Abstract: A process for producing a highly anticorrosive rare earth permanent magnet, characterized by sequentially subjecting an R—Fe—B sintered magnet to surface finishing involving cutting and/or polishing, plating pretreatment, nickel electroplating to a given plating thickness, immersion in an aqueous solution containing a phosphoric salt, washing with water and heat treatment at 150° to 400° C. for 1 to 24 hr in an atmosphere of 1.3×103 Pa or higher oxygen partial pressure so as to form a thin nickel oxide layer at the surface layer portion.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for treating and coating a ferrous metal substrate, such as cold rolled steel, hot rolled steel, and electrogalvanized steel. These methods include contacting the ferrous metal substrate with an aqueous pretreatment composition comprising: (a) a Group IIIB and/or IVB metal compound; (b) phosphate ions; and (c) water.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for controlling the formation of foulant deposits on petroleum processing equipment. The invention involves a first mixture comprising an acid phosphate ester. The first mixture is applied to the surface of the petroleum processing equipment at a high temperature. Then a second mixture comprising a metal salt is applied also at a high temperature. The result is sufficient to provide an effective coating that prevents the formation of foulant deposits on the petroleum processing equipment. The second mixture reacts with any polyphosphate in the coating to prevent any contamination of petroleum materials within the petroleum processing equipment.

Abstract: Operational problems such as scale and sludge formation which are encountered in phosphating processes using compositions containing zinc and at least one of Ni, Co, or Zn may be alleviated by maintaining an effective level of dissolved iron cations in such compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a chromate-free conversion film solution and a method of applying the solution to magnesium and magnesium alloys. The solution contains zirconium ions, manganese ions, barium ions and phosphate corrosion inhibitor; and the pH of the said solution is in the range of 1-5; and may further comprise molybdate as accelerant. The method comprises degreasing, acid etching, surface activation, surface adjusting, and film forming steps. The conversion film obtained in accordance with the disclosed method is uniform, smooth, and compact and has high corrosion resistance and good adhesion with paint film. Moreover, the chromate-free conversion film solution is environmentally friendly and possesses fast film growth rates.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for stabilizing lithium metal powder. The method comprises the steps of heating the lithium metal powder to above its melting point to provide molten lithium metal, dispersing the molten lithium metal, and contacting the dispersed molten lithium metal with a phosphorous-containing compound to provide a substantially continuous protective layer of lithium phosphate on the lithium metal powder.

Abstract: An aqueous phosphoric bonding solution consists essentially of phosphoric acid, a source of magnesium ions, and a leachable corrosion inhibitor. The bonding solution is stable with respect to inorganic metal particles, such as aluminum, which are admixed to the bonding solution for the preparation of a coating slurry. Metal parts coated with the coating compositions have very satisfactory properties such as heat and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: A tinned steel sheet includes an Sn-containing plating layer disposed on at least one surface of a steel sheet and in which mass per unit area of Sn is 0.05 to 20 g/m2; a first chemical conversion coating disposed on the Sn-containing plating layer and contains P and Sn, and in which mass per unit area of P is 0.3 to 10 mg/m2; a second chemical conversion coating disposed on the first chemical conversion coating and contains P and Al, and in which mass per unit area of P is 1.2 to 10 mg/m2 and mass per unit area of Al is 0.24 to 8.7 mg/m2; and a silane coupling agent-treating layer formed with the silane coupling agent disposed on the second chemical conversion coating and has a mass per unit area of Si of 0.10 to 100 mg/m2.

Abstract: An exemplary phosphating solution is used for conversion treating a surface of a magnesium alloy workpiece. The phosphating solution includes: 2.89 gram/liter to 8.67 gram/liter of phosphoric acid, 0.3 gram/liter to 1.0 gram/liter of carbamide, 0.39 gram/liter to 1.56 gram/liter of nitric acid, 6 gram/liter to 30 gram/liter of manganese dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.2 gram/liter to 0.6 gram/liter of tannin. A method for conversion treating a surface of a magnesium alloy workpiece is also provided.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a surface treated oil well pipe comprising performing chemical conversion treatment on an oil well pipe having a steel composition containing 0.5-13% Cr using a chemical conversion treatment liquid containing zinc and phosphoric acid or manganese and phosphoric acid and further containing potassium tetraborate to form a chemical conversion film of a zinc-phosphate type or a manganese phosphate type, wherein the chemical conversion treatment is carried out in the absence of fluoride ions.

Abstract: A surface conditioning composition is provided in which a titanium phosphate compound can be stored in the state of a dispersion liquid for a long period of time while being stably present in the dispersion liquid, with favorable stability also in the bath, and with the composition being capable of forming a conversion coating film in a sufficient amount of the film even in the case of application to conversion resistant metal materials such as high-tensile steel sheets.

Abstract: Process for the passivation of metallic surfaces, in particular of strip metals, by treatment of the surface with an acidic, aqueous preparation which comprises at least one water-soluble acid group-containing polymer and at least one wax.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and composition for coating a ferrous metal surface with a zirconium/vanadium conversion coating which is substantially free of an organic film forming composition and tannins. The method is a low temperature method which contemplates an aqueous conversion coating composition which is low in phosphates and which comprises zirconium, vanadium, fluoride, as well as phosphate ions in a ratio and a concentration effective for providing a conversion-coated ferrous metal surface.

Abstract: Continuous method of passivating galvanized steel strips with acidic aqueous formulations which comprise at least one water-soluble polymer comprising acidic groups.

Abstract: An aqueous phosphoric bonding solution consists essentially of phosphoric acid, a source of magnesium ions, and a leachable corrosion inhibitor. The bonding solution is stable with respect to inorganic metal particles, such as aluminum, which are admixed to the bonding solution for the preparation of a coating slurry. Metal parts coated with the coating compositions have very satisfactory properties such as heat and corrosion resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for a preliminary metallizing treatment of galvanized or zinc alloy-coated steel surfaces or joined metallic parts that at least partly have zinc surfaces, in a surface treatment encompassing several process steps. In the disclosed method, metallic coats of especially a maximum of 100 mg/m2 of molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, nickel, lead, tin, and/or preferably iron are produced on the treated zinc surfaces. Another embodiment of the invention relates to an uncoated or subsequently coated metallic part which has been subjected to the disclosed preliminary metallizing treatment as well as the use of such a part for making bodies during the production of automobiles, building ships, in the construction industry, and for manufacturing white products.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the purpose of increasing the adhesion of a polymeric material to a metal surface. The process comprises plating the metal surface with a layer of electroless nickel, electroless cobalt or electroless (or immersion) tin followed by phosphating the plated layer prior to bonding the polymeric material thereto. The process is particularly suited to treating printed circuit board inner-layers and lead frames.

Abstract: A process for iron phosphating ferrous metal substrates having undesirable ferrous oxides thereon, such as that formed by laser cutting, that eliminates at least the pickling step in the phosphating process and provides good paint adhesion, and compositions of matter useful in the process.

Abstract: By subjecting a threaded joint for OCTG (oil country tubular goods) to surface conditioning with an aqueous solution of potassium tetraborate or sodium tetraborate prior to manganese phosphate chemical conversion treatment, a manganese phosphate chemical conversion coating having coarse crystal grains with an average crystal grain diameter of 10-110 micrometers is formed on the surface of the steel member which may be any steel including a high Cr steel. This manganese phosphate chemical conversion coating can hold a large amount of a liquid lubricant, and it is effective at preventing the occurrence of galling at the time of makeup of a threaded joint for OCTG.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous composition and to a method for the anticorrosion conversion treatment of metallic surfaces, particularly metallic materials which are assembled into composite structures, comprising steel or galvanized or alloy-galvanized steel and any combinations of these materials, the composite structure being composed at least in part of aluminum or the alloys thereof. The aqueous composition according to the invention is based on a phosphating solution and contains, in addition to water-soluble compounds of zirconium and titanium, a quantity of free fluoride in a ratio that both permits phosphating of the steel and galvanized and/or alloy-galvanized steel surfaces and determines low pickling rates with regard to the aluminum substrate with simultaneous passivation of the aluminum.

Abstract: A surface of a Mg or Mg-alloy housing of the present invention is subjected to wet blast using a mixture containing a chemical conversion treatment agent and an abrasive, whereby a chemical conversion film is formed on the surface of the Mg or Mg-alloy housing. Because of this, a chemical conversion film is formed simply on the surface of a molded product made of Mg or a Mg-alloy to reduce the correction by puttying, whereby a Mg or Mg-alloy housing is provided in which a decrease in yield and an increase in cost can be prevented.

Abstract: Provided is a chromium-free surface treatment method which imparts practical rust inhibitive performance to a metal product having a zinc surface to which it was difficult to impart rust inhibitive performance of practical level. A conversion-coated film of zinc phosphate etc. is formed on the zinc surface of the metal product as pretreatment, and the silica-based film is formed by applying a chromium-free surface treatment agent which uses alcohol or mixture of water and alcohol as a solvent to the conversion-coated film. As a result, when an aqueous surface treatment agent containing alcohol is applied, it is possible to suppress the formation of white rusting for 72 hours or longer in the salt spray test.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for treating and coating a ferrous metal substrate, such as cold rolled steel, hot rolled steel, and electrogalvanized steel. These methods include contacting the ferrous metal substrate with an aqueous pretreatment composition comprising: (a) a Group IIIB and/or IVB metal compound; (b) phosphate ions; and (c) water.

Abstract: Metal surfaces are treated with acidic aqueous compositions to form conversion coatings. The acidic aqueous compositions contain fluorometallate anions, divalent and/or trivalent cations of certain elements such as zinc, phosphorus-containing inorganic oxyanions, phosphonate anions containing phosphorus atoms directly bonded to carbon atoms, and water-soluble and/or water-dispersible organic polymers and/or polymer-forming resins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a phosphating solution and a process for the phosphating of metallic surfaces with aqueous, acidic phosphating solutions that comprise zinc and phosphate ions, at least one source of peroxide and one or more aliphatic chelating carboxylic acids containing 2 to 7 carbon atoms; the phosphating solution having a free acid content of one point or less.

Abstract: The invention involves a composition for forming a combined conversion and lubricating coating on a metal substrate with which the composition is brought into contact. The composition comprises (a) an oxyethylated aliphatic alcohol whose aliphatic hydrocarbon moiety contains 18 or more carbon atoms and (b) dissolved phosphate anions. Preferably the composition also comprises inorganic boron, an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid, and an accelerator for phosphate coating.

Abstract: This invention discloses the use in the production of a polyolefin of a slurry loop reactor wherein all internal parts in contact with the slurry are polished first by a mechanical process to a level of at most 70 RMS roughness value and are subsequently polished by a chemical or electrochemical process, to a final level of at most 40 RMS roughness value.

Abstract: Lubricated surfaces and methods for improving wear performance of gears and bearings are described. The lubricated surfaces include a manganese phosphate film on the surfaces having a film layer density ranging from about 0.1 to about 0.5 milligrams per square centimeter. A lubricating oil containing a phosphorus anti-wear agent is used to provide lubrication of the surfaces.

Abstract: Chromate free treatments and compositions for applying a conversion or passivation coating to metal surfaces. Preferred compositions comprise a film forming latex polymer, fluoacid, phosphoric acid, and a polyoxyethylene/oxypropylene block copolymer. The requisite metal surfaces are contacted by the compositions and dried. Rinsing is optional.

Abstract: Rinsing or sealing solutions comprising a rare earth element and a valence stabilizer for barrier films. The treated films contain a rare earth/valence stabilizer complex. The rare earth element is selected from cerium, praseodymium, terbium, or combinations thereof, and at least one rare earth element is in the tetravalent oxidation state. The rinsing or sealing solution may also contain an optional preparative or solubility control agent. The oxidized rare earth element is present in the coating in a “sparingly soluble” form. The valence stabilizers can be either inorganic or organic in nature. A number of rare earth/valence stabilizer combinations that match the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium systems are presented.

Abstract: Electrolysis using a suitable electrolyte provides a completely nonsludging zinc phosphate conversion coating process that produces a high quality conversion coating in a very short time. The suitable electrolyte contains at least water, dissolved nitric acid, and dissolved zinc cations and optionally also contains m chemically distinct species of cations other than zinc and n chemically distinct species of anions other than anions derivable by ionization of phosphoric and nitric acids, each of m and n independently being zero or a positive integer.

Abstract: Conversion coatings comprising a rare earth element and a valence stabilizer combined to form a rare earth/valence stabilizer complex are described for substrate metals. The rare earth element is selected from cerium, praseodymium, terbium, or combinations thereof, and at least one rare earth element is in the tetravalent oxidation state. The coating bath may also contain a preparative or solubility control agent. The oxidized cerium, praseodymium or terbium is present in the coating in a “sparingly soluble” form. The valence stabilizers can be either inorganic or organic in nature. A number of cerium, praseodymium, or terbium/valence stabilizer combinations are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium systems.

Abstract: A method of surface-treating a metal member involves heating, or heating under pressure, the metal member in an aqueous alkaline solution having a pH of 9 or more and containing a manganese compound and a chelating agent dissolved in water, whereby a mold release agent or dirt is removed from the metal member without any pre-cleaning process. The surface treatment forms on the metal member a surface treatment layer providing excellent corrosion resistance. Paint, which adheres well to the surface treatment layer, can provide additional corrosion protection.

Abstract: Chromate-free treatments and compositions, for applying a conversion or passivation coating to zinc coated metal surfaces. The compositions comprise a polyamidoamine/epihalohydrin polymer or cationic polyamine/epihalohydrin polymer component, fluoacid, H3PO4, and a film forming polymer latex component. The requisite metal surfaces are contacted by the compositions and dried. Rinsing is optional.

Abstract: A non-carcinogenic corrosion inhibiting additive includes an anodic corrosion inhibitor and/or a cathodic corrosion inhibitor and a solubility enhancer for the inhibitors in the form of a metal complexing agent.

Abstract: Alkyl-substituted hydroxylamines are useful as aids in the phosphating of metal substrates. In particular, the rate of phosphating and the rate at which manganese compounds are dissolved into aqueous phosphoric acid solutions may be accelerated by alkyl-substituted hydroxylamines.

Abstract: A corrosion-inhibiting pigment comprising a rare earth element and a valence stabilizer combinded to form a rare earth/valence stabilizer complex. The rare earth element is selected from cerium, terbium, praseodymium, or a combination thereof, and at least one rare earth element is in the tetravalent oxidation state. An inorganic or organic material is used to stabilize the tetravalent rare earth ion to form a compound that is sparingly soluble in water. Specific stabilizers are chosen to control the release rate of tetravalent cerium, terbium, or praseodymium during exposure to water and to tailor the compatibility of the powder when used as a pigment in a chosen binder system. Stabilizers may also modify the processing and handling characteristics of the formed powders. Many rare earth-valence stabilizer combinations are presented that can equal the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium systems.

Abstract: Rinsing or sealing solutions based on cobalt are described for barrier films such as anodic coatings, phosphate coatings, or “black oxide” coatings. The treated films contain a trivalent or tetravalent cobalt/valence stabilizer complex. The rinsing or sealing bath may also contain an optional preparative agent or an optional solubility control agent. The oxidized cobalt is present in the coating in a “sparingly soluble” form. The valence stabilizers can be either inorganic or organic in nature. Cobalt/valence stabilizer combinations are chosen based on the well-founded principles of cobalt coordination chemistry. A number of cobalt/valence stabilizer combinations that match the performance of conventional hexavalent chromium systems are presented.

Abstract: A concentrated solution (liquid concentrate) for preparing a surface conditioner, a surface conditioner (a treatment solution for preparing a surface), which have the excellent stability of dispersion and a method of a surface conditioning using this surface conditioner are provided. The concentrated solution for preparing a surface conditioner contains zinc phosphate particles and has a pH of 3 to 12. The zinc phosphate particles are of D50 3 ?m or less and the concentrated solution for preparing a surface conditioner contains a laminar clay mineral.

Abstract: Metallic surfaces are coated with an aqueous, acidic phosphate solution containing 10 to 60 g/l zinc, 0.5 to 40 g/l manganese, 50 to 300 g/l phosphate ions calculated as P2O5, and optionally other components.

Abstract: The present invention provides a black, chrome-free, multilayer corrosion protection finish designed to meet extended corrosion properties. This corrosion-resistant finish is engineered to meet a minimum of 500 salt spray testing hours to white corrosion, and 1500 salt spray testing hours to red corrosion when tested to ASTM B117 standards. It is also designed to comply with the European Union Directive on End of Life Vehicles. This multilayer system is designed for use on automotive body sheet steel, automotive underbody parts, automotive under-hood parts, and some automotive interior parts specifying a gloss requirement greater than 4. This chrome-free, multilayer finish is a combination of a zinc-iron electroplated substrate, a non-electrolytic phosphate crystal conversion layer using orthophosphoric acid, and a Xylan/Teflon fluorocarbon sealer coating to form a three layer total corrosion protection system.

Abstract: An aqueous solution for depositing an inorganic corrosion resistant coating on a metal substrate is disclosed. The aqueous solution comprises a film-forming agent, a supplemental anion, and a substrate activator. The film-forming agent is a vanadate salt that forms the corrosion resistant coating. The supplemental anion accelerates the rate at which the corrosion resistant coating is formed. The substrate activator serves to remove any existing oxides from the metal substrate prior to the formation of the corrosion resistant coating. The present invention additionally covers objects so coated and methods of application.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a coating solution to be applied on the surface of metals or metal alloys, a process for cold forming of metals and metal alloys using said coating solution, and a coated blank made of a metal or a metal alloy.

Abstract: A polymer battery module packaging sheet includes, as essential components, a base layer (61), an aluminum layer (62), chemical conversion coatings (64a, 64b) coating the opposite surfaces of the aluminum layer (62), and an innermost layer (63). The chemical conversion coatings (64a, 64b) are formed by processing the opposite surfaces of the aluminum layer (62) by a phosphate treatment method. The base layer (61) and the innermost layer (63) are bonded to the chemical conversion coatings (64a, 64b) of the aluminum layer (62) with adhesive layers (65a, 65b), respectively.

Abstract: A plating solution containing zinc, an electrically conductive salt, an adsorbent, and at least one of mono- to hexavalent metal ions. A treatment using either a solution which contains, all per liter, 2–60 g Zn, 40–300 g caustic alkali, 0.01–50 g adsorbent, 0.002–10 g Fe, 0.002–10 g Co, 0.05–30 g Mn, 0.001–2 g Cu, 0.005–10 g Ni, 0.002–3 g of at least one chosen from among Mo, W, V, Ti, Al, Ca, Ba, and Sn, and 0.01–30 g aliphatic amine or aliphatic amine polymer or a solution which contains, all per liter, 2–40 g Zn, 40–170 g caustic alkali, 0.01–50 g adsorbent, either 0.001–3 g Fe and 0.001–3 g Co or 0.005–5 g Fe and 0.005–5 g Ni, and 0.01–30 g aliphatic amine or aliphatic amine polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for forming a chromate-free, corrosion resistant coating on a product formed from magnesium or a magnesium alloy and to a solution used for forming the coating. The solution has phosphate and fluoride ions and contains from 1.0 g/l to 5.0 g/l of an active corrosion inhibitor selected from the group consisting potassium permanganate, sodium tungstate, sodium vanadate, and mixtures thereof. The solution may also containing from 0.1 to 1.0 vol % of a surfactant which reduces reaction time. The solution is maintained at a temperature of 120 to 200 degrees Fahrenheit and has a pH of 5 to 7. The process for forming the coating broadly comprises degreasing the magnesium or magnesium alloy product in a degreasing solution, cleaning the product in a highly alkaline cleaning solution, deoxidizing the product in a deoxidizing solution, and immersing the product in the coating solution for a time period of 15 minutes to 90 minutes.

Abstract: A chemically and thermally stable chromate free aqueous liquid treatment for metals, especially aluminum, that imparts corrosion resistance as good as that from conventional chromate containing treatments, contains water and a fluoroacid selected from the group consisting of H2TiF6, H2 ZrF6, H2HfF6, H2SiF6, H2GeF6, H2SnF6, HBF4, and mixtures thereof; a water soluble organic carboxylic acid that contains at least two hydroxyl groups, exclusive of the hydroxyl groups that are part of any carboxyl groups, per carboxyl group in each acid molecule, the water soluble salts of such acids, and mixtures thereof; a source of phosphate ions; and an organic component selected from the group consisting of tannins and amino-phenolic polymers.

Abstract: A method, a composition and a method for making the composition for anodizing metal surfaces, especially magnesium surfaces is disclosed. The composition is a basic aqueous solution including hydroxylamine, phosphate anions and nonionic surfactants. A complementary method, composition and method for making the composition for rendering an anodized metal surface, especially a magnesium surface, conductive is disclosed. The composition is a basic aqueous solution including bivalent nickel, pyrophosphate anions, sodium hypophosphite and either ammonium thiocyanate or lead nitrate.

Abstract: Excellent adhesion to subsequently applied paint or elastomer is obtained by coating a metal substrate with a phosphate conversion coating by contact with a liquid phosphating solution that contains zinc cations, phosphate anions, and at least one adhesion promoter selected from (i) film-forming organic substances, (ii) polymers of vinyl phenols modified by substitution of substituted aminomethyl moieties on their aromatic rings, (iii) inorganic oxides of one of the elements silicon, aluminum, titanium, and zirconium. Preferably, the phosphating solution also contains manganese and nickel cations and either iron cations or hydroxylamine. If adhesion to paint is desired, the adhesion promoter preferably is an acrylic film-forming substance, while if adhesion to elastomers is desired, the adhesion promoter preferably is a polymer of vinyl phenol and the phosphating solution preferably also contains calcium cations.

Abstract: In a starter, a barrel of a one-way clutch fits on an outer circumference of an output shaft. The barrel and the output shaft have spline portions and engage with each other. A chemical conversion coating is formed on at least one of the spline portion of the output shaft and the spline portion of the barrel. Microscopic asperities of a dimension within 10 &mgr;m are formed on the surface of the chemical conversion coating to hold grease applied on the spline portions. The chemical conversion coating is formed by immersing the spline portion in a chemical treatment solution, such as zinc phosphate solution. Alternatively, the asperities can be directly formed on the spline portions.