Abstract: A display device for correcting a distortion of a bottom portion of a monitor, including a vertical output circuit to generate a vertical output signal; a vertical signal detecting part which detects the vertical output signal and ensures that the vertical output signal has a necessary voltage; a vertical blanking signal generating part which converts the vertical output signal detected from the vertical signal detecting part to a vertical blanking signal; a phase controlling part which varies a phase of the vertical blanking signal; and an integral circuit which integrates the phase varied vertical blanking signal received from the phase controlling part and piling up it on a horizontal size controlling circuit. The display device produces the vertical blanking signal and controls and integrates the phase thereof through monostable multi-vibrator and piles up it on a horizontal size controlling circuit, so as to correct a distortion of a bottom portion of a monitor.

Abstract: System for correcting an electron beam from a single cathode in an electron gun for a color CRT, in which the single electron beam emitted from the single cathode is controlled by a magnetic field generating device synchronous to an electron beam deflecting signal and a video signal applied to the cathode for realizing an optimal image, the system including a time division distributor for receiving a video signal and generating one of electron beam signals corresponding to a red, a green, or a blue fluorescent material, an electron gun with a single cathode for receiving any one of red, green, blue signals from the time division distributor and emitting a single electron beam, a deflection yoke for receiving a deflection signal and deflecting the electron beam emitted from the cathode to an entire region of a screen, a digital controller for receiving a signal from the time division distributor and the deflection signal, and a magnetic field generating device for receiving a signal from the digital controller

Abstract: A field emission display includes an array of emitter sites, a grid for controlling electron emission from the emitter sites, and a display screen. The field emission display also includes a control circuit for controlling the grid for preventing emission to grid. The control circuit includes a high impedance grid bias path, and a low impedance grid bias path. In addition, the control circuit includes a sensing-switching circuit for sensing an anode voltage at the display screen, and switching from the high impedance to the low impedance grid bias path upon detection of a threshold anode voltage. An alternate embodiment control circuit is configured to provide a programmable delay during enabling of the grid to insure that the display screen reaches the threshold voltage prior to electron emission. An alternate embodiment field emission display includes a focus ring that is controlled to prevent emission to grid.

Abstract: A horizontal deflection circuit capable of performing various corrections.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a circuit for permitting stable operation of horizontal deflection output, and comprises: a first parallel circuit P1 composed of a first switching element 11, a first damper diode 12 and a first resonance capacitor 13; a second parallel circuit P2 composed of a second switching element 21, a second damper diode 22 and a second resonance capacitor 23; a horizontal deflection yoke 2 connected to the second parallel circuit P2; a flyback transformer 1; an integration circuit 16 operative to synthesize pulses from the first and second parallel circuits P1, P2 to generate deflection current and to integrate inputted horizontal deflection drive signal; first and second comparison•latch circuits 17, 27 for respectively comparing signal from the integration circuit 16 with first and second levels to latch comparison results; first and second drive circuits 19, 29 for respectively driving the first and second switching elements 11, 21; and a control element for controlling the secon

Abstract: A cathode ray tube display apparatus having a protection circuit which cuts off supply of a synchronization signal, i.e., the horizontal and/or vertical synchronization signals, to a cathode ray tube driving circuit in response to a state signal indicating when frequencies of the synchronization signals exceed a limited range. The protection circuit prevents the cathode ray tube driving circuit from being damaged by abnormal variations in the frequencies of the synchronization signals.

Abstract: In a horizontal scanning pulse control circuit, a reference clock generation circuit generates a reference clock signal in synchronization with a horizontal synchronization signal. First and second horizontal position reference pulse generation circuits generates first and second horizontal position reference pulse signals, respectively, whose phases are different with reference to the horizontal synchronization signal and corresponding to first and second pulses of said reference clock signal. First and second saw-tooth wave generation circuits generate first and second saw-tooth wave signals in response to the first and second horizontal position reference signals, respectively. First and second comparators, compare the first and second saw-tooth wave signals with a horizontal position selection voltage to generate first and second comparison signals, respectively. An RS-type flip-flop is set and reset by the first and second comparison signals, respectively.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electron source and an image forming apparatus each of which particularly comprises a surface conduction type electron emitting element as an electron emitting element, a method of manufacturing an electron source and an image forming apparatus, in which the energization forming treatment step of the surface conduction type electron emitting element is performed by applying a voltage to an electron emitting portion formation thin film via a nonlinear element connected in series with the thin film and having nonlinear voltage/current characteristics, an electron source and an image forming apparatus in each of which the nonlinear element is connected in series with the surface conduction type electron emitting element, and a method of driving the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a horizontal oscillation circuit for a monitor performing a stable oscillation even at the start input such as a power input or a mode change. The horizontal oscillation circuit for a monitor includes an operation voltage delaying part for delaying a time period for an operating voltage to reach a voltage level and for outputting a delayed operating voltage, and a horizontal oscillator for inputting the voltage corresponding to the operating mode, the horizontal synchronizing signal and the delayed operating voltage and for outputting a stable oscillation voltage corrresponding to the operating mode. With an output of a stable oscillation voltage from the horizontal oscillation circuit, the horizontal output circuit of a monitor can be protected from being damaged by heat and a stable display can be obtained even at the start input such as a power input or a mode change.

Abstract: An arrangement for reproducing a composite blanking or sync signal includes a vertical deflection circuit having a supply boost stage. A first pulse voltage at a vertical rate is derived from an output signal of the boost stage. The vertical rate, first pulse voltage is coupled to a base terminal of an emitter follower via a voltage divider for producing a leading edge of an output pulse voltage of the emitter follower. The vertical rate first pulse voltage is also coupled via an R-C network to a regenerative switch. The regenerative switch is coupled to the base terminal of the emitter follower for producing a trailing edge of the output pulse voltage of the emitter follower. The trailing edge is produced after a predetermined interval has elapsed from the leading edge. The output pulse voltage of the emitter follower is combined with a horizontal rate pulse voltage for producing the composite sync signal.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for automatically adjusting a picture size of a video appliance such as a monitor. According to the apparatus and method, since electrical characteristic data of the video appliance employing the apparatus of the present invention is preset therein, regardless of input of any external data, a user's one time input or automatic picture-adjusting mode selection makes external input data and preset characteristic data be compared, and the horizontal and vertical picture size of the video appliance in the video appliance is automatically adjusted. Therefore, the adjusting step is simplified in the manufacturing process of monitor, promoting productivity, and decreasing the cost thereof.

Abstract: Concerning raster converter circuit on HDTV, this invention is used to store datas to frame memory when datas converted into block unit on digital HDTV shall be displayed and also used as address generator in order to convert data format into raster scan method through frame memory when, by using blocktransform including DCT, VQ etc., data format with raster scan method from camera shall be displayed on screen with making up data by block unit which is convenient to condense data through frame memory, and can be applicable for all systems using blocktransform of DCT, VQ etc., i.e. HDTV, ATV, MPEG, JPEG & Videophone etc.

Abstract: A CRT image display emanates an undesired stray magnetic field that originates in the horizontal deflection coil of a beam-deflecting yoke energized by pulses from a horizontal oscillator circuit. A novel drop-in auxiliary pulse generator substantially electrically independent of the CRT image display, and synchronized with the output of the horizontal oscillator circuit, provides for energizing systems or devices that can suppress the stray magnetic field. The auxiliary pulse generator relieves the CRT horizontal oscillator of the burden of energizing a system for suppressing the stray magnetic field.

Abstract: Compensation for phosphor burn in a CRT scanner is achieved by offsetting the scan by half a line spacing on alternate scans when the film is stationary in the scanner. To avoid unpleasant effects the offset scan output is supressed and the previous frame output frozen in the frame store 24. The previous frame is output again from the frame store in place of the offset scan output.Offset scanning is not performed when a control adjustment is made to avoid a juddering effect on the displayed output.

Abstract: A television receiver includes conventional systems for receiving a broadcast type signal and displaying the received signal upon a cathode ray tube. Vertical and horizontal scan system oscillators and controls produce vertical and horizontal scan signal synchronized to the reference sync signals. A scan clock system cooperates with the horizontal oscillator and control system to produce horizontal scan related signals which are synchronized to the CRT scan.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for digitizing a repetitive waveform using an analog oscilloscope uses a successive approximation technique. For each sample point on the repetitive waveform a digitizing level is compared with the repetitive waveform at that sample point, and the digitizing level is adjusted until it essentially equals the magnitude of the repetitive waveform at that point. The particular sample point is determined by comparing a delay level with a ramp signal that starts from an initial fixed trigger point on the repetitive waveform. Each point is digitized in this manner in one of three modes. The first mode samples the same point on successive iterations of the waveform until that point is digitized, and then the next point is digitized. The second mode samples each point once per iteration of the waveform by stepping the delay level n times during each iteration, and adjusting the digitizing level individually for each sample point until the digitization is complete.

Abstract: A television synchronous deflection circuit is generally comprised of a first power supply for supplying a D.C. voltage to a horizontal AFC circuit in the horizontal deflector of a television receiver, a second power supply for smoothing the flyback pulse and for supplying a predetermined D.C. voltage to a synchronous separator, and a comparator for comparing the output voltages of the first and second power supply circuits with each other. According to a comparison signal outputted from the comparator, the operation of the horizontal AFC circuit is controlled. For example, when the output voltage of the second power supply is less than a predetermined value, operation of the horizontal AFC circuit is prohibited; and when it is larger than the predetermined value, such prohibition is released.

Abstract: The free-running frequency of a bus controlled horizontal oscillator is adjusted by programming of a first data signal that is coupled to a digital-to-analog converter. The programming causes the first data signal to be non-alterable. The programming is done during manufacturing of a wafer that includes the oscillator. A second data signal that is coupled from a microprocessor via a bus and via a second analog-to-digital converter to the oscillator can vary the oscillator free-running frequency to provide for tolerance compensation. The first data signal is immune against data errors. The second data signal is not immune against data errors, but can vary the oscillator frequency within only a relatively narrow range of values. Consequently, data errors are prevented from causing a significant change in the oscillator free-running frequency that might have occurred had both data signals been alterable.

Abstract: A broad operational range, automatic device for the change of frequency in the horizontal deflection of multi-synchronization monitors comprises an integrated circuit incorporating,a frequency meter being input and analog synchronization signal.a phase comparator having two inputs and in turn receiving said synchronization signal on one input,a voltage-controlled oscillator adapted to output a signal whose frequency is depending on said voltage and operatively linked to an output of said phase comparator, anda counter connected with its input, on the one side, to the oscillator output, and on the other side, to the meter output, said counter having an output connected to the other input of the phase comparator also forming the integrated circuit output.

Abstract: An adaptive oscillator control system includes a phase locked loop together with a static phase error correction system and external scan system components. An oscillator range control includes a processor having a plurality of established oscillator frequency ranges which are identified by oscillator range code numbers. A first frequency approximation is provided based upon either an oscillator range code number or a known standard scan frequency. A frequency detector provides a second frequency approximation and a confidence circuit examines oscillator consistency and enables the phase locked loop. Thereafter, a lock detector responds to the occurence of frequency and phase lock by the phase lock loop to enable the static phase error corrector and deactivate the oscillator range control system. The lock detector upon detecting horizontal synchronization, for broadcast type video, increases the second frequency approximation range.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system having a vertical position register and a horizontal deflection controller to position an electron beam within a CRT used to project an image onto a photographic medium for printing. When data is being displayed on the CRT, the beam is positioned vertically to the desired color phosphor row and then swept across the face of the CRT while the data is used to modulate the beam. During retrace, the beam is stopped at the center of the CRT and displaced vertically to a home position while waiting for the next dot row of information. The home position is located above the center of the phosphor area so that no leakage occurs if the beam remains in the home position for extended periods. Furthermore, while in the home position at the center of the CRT, the horizontal deflection amplifier dissipates a minimum amount of power.

Abstract: A sampling streak oscilloscope responsive to a light input signal stores charges on a CCD target by means of an electron beam rapidly scanned across a narrow dimension of the CCD target in coincidence with a segment or portion of the light input signal. The time relationship between a streak and the light input signal is changed to record a charge pattern for another segment of the input signal, while charges representative of a prior segment are transferred along the CCD array. A representation of the entire input signal is built up in memory.

Abstract: A technique for rasterizing a line having a predetermined width and slope, including the step of providing stored data associated with predetermined slopes and widths of lines, such data including information indicative of raster data for portions of lines of the predetermined slopes and widths. The stored data associated with the slope and width of the line to be rasterized is accessed, and raster data for one of predetermined portions of the line to be rasterized is generated from the accessed data, wherein the predetermined portions collectively form the line to be rasterized. The generated raster data is copied to a bitmap memory, and the steps of generating and copying raster data are repeated until the entire line has been rasterized.

Abstract: A horizontal deflection circuit for a multiple-scanning type television receiver that receives a video signal that can have a number of horizontal frequencies is comprised of a detecting circuit for detecting a deflection width of the input video signal, a comparator for comparing a detected deflection width with a signal proportional to the picture size of the input video signal in the horizontal direction, an adder for adding an output of the comparator and the picture size signal, a voltage signal generating circuit for generating a voltage signal proportional to the horizontal frequency of the input video signal, and a multiplying circuit for multiplying an output signal of the adder and an output signal of the voltage signal generating circuit, wherein a horizontal output circuit is controlled on the basis of the output signal of the multiplying circuit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display apparatus in which peculiar synchronizing signals fed while being accompanied by a video signal to be displayed are recognized, control signals for instructing picture scene size (display size) and picture display position optimum to the recognized synchronizing signals are generated by a digital automatic tracking circuit or the like, and horizontal and vertical deflection circuits are operated by the thus generated control signals so that a picture scene having optimum picture scene size and optimum display position is displayed on a display screen.

Abstract: Time/frequency skew between a plurality of simultaneously operated swept instruments is minimized by sharing a common master clock signal among the instruments and resetting the phases of internal clocking signals in each instrument to known states. Once reset, the clocking signals in each of the instruments operate in tandem. Consequently, the triggering latency period among all the instruments is uniform and subsequent triggered sweeps begin at substantially the same instant, providing accurate sweep tracking among a plurality of instruments.

Abstract: An object placed on a transparent touch panel horizontally arranged on a CRT is detected as an undesired material if a touch state longer than a normal key-in input time is detected. Removal of the undesired material is requested by the CRT display or an audio unit so that repetitive malfunction is prevented. A second longer time may be set to call a service man.

Abstract: A horizontal oscillation circuit which prevents damage of horizontal output transistors due to the rapid increase of horizontal deflection current at varying states of horizontal scan frequency or at the turning-on state of the power source. The horizontal oscillation circuit is provided with a speed up circuit which rapidly increases the control voltage supplied to a control voltage terminal of a voltage controlled oscillator. This provides increased speed of the oscillation frequency of the voltage controlled oscillator which does not slow in comparison to increasing speed of power source voltage. Consequently, the horizontal deflection current remains nearly constant, even at varying states of the horizontal scan frequency of the turning-on state of the power source, and damage to horizontal output transistors is avoided.

Abstract: The trajectory across a surface of an intended target point of a moving beam directed toward the surface is digitized by finding a particular point along each of a plurality of parallel axes of the surface for which a two-dimensional convolution integral of two functions is a maximum. A first of the two functions is the instantaneous intensity distribution of the beam on the surface with respect to the instantaneous position of the target point on the surface. The second function is the average beam intensity distribution on the surface produced as the beam moves across the surface during a finite period. A digital data sequence is generated in which each element thereof represents the position on the surface of a separate one of the particular points determined in this fashion, and this sequence represents the trajectory of the target point of the beam on the surface.

Abstract: A line sychronizing circuit in a picture display device, has a phase control loop including an oscillator and a phase comparison stage. In order to enlarge the capture range of the control loop, the phase comparison stage is in the form of a phase-frequency detector having a trigger action on edges of pulses applied, the circuit being provided with means for inhibiting the supply of the control signal form the phase-frequency detector during a predetermined period after establishing that the phase difference measured by the phase-frequency detector between the local line-frequency signal and the incoming line synchronizing signal is larger than a predetermined value. In the perdetermined period, the oscillator signal has substantially the same frequency as before establishing that the phase difference measured by the phase frequency detector is larger than the predetermined value.

Abstract: A coil arrangement with three windings arranged coaxially, where the outer coils are connected in series. The inductances of the outer coils are of equal magnitude and their magnetic fields have opposing polarities.The center winding induces currents in the series circuit of the outer windings which cancel each other out. The outer windings with their stray inductances form a coil which is separated from the center one and can be applied for other purposes.

Abstract: Instead of fine-controlling the horizontal deflection signal in a digital television receiver by means of two phase-locked loops and gate-delay stages as is done in prior art arrangements, in the horizontal-deflection circuit according to the invention, a first digital word delivered by a first phase-locked loop and representative of the horizontal frequency is added in an adder to a suitably amplified third digital word delivered by a phase comparator of a second phase-locked loop. The output of the adder is fed to the control input of a digital sine-wave generator which drives a frequency divider. The latter delivers the horizontal deflection signal, which drives the horizontal output stage. The phase comparator is fed with the horizontal flyback signal, which is derived from the horizontal deflection signal, and a second digital word generated by the first phase-locked loop and representative of the desired phase position of the flyback signal.

Abstract: A cathode ray beam deflection system operable in slew and random stroke and periodic raster display modes provides automatic power supply voltage switching to maintain linear operation and high efficiency. Control of automatic switching is obtained by continuously monitoring yoke voltage, yoke current, and deflection voltage, a power supply voltage being switched to a voltage of higher magnitude to provide a higher deflection rate when the yoke voltage exceeds a predetermined level at a predetermined current polarity and returned to a power supply voltage of lower magnitude when the higher deflection rate is no longer required.

Abstract: In a graphic display apparatus having a digital differential analyzer (DDA), a chrominance data stored in a register is written in an area of a bit map memory defined by coordinates generated from DDA by a write control circuit in response to ARDY signal. A first flip-flop is reset by a busy signal from the write control circuit and is set by a load signal. When the first flip-flop is in a reset state, a first gate produces PRDY signal requesting a microprocessor to load the chrominance data in the register in response to RDY signal indicating completion of a coordinate setting operation from DDA. When the first flip-flop is in a set state, a second gate generates CRDY signal in response to RDY signal. CRDY and RDY signals are supplied to a selector which selects one of them due to a second flip-flop for switching a line processing mode and a raster operation mode, and supplies the selected signal to the write control circuit to thereby perform write operation.

Abstract: A scanning CRT display system is disclosed in which transitions of a horizontal sync signal are directly utilized to provide control signals for driving a FET (field effect transistor) power drive device which controls horizontal deflection yoke current. Protection circuitry is provided such that the FET power drive device is turned off if excessive FET through current is sensed, and protection circuitry also prevents turning on the FET drive device if an excessively high flyback voltage is present at the drain terminal of the FET device. Linearization of the horizontal deflection yoke current is provided by effectively sensing the temperature variable on resistance of the FET output drive device and providing a compensation control signal in accordance therewith, wherein this compensation control signal controls the magnetization provided by a control winding on a saturable magnetic core on which a linearity compensation coil is also wound.

Abstract: The horizontal and vertical deflection factors for a split anode beam penetration color CRT are compensated for changes and remain constant as trace color is varied. In an electro-statically deflected tube a correction lens near an expansion mesh and electrically connected to the split anode faceplate alters the radial velocities of electrons leaving the mesh such that their point of impact upon the faceplate is unaffected by changes in axial velocity induced to change trace color. In a magnetically deflected tube a correction lens in the neck near entrance to the deflection yoke is supplied with a voltage that varies in conjunction with that of the faceplate. The axial velocity of the electrons in the region of magnetic deflection is adjusted to produce amounts of deflection that remain constant despite changes in the faceplate voltage.

Abstract: A cathode-ray tube controller uses a content addressable associative storage array (10) to generate repetitively a sequence of video control signals for a CRT to which it is attached. A binary coded counter (4) incremented by the system clock (CL) of the CRT provides a sequence of binary count values representing the running count of the CRT clock. This running count is continuously available and applied as an input search argument to the associative array. A plurality of predetermined count values, derived with reference to the running count, are stored as binary coded words in selected rows of the associative array. The match signals generated on the sense lines of the array as the running count value becomes equal to the predetermined count values in the array provide the video control signals to control the various display functions of the CRT. One of the signals is used to re-set the running count value so that the sequence of signals is repeated at regular intervals.

Abstract: The horizontal-deflection pulses (HA) and the vertical synchronizing pulses (VS) are applied to the count input (Ez) and the reset input (Er) of an upcounter (VZ) whose count outputs are connected to the address inputs (Ea) of a programmable read-only memory (PROM1) via a decoder (DC). The S-shaped characteristic of the deflection-stage current is approximated by portions of constant slope whose associated slope values are stored in the programmable read-only memory (PROM1) under one address each.

Abstract: A monolithic integrated vertical deflection circuit for television sets is provided for digital generation of the pulse width modulated signal for directly driving a vertical deflection stage. The integrated circuit is implemented using counters, clock generators, a frequency divider, a decoder and logic gates in conjunction with programmable read only memories so that the number of rows in a first programmable read only memory may be considerably reduced. Use of the simpler digital stages results in a chip of much smaller size than required by the prior art.

Abstract: A horizontal deflection turn-on circuit operates in the absence of trigger pulse normally derived by an AFPC loop. Under normal operation, the AFPC loop generates the trigger pulses based on a synchronized phase relationship with sampled flyback pulses. During receiver start-up, the flyback pulses are not present and no trigger pulses are generated. The turn on circuit provides auxiliary pulses which occur later in time than the normal occurrence of the trigger pulses. Means are provided for applying the auxiliary pulses to the horizontal deflection circuit only in the absence of normal trigger pulses.

Abstract: A sawtooth waveform circuit for a cathode ray tube display apparatus or the ike is disclosed for providing a sawtooth waveform signal in synchronization with the uniformly spaced pulses of a sync signal. A direct current voltage is supplied to an integrator which produces a ramp voltage. Switching means responsive to each pulse of the sync signal shorts the integrator so as to cause the ramp voltage to appear at the output of the integrator as a sawtooth waveform signal. A summing amplifier amplifies the sawtooth waveform signal, and then combines the amplified sawtooth waveform signal with a variable direct current voltage generated by a head tracker so as to provide at the output of the summing amplifier a raster drive signal.

Abstract: A line scan circuit for a cathode ray tube display includes a phase detector (3), integrator (4), voltage controlled oscillator (5) and line output stage (6). The integrator, voltage controlled oscillator and line output stage are conventional, but the phase detector is novel. The phase detector compares the phase difference for both the leading and trailing edges of the horizontal synchronization pulses and the line flyback pulses. This forces the line flyback pulses to be centered with respect to the synchronization pulses resulting in improved centering and linearity of the displayed picture.

Abstract: Apparatus for rotating a cathode ray tube (CRT) which is operated as a graphic display through 90 degrees such that different size pages of data may be displayed while minimizing the control circuitry required. The display deflection yoke is fixedly attached to a support frame for the display. The CRT is rotatably mounted within the yoke and held by annular thrust bearing which allows the CRT to be rotated 90 degrees. A switch is actuated by the rotation of the CRT to select between sets of control resistors to control the raster scan of the CRT in accordance with its orientation.

Abstract: A vertical sawtooth generator adaptable for integrated circuit application self-oscillates under control of a latch circuit. A circuit controls the linearity of the charging capacitor ramp voltage. High frequency components of the recurrent ramp occurring due to the retrace discharge current are reduced by controlling the discharge currents. The ramp rate is controlled by a single resistor external to an integrated circuit.

Abstract: A digital apparatus for generating a raster whose scan parameters can be ered and controlled by an external program. In addition to standard horizontal sweep, the raster can display a "waterfall" scan, range bearing sweep and various other geometrical patterns. A selector switch permits the raster scan unit to be selectively connected to either a computer or a control panel which provide the parameters for specifying any one raster.

Abstract: A waveform observing method and apparatus incorporating signal sampling and digital technologies is disclosed. An input signal to be observed is compared with the output from a digital-to-analog converter and the comparison output is used for controlling display means such as a cathode-ray tube. A wideband input signal can be measured with much higher accuracy than the conventional apparatus.

Abstract: A fiber optic data link apparatus for providing a calibration pulse a short time interval ahead of high frequency signal data to be recorded on a recording device. An apparatus for improving the delay scheme of state of the art oscilloscopes, which results in improved signal fidelity and the availability of longer delay times.

Abstract: The invention is a method and structure for generating representations of repetitive electrical waveforms by sampling the magnitude of a plurality of points on the waveform. The sampling method is characterized by progressively forming an approximation of the magnitude of each waveform point during a plurality of repetitions of the waveform. In accordance with one feature of an illustrative embodiment of the invention, the magnitude of the waveform at each of the points is formed by successively comparing during a plurality of repetitions of the waveform the waveform magnitude to the magnitude of a reference signal associated with the point and by adjusting the magnitude of the reference signal after each comparison in accordance with the result of comparison. The invention includes circuit structure for performing the foregoing method.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with generating line symbols (e.g. straight lines, circles) on cathode ray tube displays with TV-type scans. A tube 10 has the normal line and frame deflection waveform generators 12 and 13 and a normal video amplifier 15. A symbol generator 20, 20', 20", etc. is provided for each symbol; the generators may be controlled by a computer 21 which defines the parameters of the symbol (e.g. slope and position of a straight line). Each symbol generator contains two waveform generators--line and frame frequency waveform generators synchronised by the line and frame synch pulses LSV and FSV--and a comparator which produces output pulses when the voltages from the two generators are equal. These pulses are fed to the video amplifier 15. The waveforms generated by the two generators are chosen to give the desired symbols; e.g. sawtooths for straight lines, parabolic waveforms for ellipses. The output pulses have substantially vertical leading and trailing edges.

Abstract: A broad operational range, automatic device for the change of frequency in the horizontal deflection of multi-synchronization monitors comprises an integrated circuit incorporating,a frequency meter being input and analog synchronization signal.a phase comparator having two inputs and in turn receiving said synchronization signal on one input,a voltage-controlled oscillator adapted to output a signal whose frequency is depending on said voltage and operatively linked to an output of said phase comparator, anda counter connected with its input, on the one side, to the oscillator output, and on the other side, to the meter output, said counter having an output connected to the other input of the phase comparator also forming the integrated circuit output.