Abstract: New, useful and surprisingly effective polymeric triphenylmethane colorant-containing compositions which exhibit very low color degradation within polyurethane foams. Generally during polyurethane foam production, certain amine-based hydroxyl-group containing catalysts deleteriously attack the nitrogen linking groups within triphenylmethane polymeric colorants. Such compositions require the presence of nominal yet effective amounts of organic cyclic ester materials. The ring systems of such materials appear to open during exposure to heat (during the foaming procedure) and release carboxylic acids into the foaming formulation. The tertiary amines become quenched by the carboxylic acids and thus do not exhibit degradation of the TPM-based chromophore. The resultant foams exhibit substantially uniform color throughout. The processes and resultant foams are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: In one of its aspects, the present invention relates to foamed isocyanate-based polymer derived from a reaction mixture comprising an isocyanate, an active hydrogen-containing compound, a dendritic macromolecule and a blowing agent; wherein at least a 15% by weight of the dendritic macromolecule may be mixed with a polyether polyol having an OH number less than about 40 mg KOH/g to form a stable liquid at 23° C. The dendritic macromolecule confers advantageous load building characteristics to the foamed isocyanate-based polymer and may be used to partially or fully displace the use of conventional copolymer polyols used. A process for production of a foam isocyanate-based polymer and a process for conferring loading building properties to a foamed isocyanate-based polymer are also described.

Abstract: Method of making substantially windowless open-celled polyurethane foams which have superior wiping properties is disclosed. The ingredients for making such foams comprise: a polyol, catalyst, silicon stabilizer, blowing agent, toluene diisocyananate and cell-openers and/or surfactants.

Abstract: Process for preparing a flexible polyurethane foam by reacting a polyisocyanate and two different polyols under foam forming conditions so as to prepare a rigid foam and by crushing the rigid foam so obtained. Flexible foams are obtained which do not show a major glass transition temperature between −100°0 C. and +25° C.

Abstract: Composites of at least two different plastics materials joined directly to one another, wherein

Abstract: A flexible, metallized, polyurethane foam has, incorporated therein, particles selected from copper and copper oxide in an amount, based on metallic copper, of at least 1% by weight of the total weight of the metallized foam. The copper can be incorporated into the foam by (a) mixing the particles with a polyol and reacting the polyol with a polyisocyanate in the presence of a foaming agent to form the flexible polyurethane foam, whereby the particles are incorporated in-situ within the foam; or (b) forming a slurry of the particles in a polymer latex medium and treating the foam with the said slurry to allow impregnation of the particles into the foam. An article for alleviation of discomfort from an ailment associated with a joint, limb or muscle contains the flexible polyurethane foam covered by a fabric.

Abstract: An ink wastage absorber is made from a flexible polyurethane foam having an air-permeability of 1.0 cc/cm2/sec or more, or is made from a flexible polyurethane foam produced by using a foamable raw material containing a polyol, an isocyanate, a catalyst, and a foaming agent, wherein the polyurethane foam is impregnated with a surface active agent. An ink supporter includes an ink permeation member provided at a portion corresponding to a printer head and an ink absorbing member being in contact with the ink permeation member.

Abstract: An amine catalyst for production of a polyurethane and a polyisocyanurate is provided which comprises a quaternary ammonium compound represented by General Formula (1): where R1 to R6 are independently a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R7 and R8 are independently a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms; n is a number of 0 to 3, provided that at n=o any one of R1, R2 and R3, and R5 and/or R6 may be linked together to form a heterocycle, or at n=1, 2, or 3, R5 or R6 and R4 may be linked together to form a heterocycle; A is a carbonate group or an organic acid group; and X is number of 1 to 2. The catalyst has high activity in formation of polyurethane foams and polyisocyanurate foams, having less odor, and producing foams of high fire retardance, having high curability, high retarding effect, and low corrosiveness.

Abstract: An amine catalyst for production of a polyurethane and a polyisocyanurate is provided which comprises a quaternary ammonium compound represented by General Formula (1): where R1 to R6 are independently a linear or branched saturated hydrocarbon group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R7 and R8 are independently a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group of 2 to 12 carbon atoms; n is a number of 0 to 3, provided that at n=0 any one of R1, R2 and R3, and R5 and/or R6 may be linked together to form a heterocycle, or at n=1, 2, or 3, R5 or R6 and R4 may be linked together to form a heterocycle; A is a carbonate group or an organic acid group; and X is number of 1 to 2. The catalyst has high activity in formation of polyurethane foams and polyisocyanurate foams, having less odor, and producing foams of high fire retardance, having high curability, high retarding effect, and low corrosiveness.

Abstract: An isocyanate-based polymer foam comprising an isocyanate-based polymer foam matrix having disposed therein a particulate material having an enthalpy of endothermic phase transition of at least about 50 J/g. A process for producing the foam is also described. During the process, the particulate material acts as a heat sink and will undergo an endothermic phase change by absorbing a significant portion of the heat of reaction liberated during the process. This improves the safety of the process by lowering the maximum exotherm experienced by the foam and/or improves product properties.

Abstract: A composition having the formula: wherein R is a linear alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, polycyclic alkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, or alkyloxyalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one primary, secondary, or tertiary amino functional group. The composition is effective as a catalyst in the production of polyurethanes.

Abstract: A method for the production of polyurethane foams and of thermoplastic foams is described. As blowing agent, a composition is used, which contains or consists of pentafluorobutane, preferably pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc) and at least one further blowing agent selected from the group comprising; difluoromethane (HFC-32); difluoroethane, preferably 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a); 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134); 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a); hexafluoropropane, preferably 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa); 1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HFC-236ea) and heptafluoropropane, preferably 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), low-boiling, optionally halogenated hydrocarbons and/or low-boiling, optionally halogenated ethers.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for injecting an expandable or foaming material in a closed sectional structure of a body. The apparatus is suitable for mass-producing vehicles, such as automobiles efficiently. This apparatus is provided with a manipulator (38) movable to a desired position, a injector (50) fixed to the manipulator, a device (56) for supplying the expandable or foaming material to the injector, and a controller (40) adapted to control the position of the manipulator (10) so that the injector is set in a position in which the foaming material can be supplied to the closed sectional structure of the vehicle body through an injection port of the same closed sectional structure, and also adapted to control the supply device so that the foaming material can be injected and filled in the closed sectional structure thereof by only such an amount that was set in accordance with the volume of the inside of the sectional structure.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to a polyurethane elastomer that has improved hydrolysis resistance. The polyurethane elastomer is made by reacting a polyol blend of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid based polyester polyol, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid based polyester polyol, and a blowing agent. The polyol blend is reacted with an isocyanate terminated prepolymer. The aromatic dicarboxylic acid based polyester polyol is the reaction product of an aliphatic alcohol and ortho-phthalic acid. The aliphatic dicarboxylic acid based polyester polyol is the reaction product of adipic acid and glycols.

Abstract: A coating formulation for making a porous coating on a laboratory apparatus is provided. The formulation comprises 100 parts by weight hardenable resinous material, and from about 0.1 to about 50 parts by weight blowing agent based on the 100 parts by weight resinous material. The resinous material has a hardening time which is sufficiently short such that gas generated by the blowing agent is entrapped within the resinous material. The coating formulation is hardenable upon application to a surface of a laboratory apparatus to form a porous coating which is used for marking purposes or for the retention of biological samples. Methods of retaining a biological sample on a coated laboratory apparatus having a surface made of the coating formulation are also provided.

Abstract: A method of improving the stability of ar-pCDI formed using phosphorous oxide catalysts by deactivating the catalyst by addition to the ar-pCDI of at least one catalyst poison is disclosed.

Abstract: Polyurethane foams are prepared by reacting

Abstract: Described is an NCO-group-containing polyurethane prepolymer madefrom polyisocanyates and polyols derived from natural oils. The invention is characterized in that the polyol is obtained by transesterification in the presence of basic lithium compounds. Together with a tertiary amine used to accelerate the moisture curing, the storage stability is thus increased considerably. Up to 4.0 mmol of the lithium compound is used per kilogram of polyol, and 0.1 to 2.0% by wt. of the amine, relative to the total weight of the composition, is used as the accelerator. The polyurethane prepolymer is suitable not only for the production of adhesives but also for the production of foamed materials, in particular those dispensed from throw-away pressure vessels.

Abstract: New, useful and surprisingly effective antiscorch compositions for utilization within polyurethane foam production methods which utilize very popular tertiary amine catalysts are provided. Such compositions require the presence of nominal yet effective amounts of organic cyclic ester materials. The ring systems of such materials appear to open during exposure to heat (during the curing process) and release carboxylic acids into the curing formulation. The tertiary amines become quenched by the carboxylic acids and thus do not exhibit heat destabilization. The resultant foams exhibit extremely low, if no, areas of excessive heating (i.e., scorch) and thus are substantially uniformly colored throughout. The processes and resultant foams are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing an insulation board comprising a rigid polyisocyanurate foam core having two major surfaces and a facing material on at least one of the major surfaces, comprising (a) conveying a facing material along a production line for attachment to one major surface of the core; (b) applying a foam-forming mixture of polyisocyanurate to the facing material such that the mixture is applied along the entire width of the facing material; (c) optionally conveying a second facing material along the production line for attachment to the other major surface of the core; (d) conveying the facing material with applied foam-forming mixture into a laminator which comprises a gap for foam expansion and allowing the mixture to foam and expand to fill the gap within the laminator; and (e) curing the foam. The process provides excellent boardstock thickness control, minimal wasted densification at the foam/facer interface, greater compressive strength and high line speed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an isocyanate-reactive composition comprising an isocyanate-reactive compound having an equivalent weight of from about 400 to about 12000, and a stabilizing amount of methyl 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)propionate with optional costabilizers selected from another phenolic, an amine, a phosphite, a thioether, or a lactone stabilizer to form a stabilizer package which may be further used in a process for preparing a flexible polyurethane foam comprising reacting together an organic polyisocyanate with an isocyanate-reactive composition in the presence of a blowing agent to form the polyurethane foam.

Abstract: Foam blowing agents blends of HFC-134a and a pentane selected from n-pentane, i-pentane and i-pentane/cyclopentane are provided, as are polyol premixes and polyurethane foam compositions containing such blends.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wiping material for vacuum chamber having sufficient sludge wiping properties and water retention attained by easy control over cell diameter and use of a polyurethane foam which has been foamed free from a silicone-based surface active agent and a process for the production thereof. A wiping material made of a polyurethane foam for vacuum chamber for use in the preparation of silicon wafer is described, wherein the polyurethane foam is free of silicone and has an open-cell structure comprising cells the diameter of which are controlled to fall within the range of from 500 &mgr;m to 3,000 &mgr;m.

Abstract: The invention provides a pressurized container for providing insulating foams including a foamable composition adapted for delivery from pressure cans and on the basis of an aqueous plastic dispersion, which comprises an aqueous dispersion of at least one film forming plastic with a content of 30 to 80% by weight of film forming aqueous plastic dispersion, a blowing gas in an amount equal to 3 to 25% of the weight of the total composition, and at least one anionic foam stabilizer for stabilizing the foams and emulsifying the blowing gas in the aqueous plastic dispersion in an amount equal to 0.3 to 6% of the weight of the total composition. The foamed compositions are able to be employed as sealing, caulking and insulating materials.

Abstract: New, useful and surprisingly effective polymeric triphenylmethane colorant-containing compositions which exhibit very low color degradation within polyurethane foams. Generally during polyurethane foam production, certain amine-based hydroxyl-group containing catalysts deleteriously attack the nitrogen linking groups within triphenylmethane polymeric colorants. Such compositions require the presence of nominal yet effective amounts of organic cyclic ester materials. The ring systems of such materials appear to open during exposure to heat (during the foaming procedure) and release carboxylic acids into the foaming formulation. The tertiary amines become quenched by the carboxylic acids and thus do not exhibit degradation of the TPM-based chromophore. The resultant foams exhibit substantially uniform color throughout. The processes and resultant foams are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: Process for preparing a flexible polyurethane foam by reacting a polyisocyanate and two different polyols under foam forming conditions so as to prepare a rigid foam and by crushing the rigid foam so obtained. Flexible foams are obtained which do not show a major glass transition temperature between −100° C. and +25° C.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing polyurethane foam, comprising bringing together under pressure one or more foam components and a gaseous CO2 auxiliary blowing agent and discharging the combination through a permeable discharge head in the form of plural individual wire meshes sintered together to form at least one composite element having a structure such as to require repeated division, divergence and convergence of flow paths and impingement of the individual flows with the sintered wire mesh and the flows through adjacent pores in three dimensions within its axial thickness, and at which the pressure is reduced for forming a froth, wherein the combination of the foam components and gaseous CO2 is arranged to be in a non-homogeneous state containing gas bubbles prior to passage through the discharge head.

Abstract: Rigid polyurethane or urethane modified polyisocyanurate foams having improved flame resistance are disclosed. The foams are prepared from a composition containing (a) an isocyanate, (b) an isocyanate reactive composition, (c) a hydrocarbon/water blowing agent and (d) a phosphorus material.

Abstract: Foam blowing agents blends of 5-50 mole % HCFC-22 and 95-50 mole % of n-pentane, i-pentane and/or cyclopentane are provided, as are polyol premixes and polyurethane foam compositions containing such blends.

Abstract: Polymer foams having a good balance of high sound absorption, low thermal conductivity and generally low water absorption are disclosed which are obtainable by perforating (i.e., hole punching) a polymer foam having a moderately large cell size (1.5 mm to 4 mm) and an open content not greater than 40 percent to increase the open cell content of the foam by at least about 10 percent relative to the non-perforated foam, the polymer foam matrix preferably made of a thermoplastic foam, such as a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) resin, a high melt strength (HMS) polypropylene resin (PP), or a blend of a HMS PP resin and a LDPE resin, optionally containing a cell size enlarging agent such a glycerol monostearate, an antioxidant, carbon black and/or flame retardant additives, using a volatile organic compound, e.g. isobutane, as blowing agent.

Abstract: Foam blowing agents blends of 5-50 mole % HCFC-22 and 95-50 mole % of n-pentane, i-pentane and/or cyclopentane are provided, as are polyol premixes and polyurethane foam compositi ons containing such blends.

Abstract: Foam blowing agents blends of 5-50 mole % HCFC-22 and 95-50 mole % of n-pentane, i-pentane and/or cyclopentane are provided, as are polyol premixes and polyurethane foam compositions containing such blends.

Abstract: A semi-rigid polyurethane foam having a strength retention of not less than 70% when allowing it to stand at 120° C. for 24 hours, and a Haze value of not more than 2 as determined by Fogging test, prepared by mixing a polyol mixture comprising a polyol, water and a catalyst with a polyisocyanate, and foaming the resulting mixture, and a process for preparing the same. The semi-rigid polyurethane foam would not cause fogging under high-temperature conditions, and can be suitably used for interior materials of automobiles such as headrests and armrests.

Abstract: A thermosetting plastic foam solid formed from the reaction product of: (a) either polyisocyanate or isocyanate-based foam; (b) a polyol-based foam; (c) a catalyst which is capable of promoting the thermosetting reaction between the polyisocyanate or isocyanate-based foam and the polyol-based foam; and (d) a blowing agent which comprises a high purity cyclopentane product, wherein the high purity cyclopentane product is about 95% or greater pure cyclopentane, and, optionally, (e) water and/or (f) liquid flame retardant.

Abstract: The microcellular polyurethane elastomer of the present invention has

Abstract: 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluorobutane forms azeotropic or pseudoazeotropic compositions with alkanes possessing 5 or 6 carbon atoms. These compositions can be used in particular as blowing agents in polymeric cellular foams.

Abstract: New, useful and surprisingly effective polymeric triphenylmethane colorant-containing compositions which exhibit very low color degradation within polyurethane foams. Generally during polyurethane foam production, certain amine-based hydroxyl-group containing catalysts deleteriously attack the nitrogen linking groups within triphenylmethane polymeric colorants. Such compositions require the presence of nominal yet effective amounts of organic cyclic ester materials. The ring systems of such materials appear to open during exposure to heat (during the foaming procedure) and release carboxylic acids into the foaming formulation. The tertiary amines become quenched by the carboxylic acids and thus do not exhibit degradation of the TPM-based chromophore. The resultant foams exhibit substantially uniform color throughout. The processes and resultant foams are also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: In a process for producing polyurethane foams by reacting isocyanates with compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, the isocyanates used are (cyclo)aliphatic isocyanates and the reaction is carried out in the presence of substances which effect framework formation in the polyurethane foam.

Abstract: A coating formulation for making a porous coating on a laboratory apparatus is provided. The formulation comprises 100 parts by weight hardenable resinous material, and from about 0.1 to about 50 parts by weight blowing agent based on the 100 parts by weight resinous material. The resinous material has a hardening time which is sufficiently short such that gas generated by the blowing agent is entrapped within the resinous material. The coating formulation is hardenable upon application to a surface of a laboratory apparatus to form a porous coating which is used for marking purposes or for the retention of biological samples. Methods of retaining a biological sample on a coated laboratory apparatus having a surface made of the coating formulation are also provided.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, water and at least one hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of n-pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane and hexane that are environmentally desirable for use as refrigerants, aerosol propellants, metered dose inhalers, blowing agents for polymer foam, heat transfer media, and gaseous dielectrics.

Abstract: Process for preparing a flexible polyurethane foam by reacting a polyisocyanate and two different polyols under foam forming conditions so as to prepare a rigid foam and by crushing the rigid foam so obtained in a direction perpendicular to the direction of rise of the foam. Flexible foams are obtained which do not show a major glass transition temperature between −100° C. and +25° C. and which have an anisotropy of 1.80 to 4.00.

Abstract: A polyurethane molding is composed of at least two different polyurethane materials, namely of a polyurethane gel and a polyurethane foam. The foam and the gel are arranged in layers one above another so that both materials act together as spring or damping element with respect to a load in the transverse direction. These moldings may preferably be used as seat cushions.

Abstract: Process for preparing rigid polyurethane or urethane-modified polyisocyanurate foams comprising the step of reacting an organic polyisocyanate with a polyfunctional isocyanate-reactive component in the presence of a blowing agent mixture comprising from 50 to 90% by weight of cyclopentane and from 10 to 50% by weight of a mixture comprising isopentane and/or n-pentane and isobutane and/or n-butane wherein the weight ratio of isopentane and/or n-pentane over isobutane and/or n-butane is between 5/95 and 95/5.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for producing polyurethane foam without the assistance of any through-flow mixing device for the precursor components. Air or other safe gas is mixed with a polyol-containing precursor to form a froth, and the froth is directed in a stream via a dispenser into a free space at a first predetermined rate of flow. Liquid isocyanate-containing precursor is directed in a stream via a dispenser at a second predetermined rate of flow into the free space so as to contact and mingle with the stream of froth. The mixed components then fall together into a container where they react to form polyurethane foam. Mixing of the streams is facilitated by a target upon which the two streams impinge in close proximity to each other.

Abstract: Process for preparing a flexible foam by reacting a prepolymer having an NCO value of 3-15% by weight, which is the reaction product obtained by reacting an excessive amount of a polyisocyanate with a polyether polyol or a mixture of such polyols, said polyol or mixture having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality of from 2 to 6, an average hydroxyl equivalent weight of from 500 to 5000 and an oxyethylene content of at least 50% by weight, with water, the amount of water being 15-500 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of prepolymer, at the start of the reaction the temperature of the prepolymer being 10-50° C. and the temperature of the water being 10-50° C. higher than the temperature of the prepolymer and a process for preparing a flexible foam by reacting the above prepolymer with water in the presence of a superabsorbent polymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the preparation of a flexible foam. This process comprising reacting a liquid, storage stable, allophanate-modified polyisocyanate having an NCO group content of about 20 to about 42%, with an isocyanate-reactive component, in the presence of a blowing agent and at least one catalyst, wherein the relative amounts of the polyisocyanate and the isocyanate-reactive component are such that the NCO index if from about 70 to about 130.

Abstract: An isocyanate-based polymer foam comprising an isocyanate-based polymer foam matrix having disposed therein a particulate material having an enthalpy of endothermic phase transition of at least about 50 J/g. A process for producing the foam is also described. During the process, the particulate material acts as a heat sink and will undergo an endothermic phase change by absorbing a significant portion of the heat of reaction liberated during the process. This improves the safety of the process by lowering the maximum exotherm experienced by the foam and/or improves product properties.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for the preparation of siloxane-oxyalkylene and siloxane-alkyl copolymer compositions via a hydrosilation reaction in the presence of high boiling point natural vegetable oils as the reaction solvent. The reaction solvent need not be removed from the block copolymer product, and indeed is beneficial to remain with the copolymer particularly when the copolymer is used as a surfactant for polyurethane foam formulations. Soybean oil and linseed oil are the preferred high boiling natural oil solvents when the copolymer product is to be used in the preparation of the surfactants for polyurethane foams. High resiliency polyurethane foam prepared with these natural oils present in the surfactant preparation afforded improved compression sets, wet compression sets and humid aged compression sets.

Abstract: A flame retardant blend is disclosed that comprises: (a) a monomeric halogenated organic flame retardant that is adapted for use in a polyurethane foam formulation; and (b) an oligomeric organophosphate flame retardant having a phosphorus content of no less than about 10%, by weight, and at least three phosphate ester units therein, the amount of (a) in the blend being no less than the amount of (b). It is useful in polyurethane foams.

Abstract: An isocyanate-reactive composition containing a blowing agent that is generally a gas at ambient temperature and pressure which is storage stable is produced by including a phenol or alkylphenol having at least one phenolic hydroxyl group in the isocyanate-reactive composition in an amount sufficient to promote the solubility of the blowing agent. The isocyanate-reactive composition may be stored at ambient conditions rather than under pressure. The isocyanate-reactive composition containing blowing agent may be used to produce foams having good physical properties after storage at ambient temperature and pressure for periods as long as 3 months.