Abstract: A method for aligning nanotubes. In one embodiment, a method is used to align nanotubes. A bath with nanotubes dispersed on the surface of a solution is provided. An attachment surface is provided to attach the nanotubes. The attachment surface is placed into the bath at an angle of around ninety degrees relative to a surface of the bath. The attachment surface is removed from the bath at a rate sufficient to apply a velocity to the nanotubes in the bath of nanotubes such that the nanotubes are aligned on the attachment surface in a direction that is substantially parallel to the direction at which the substrate is removed to form a plurality of aligned nanotubes.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an IGZO nanoparticle, including an InGaZnO4 crystal structure and a trace element, wherein the InGaZnO4 crystal structure has a formula represented by formula: x(In2O3)?y(Ga2O3)?z(ZnO), wherein x:y:z=1:1:0.5-2, and the trace element includes boron and/or aluminum, which is present in an amount of about 100-1000 ppm. The present disclosure also provides a manufacturing method for the IGZO nanoparticle and a sputter target containing the IGZO particles.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments of methods and systems related to stimulus responsive nanoparticles. In one embodiment includes a stimulus responsive nanoparticle system, the system includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a plurality of elongated electro-responsive nanoparticles dispersed between the first and second electrodes, the plurality of electro-responsive nanorods configured to respond to an electric field established between the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: The various embodiments herein provide a system and method for enhancing polymerization and nanoparticles production using a disc reactor. The system comprises of a rotating disc comprising a first surface and a second surface arranged longitudinally along a single axis of rotation, a shaft attached to the rotating disc, a ring provided across the first surface and the second surface of the rotating disc, at least one feed inlet for providing a feed solution, a fluid inlet for providing a heat transfer fluid, a fluid outlet for exiting the heat transfer fluid, a product collector for collecting the produced nanoparticles and a product outlet for exiting the produced nanoparticles. The feed solution flows from the first surface to the second surface of the rotating disc due to centrifugal forces and gets accumulated on the product collector and exits from the disc reactor through the product outlet.

Abstract: Semiconductor structures having a nanocrystalline core and corresponding nanocrystalline shell are described. In an example, a semiconductor structure includes an anisotropic nanocrystalline core composed of a first semiconductor material and having an aspect ratio between, but not including, 1.0 and 2.0. The semiconductor structure also includes a nanocrystalline shell composed of a second, different, semiconductor material at least partially surrounding the anisotropic nanocrystalline core.

Abstract: Provided are solar cells and methods of manufacturing the same. The solar cell includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing and separated from the first electrode, and a quantum dot-graphine hybrid composite disposed between the first and second electrodes. Quantum dots are combined with graphine in a ?-bond within the quantum dot-graphine hybrid composite.

Abstract: A hybrid material including graphene and iron oxide, a method of manufacturing the same, and an apparatus for treating waste water using the same are provided. A hybrid material having magnetic properties and high dispersibility and including graphene and iron oxide may be effectively used for removing a heavy metal in waste water.

Abstract: Novel nanosized layered double hydroxide materials and a method of producing the same as well as uses of said material. The novel materials are uniform and have the general formula I [M2+1-xM3+x(OH)2][An-x/n.zH2O]??I wherein M2+ is selected from Mg2+, Ca2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ M3+ is selected from Al3+, V3+, Cr3+, Fe3+, Co3+, Sc3+, Ga3+, and Y3+, An- stands for an anion, x stands for a value in the range from 0.2 to 0.33, n is an integer from 1 to 4 and z is an integer from 1 to 10. The particle size is less than 1 ?m. The material can be used in heterogeneous catalysis in organic chemistry and petrochemistry, magnetic materials, pharmaceutical applications, electrode materials, tissue engineering, cosmetics, and dietary supplements.

Abstract: A fungal strain Beauveria species bearing accession number MTCC 5184 is disclosed. The process for the preparation of an enzyme mix including at least one enzyme selected from, but not limited to protease, carbohydrase, and lipase from the disclosed Beauveria species and uses of the enzyme mix in various areas also disclosed.

Abstract: A device for generating sprays of charged droplets, and resulting nanoparticles, the device comprising a first needle connected to an electrical potential line to generate a first spray of charged particles from the first needle, and a second needle spaced apart from and facing the first needle, and connected to an electrical line configured to ground the second needle or to apply a voltage to the second needle that is the same polarity as the voltage applied to the first needle. The device also comprising an electric field modifier connected to the first needle, and configured to modify an electrical field to generate a second spray of charged particles from the second needle.

Abstract: A method of producing nanoparticles by using chemical curing. The method includes depositing a metal thin film on a substrate, applying an insulator precursor on a metal thin film, and adding a curing agent and a catalyst to the insulator precursor to perform the chemical curing. The method also includes mixing metal powder and an insulator precursor, applying a mixture on a substrate, and adding a curing agent and a catalyst to the mixture to perform the chemical curing. Since the chemical curing process is used in the method, it is possible to form nanoparticles by using a simple process at low cost while a high temperature process such as thermal curing is not used.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of preparing nanoprobes, including multifunctional cellular endoscope-like devices, comprising nanotubes, nanorods, and/or nanowires.

Abstract: A process comprises (a) combining (1) at least one metal cation source, (2) at least one phosphate anion source, (3) at least one organic base comprising at least one organic moiety comprising at least about five carbon atoms, and (4) at least one organosilane comprising at least one organic moiety comprising at least about six carbon atoms; and (b) allowing the metal cation source and the phosphate anion source to react in the presence of the organic base and the organosilane (for example, to form surface-modified metal phosphate nanoparticles).

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there is a method of forming a nanochannel including depositing a photosensitive film stack over a substrate and forming a pattern on the film stack using interferometric lithography. The method can further include depositing a plurality of silica nanoparticles to form a structure over the pattern and removing the pattern while retaining the structure formed by the plurality of silica nanoparticles, wherein the structure comprises an enclosed nanochannel.

Abstract: Novel electrospun nanofibers and nanofibrous membranes, methods of manufacturing the same, and methods of using the same are provided. The nanofibers include a cactus mucilage, such as mucilage from Opuntia ficus-indica. An organic polymer can be added to the cactus mucilage before electrospinning The nanofibrous membranes can be used in water filtration.

Abstract: This invention provides a Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nano-particle, its preparation and application in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent, wherein the preparation of Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nano-particles has the followings steps: trivalent iron compounds and bivalent iron compounds are dissolved into a reducing acid water solution, and then added with tetravalent titanium salt solution to obtain the Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nano-particle sol. The Fe3O4/TiO2 composite nano-particles prepared by the method in the invention have the properties of superparamagnetism and photocatalytic activity and can be applied to MRI contrast agents.

Abstract: A method of one reaction step for synthesis of peptide template fluorescent metal nanoclusters as bioprobes. Specific targeting peptide containing a metal reactive group is synthesized and used to react with a metal salt solution under a sufficient pH condition at room temperature in forming peptide template fluorescent metal nanoclusters. The dialyzed metal nanoclusters is used directly as bio-probes.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods of making an enhanced activity nanostructured thin film catalyst by radiation annealing, typically laser annealing, typically tinder inert atmosphere, Typically the inert gas has a residual oxygen level of 100 ppm. Typically the irradiation has an incident energy fluence of at least 30 mJ/mm2. In some embodiments, the radiation annealing is accomplished by laser annealing. In some embodiments, the nanostructured thin film catalyst is provided on a continuous web.

Abstract: A polyurethane elastomer showing desirable conductivity properties comprises at least 0.3 percent by weight of an aggregated particulate carbon black, having a particle size of less than or equal to 100 nanometers, that forms a continuous conductive pathway within the polyurethane elastomer. The polyurethane elastomer may exhibit a surface resistivity ranging from 1×104 to 1×108 ohms. It may be made by first preparing an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer containing the carbon black, the prepolymer having a volume resistivity of from 1×104 to 1×108 ohms, and then reacting the isocyanate-terminated prepolymer with an isocyanate-reactive component. The proportion of the prepolymer ensures that it forms a continuous phase in the final elastomer.

Abstract: A hydrogel formulation of oxidized dextrin is reticulated with adipic acid dihydrazide, which may embody polysaccharides, proteins, nanogels, granular materials, bioactive molecules and cells for tissue regeneration and controlled drug delivery. A hydrogel can be injectable, highly biocompatible and biodegradable, for tissue regenerative applications, performing simultaneously as a vehicle e.g. for nanogels, granular materials and cells, and as controlled drug delivery systems, e.g. of hydrophobic molecules and therapeutic proteins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing lipid nanoparticles encapsulating therapeutic products, said process comprising: a) providing one or more aqueous solutions in one or more reservoirs; b) providing one or more organic solutions in one or more reservoirs, wherein one or more of the organic solutions contains a lipid and wherein one or more of the aqueous solutions and/or one or more of the organic solutions includes therapeutic products; c) mixing said one or more aqueous solutions with said one or more organic solutions in a first mixing region, wherein said first mixing region is a Multi-Inlet Vortex Mixer (MIVM), wherein said one or more aqueous solutions and said one or more organic solutions are introduced tangentially into a mixing chamber within the MIVM so as to substantially instantaneously produce a lipid nanoparticle solution containing lipid nanoparticles encapsulating therapeutic products.

Abstract: A method of producing nanoporous material includes the steps of providing a liquid, providing nanoparticles, producing a slurry of the liquid and the nanoparticles, removing the liquid from the slurry, and producing monolith.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a non-intravenous dosage for administration of a liquid biologically active agent. The dosage form contains a solid formulation of the liquid biologically active agent, e.g. propofol, in intimate association with at least one stabilizing agent, e.g. an amphiphilic polymer or surfactant. A liquid biologically active agent is converted to a solid product, e.g. a powder, that can be easily incorporated into a number of different non-intravenous dosage forms. Upon hydration, a nanodispersion or micelle loaded with the active agent is formed. The dosage form can provide a non-intravenous route of administration for active agents that are typically only administered intravenously. Methods, uses, kits and commercial packages related to the non-intravenous dosage form are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and materials for delivering biologically active molecules to cells in vitro or in vivo are provided. The methods and materials use carbon nanotubes or other hydrophobic particles, tubes and wires, functionalized with a linking group that is covalently bound to the nanotubes, or, alternatively, to the biologically active molecule, such as a protein. The biologically active molecule is preferably released from the nanotube when the complex has been taken up in an endosome.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the pH-sensitive nanoparticles composed of pH-sensitive polymer, hydrophobic material, internal stabilizer, external stabilizer content and insulin drug. The present invention also includes a method for preparation of pH-sensitive nanoparticles, in particular, a multiple emulsions solvent evaporation method. The pH-sensitive nanoparticles of the present invention show good pH-sensitive property with 100-300 nanometer particle size. Significant decrease in blood glucose level is observed in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and the bioavailability of insulin is more than 10% after oral administration of the insulin-loaded pH-sensitive nanoparticles.

Abstract: Compositions and nanoemulsions containing lipid nanocapsules dispersed in a hydrophilic phase, such nanocapsules including at least one avermectin compound, are useful for the treatment of dermatological pathologies, e.g., rosacea.

Abstract: A composite for providing electromagnetic shielding including a plurality of elongate nanostructures; and a plurality of elongate conductive elements.

Abstract: Control of the fusion activity of liposomes by adsorbing biocompatible nanoparticles to the outer surface of phospholipid liposomes is disclosed. The biocompatible nanoparticles effectively prevent liposomes from fusing with one another. Release of cargo from the liposome is accomplished via trigger mechanisms that include pH triggers, pore forming toxing triggers and photosensitive triggers. Dermal drug delivery to treat a variety of skin diseases such as acne vulgaris and staph infections is contemplated.

Abstract: A semiconductor device which comprises a channel layer formed from a semiconductor channel component material in the form of crystalline micro particles, micro rods, crystalline nano particles, or nano rods, and doped with a semiconductor dopant.

Abstract: A quantum dot-glass composite luminescent material is provided, the base of which is nanometer pore glass. The nanometer pore glass is doped with luminescent quantum dot. A manufacturing method for the luminescent material is also provided, which includes: step one, preparing an aqueous or organic solution of a single luminescent quantum dot, or a mixed aqueous or organic solution of two or more luminescent quantum dots; step two, immersing the nanometer pore glass in the solution of step one for at least ten minutes; step three, taking the immersed nanometer pore glass out of the solution and drying it in the air, wrapping and packaging the nanometer pore glass with resin, and obtaining the quantum dot-glass composite luminescent material after solidifying it. The composite luminescent material and manufacturing method thereof are suitable for industrialization and have a broad application in the fields of illumination, LED, display and so on.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing microparticles or nanoparticles of water-soluble and water-insoluble substances by controlled precipitation, co-precipitation and self-organization processes in microjet reactors, a solvent, which contains at least one target molecule, and a nonsolvent being mixed as jets that collide with each other in a microjet reactor at defined pressures and flow rates and thereby effect very rapid precipitation, co-precipitation or a chemical reaction, during the course of which microparticles or nanoparticles are formed.

Abstract: A solar cell includes a base and a nanostructured layer formed on the base. The nanostructured layer has a nanostructured surface opposite the base. The nanostructured surface has a quasi-periodic, anisotropic array of elongated ridge elements having a wave-ordered structure pattern, each ridge element having a wavelike cross-section and oriented substantially in a first direction.

Abstract: Biodegradable cationic block copolymers are disclosed, comprising a hydrophilic block comprising first repeat units derived from a first cyclic carbonyl monomer by ring-opening polymerization, wherein more than 0% of the first repeat units comprise a side chain moiety comprising a quaternary amine group; a hydrophobic block comprising second repeat units derived from a second cyclic carbonyl monomer by ring-opening polymerization; an optional endcap group; and a chain fragment derived from an initiator for the ring opening polymerization. The cationic block copolymers form aqueous micelle mixtures suitable for antimicrobial applications.

Abstract: An electroconductive film for an actuator is formed from a gel composition including carbon nanofibers, an ionic liquid, and a polymer. The carbon nanofibers are produced with an aromatic mesophase pitch by melt spinning.

Abstract: The invention provides a fast, scalable, room temperature process for fabricating metallic nanorods from nanoparticles or fabricating metallic or semiconducting nanorods from carbon nanotubes suspended in an aqueous solution. The assembled nanorods are suitable for use as nanoscale interconnects in CMOS-based devices and sensors. Metallic nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes are assembled into lithographically patterned vias by applying an external electric field. Since the dimensions of nanorods are controlled by the dimensions of vias, the nanorod dimensions can be scaled down to the low nanometer range. The aqueous assembly process is environmentally friendly and can be used to make nanorods using different types of metallic particles as well as semiconducting and metallic nanaotubes.

Abstract: A method of fabricating high resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips including a single semiconductor nanowire grown at an apex of a semiconductor pyramid of each AFM tip is provided. The semiconductor nanowire that is grown has a controllable diameter and a high aspect ratio, without significant tapering from the tip of the semiconductor nanowire to its base. The method includes providing an AFM probe including a semiconductor cantilever having a semiconductor pyramid extending upward from a surface of said semiconductor cantilever. The semiconductor pyramid has an apex. A patterned oxide layer is formed on the AFM probe. The patterned oxide layer has an opening that exposes the apex of the semiconductor pyramid. A single semiconductor nanowire is grown on the exposed apex of the semiconductor pyramid utilizing a non-oxidized Al seed material as a catalyst for nanowire growth.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel nanoscale cellulose particles and also a process for their production. The cellulose-based particles obtained have volume-averaged particle sizes of less than 300 run. These nanoparticles are produced from slightly oxidized cellulose and by input of energy into a water-containing medium after or during dispersion.

Abstract: A method for analysis of an object dyed with fluorescent coloring agents. Separately fluorescing visible molecules or nanoparticles are periodically formed in different object parts, the laser produces the oscillation thereof which is sufficient for recording the non-overlapping images of the molecules or nanoparticles and for decoloring already recorded fluorescent molecules, wherein tens of thousands of pictures of recorded individual molecule or nanoparticle images, in the form of stains having a diameter on the order of a fluorescent light wavelength multiplied by a microscope amplification, are processed by a computer for searching the coordinates of the stain centers and building the object image according to millions of calculated stain center co-ordinates corresponding to the co-ordinates of the individual fluorescent molecules or nanoparticles. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional images are provided for proteins, nucleic acids and lipids with different coloring agents.

Abstract: Dispersible single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are prepared by dissolving surfactants in water to form a solution; adding carbon nanotubes to the solution to form a mixture; sonicating and agitating the mixture to form a carbon-nanotube/water dispersion; centrifuging the dispersion to remove un-dispersed carbon nanotubes and impurities; repeatedly freezing and heating the CNT dispersion; and, sublimating water in the CNT dispersion by freezing and evacuating the dispersion to obtain carbon nanotubes coated with surfactant. The carbon nanotubes prepared by the method of the invention are dry, amphiphilic, and surfactant-coated powders that can be dispersed in both aqueous and organic solvents to form stable and uniform dispersions having a high concentration of carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: A composite catalyst, including: a) dispersed and cationic surface modifier-modified attapulgite as a catalyst carrier; and b) nano-Au as an active ingredient. The nano-Au accounts for 0.5-1.5 wt. % of the attapulgite. An average diameter of the attapulgite is 18-22 nm, and a length thereof is 100-1000 nm. A particle diameter of the nano-Au is 1-7 nm. The composite catalyst has a low activation temperature and high performance-to-price ratio, and can be used for oxidation of organic pollutants in waste gas under low temperatures and also has excellent catalytic effects on organic pollutants in waste fluid. A preparation method of the composite catalyst is also provided.

Abstract: A method for forming a gate structure includes the following steps. A substrate is provided. A silicon oxide layer is formed on the substrate. A decoupled plasma-nitridation process is applied to the silicon oxide layer so as to form a silicon oxynitride layer. A first polysilicon layer is formed on the silicon oxynitride layer. A thermal process is applied to the silicon oxynitride layer having the first polysilicon layer. After the thermal process, a second polysilicon layer is formed on the first polysilicon layer. The first polysilicon layer can protect the gate dielectric layer during the thermal process. The nitrogen atoms inside the gate dielectric layer do not lose out of the gate dielectric layer. Thus, the out-gassing phenomenon can be avoided, and a dielectric constant of the gate dielectric layer can not be changed, thereby increasing the reliability of the gate structure.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a thermoelectric material having a plurality of grains and grain boundaries. The process includes determining a material composition to be investigated for the thermoelectric material and then determining a range of values of grain size and/or grain boundary barrier height obtainable for the material composition using current state of the art manufacturing techniques. Thereafter, a range of figure of merit values for the material composition is determined as a function of the range of values of grain size and/or grain boundary barrier height. And finally, a thermoelectric material having the determined material composition and an average grain size and grain boundary barrier height corresponding to the maximum range of figure of merit values is manufactured.

Abstract: A method of microbial identification is disclosed. The method includes the steps of assembling dielectrophoretic particles modified with specific DNA probes on a surface thereof in a continuous fluid at a predetermined location in a microchannel to form a particle assembly by a negative dielectrophoretic force and a hydrodynamic force provided by the continuous fluid, narrowing gaps between the dielectrophoretic particles of the particle assembly to enhance the electric field in the gaps between the dielectrophoretic particles, injecting a fluid containing target DNAs of a target microbe into the microchannel at a predetermined flow rate to move the target DNAs toward the particle assembly and generating a positive dielectrophoretic force by the enhanced electric field to attract the target DNAs toward the dielectrophoretic particles of the particle assembly for hybridization with the DNA probes. The present invention also discloses a method of manipulation of nanoscale biomolecules.

Abstract: Described herein are apparatuses and methods of creating fibers, such as microfibers and nanofibers. The methods discussed herein employ centrifugal forces to transform material into fibers. Apparatuses that may be used to create fibers are also described. Embodiments described herein relate to apparatuses and methods for the deposition of fibers onto substrates.

Abstract: Described herein are apparatuses and methods of creating fibers, such as microfibers and nanofibers. The methods discussed herein employ centrifugal forces to transform material into fibers. Apparatuses that may be used to create fibers are also described. Described herein are fiber producing devices that have various types of outlet elements coupled to the fiber producing device.

Abstract: Gel nanoparticles for encapsulating and delivering a pharmaceutical compound to a patient. The nanoparticles are formed from N-trimethyl chitosan and polysialic acid, preferably in the presence of sodium tripolyphosphate. A ratio of polysialic acid to N-trimethyl chitosan of about 0.5 to 1 produces nanoparticles having diameter of about 100 nm (plus or minus 25 nm) and a zero potential above 30 milivolts that can stability contain a pharmaceutical compound, such as methotrexate, for delivery to a patient.

Abstract: The invention provides a nanocomposite thermoelectric conversion material (1) in which the matrix has a polycrystalline structure, and crystal grains (10) and a crystal grain boundary phase (12) of a different composition are present therein, and in which the same type of phonon-scattering particles (14) are dispersed within the crystal grains (10) and the crystal grain boundary phase (12).

Abstract: In accordance with the purpose(s) of the present disclosure, as embodied and broadly described herein, embodiments of the present disclosure, in one aspect, relate to methods of making nanostructures (e.g., nanoparticles, nanofibers), systems for making nanostructures, and the like.

Abstract: Described herein are apparatuses and methods of creating fibers, such as microfibers and nanofibers. The methods discussed herein employ centrifugal forces to transform material into fibers. Apparatuses that may be used to create fibers are also described. Embodiments described herein relate to multilayer fiber producing devices.

Abstract: Described herein are apparatuses and methods of creating fibers, such as microfibers and nanofibers. The methods discussed herein employ centrifugal forces to transform material into fibers. Apparatuses that may be used to create fibers are also described. The apparatuses and methods described herein may be used to simultaneously create microfibers and nanofibers.