical device described has an oscillation system with an oscillation body and an elastic suspension, by which the oscillation body is oscillatorily suspended. The elastic suspension has at least two spring beams. An adjuster for adjusting a resonant frequency of the oscillation system by changing the position of the at least two spring beams of the elastic suspension towards each other is provided.

Abstract: Techniques for transferring utilities to and from a reticle or wafer stage in a lithography system while minimizing physical disturbances that affect the stage are described. These techniques involve transferring utilities to and from the stage without making physical contact with the stage. Alternatively, utilities are transferred by making physical contact with the stage while the stage is in a stationary position. In addition to transferring utilities to and from the stage, devices such as processing devices, buffers (storage mediums), electrical components, and mechanical components can be placed within the stage to use and/or control the transferred utilities.

Abstract: The brushless motor includes a first permanent magnet magnetized in a direction perpendicular to the drive direction, and a electromagnetic coil wound around an axis parallel to the drive direction. The drive control circuit supplies a drive current in a given first electric current direction to the electromagnetic coil without changing the electric current direction to operate the brushless motor in the drive direction.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide apparatus for validating and paying out coins, which can guide metal fragments to the surface of the driving motor such that the guided metal fragments are attracted to the surface of the driving motor so as to prevent the metal fragments from entering the coin pay-out mechanism, thereby to prevent the coin pay-out mechanism from erroneously operating, and which can reduce the labor of the maintenance such as cleaning by accumulating the metal fragments at a given place.

Abstract: The present invention has an object of improving wear resistance of a thrust bearing portion. A pressure is generated by a dynamic pressure effect of a lubricating oil in a thrust bearing gap C between a thrust bearing surface 11a including dynamic pressure generating grooves and a smooth thrust receiving surface 11b so as to rotatably support a shaft member 2 in an axial direction. The thrust receiving surface 11b is formed as a flat surface, whereas an inclined plane 17 is provided on the thrust bearing surface 11a so as to provide a reduced portion 15 having a decreasing axial width in a radially outward direction in the thrust bearing gap C.

Abstract: In order to prevent degradation of accuracy and decrease of strength when a hydrodynamic bearing device is assembled and to reduce a cost of the hydrodynamic bearing device, a guide face 2c serving as a guide when a disc hub 3 is press fitted into a shaft member 2 is formed on the shaft member 2. Then, the guide face 2c, an outer circumferential surface 2a3 of the shaft member 2 adjacent to the guide face 2c, and a boundary portion between the guide face 2c and the outer circumferential surface 2a3 are ground simultaneously, thereby forming a blunting portion 2d having a radius r in the boundary portion. Thus, no edge remains between the guide face 2c and the outer circumferential surface 2a3. Therefore, press-fitting resistance when the disc hub is press fitted to an end of the shaft member 2 can be reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrical motor.

Abstract: At least one exemplary embodiment is directed to a stage apparatus which comprises a first stage that is movable with respect to a horizontal plane that is defined by a first axis and a second axis that intersect each other at right angles, and a second stage that is movable on the first stage at least in the axial direction and in a rotational direction around a third axis, where a regulating member for restricting a movable range of the second stage is provided at a location in which a movable unit of the second stage faces the first stage through a gap.

Abstract: A stage device including a base, a stage movable portion being movable along said base without contact thereto, an interferometer configured to measure a position of the stage movable portion, at least one of a piping element and a wiring element connected to the stage movable portion, and at least one of a heat insulating material and a heat collecting unit configured to reduce a heat to be transmitted from the piping element or wiring element to a space through which measurement light of the interferometer passes.

Abstract: A stage assembly (220) that moves a work piece (200) a movement step (257) includes a first stage (238), a first mover assembly (242), a second stage (240) that retains the work piece (200), and a second mover assembly (244). The first mover assembly (242) moves the first stage (238) with a first velocity profile (770) during the movement step (257) and the second mover assembly (244) moves the second stage (240) with a second velocity profile (772) during the movement step (257) that is different than the first velocity profile (770). For example, the first mover assembly (242) moves the first stage (238) during the movement step (257) with a higher peak velocity than the second mover assembly (244) moves the second stage (240) during the movement step (257). This can reduce the amount of relative stroke required by the second mover assembly (244).

Abstract: A method for generating power including an energetic charge is activated to produce a shockwave, which is imparted at an effective velocity and temperature on a gas to ionize the gas for creating plasma and to drive the plasma. The plasma is impacted on an electrically conducting cable for conducting an electrical charge therethrough.

Abstract: A stage device for positioning an object. The stage device includes a slider for holding the object, a driving section for driving the slider with respect to a base, wherein the slider is supported in a suspended state on the base by a static-pressure bearing and a pressurizing magnet, and a countering section for holding the driving section and canceling a reaction force that acts upon the driving section. The countering section is supported in a suspended state on the base by a static-pressure bearing and a pressurizing magnet. Also, the relation Fm=Fa+Fg is satisfied, wherein Fm represents the attraction force of the magnet, Fg the weight of the stage, and Fa the pressure produced by the static-pressure bearing.

Abstract: This invention relates to a magnet assembly that includes a ferromagnetic member extending in a first direction, an array of magnetized poles of opposite polarity arranged adjacent to each other in the first direction and mounted on the ferromagnetic member, wherein a magnetized pole of the array of magnetized poles includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged to generate a diverging magnetic field towards the ferromagnetic member. In the magnet assembly, each permanent magnet of the magnetized pole has a magnetic polarization having a non-zero component in the first direction and a non-zero component in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction.