Abstract: An ultra-black film is disclosed, which essentially consists of a base, a Ni-P alloy layer formed on said base and a phosphate layer formed on said Ni-P layer, the spectral reflectance of said ultra-black film being 0.04 to 0.4%. The invention provides a no reflection optical terminator comprising a cap having a recessed formed in one end surface and containing an ultra-black film on the surface of said recess.

Abstract: Silica products obtained from trivalent metal e.g. Al compounds and silica can be used as corrosion inhibitors or adhesion promoters for organic coatings on surfaces by way of no-rinse or phosphating treatment or as pigments.

Abstract: Silica products obtained from trivalent metal e.g. Al compounds and silica can be used as corrosion inhibitors or adhesion promoters for organic coatings on surfaces by way of no-rinse or phosphating treatment or as pigments.

Abstract: By using an aqueous solution containing a phosphoric acids or phosphate salts together with carboxylic acids containing at least two carboxyl groups per molecule along with conventional mass finishing, a wide variety of metal parts may be simultaneously deburred, cleaned, and provided with a surface with good resistance to corrosion in humid air. The solution used preferably also contains non-ionic surfactant, corrosion inhibitor, and, for use in hard water areas, a water hardness stabilizer.

Abstract: During a method of phosphating a metal surface which includes at least in part iron or steel and is dipped into or flooded with a phosphating solution which contains layer-forming cations and nitrate or equivalent accelerators, the iron content is limited by a precipitation of iron phosphate. A partial volume of the phosphating solution is intermittently withdrawn from the bath tank and in a separate aerator is contacted with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas. The iron phosphate sludge is removed from the resulting solution, which is then returned to the bath tank. The partial volume of the phosphating solution is supplied from below into and is aerated in an aerator, which is provided with an aspirating aerating agitator and which is tapered at least in its lower portion. When the aerator has been terminated, the phosphating solution which has been depleted of iron(II) is sucked off upwardly and is returned to the bath tank.

Abstract: A process for retarding the formation of incrustation on plant parts in contact with phosphating solutions in phosphating plants and where the working phosphating solution immediately after contacting the metal surface to be phosphated and while the solution is at its working temperature is caused to flow to contact an additionally presented solid surface that is disposed outside the region in which the workpiece metal surface and phosphating solution contact each other. The ratio of the second solid surface area which is contacted by the phosphating solution in the phosphating plant to the surface area of the plant parts in contact with the phosphating solution is at least 2.

Abstract: A procedure for the application of PTFE-based, self-lubricating coating on a steel bearing element whose chrome and nickel contents are less than 5%, is disclosed. The procedure is characterized by a working process whereby the element undergoes a preparatory treatment during which crystal nuclei form, followed by phosphatization treatment which forms a microcrystalline layer composed of an iron and manganese compound, then by the application of PTFE on the surface and between the crystals.

Abstract: The process is described for treating the sludge formed in a phosphate conversion bath, and in particular, in zinc phosphate conversion baths to convert the sludge into useful chemical materials thereby eliminating the need for disposal to landfill. The process comprises the steps of(A) recovering the solid by-products from the used phosphating solution;(B) treating the solid by-products with an aqueous base at a pH of greater than 10 to form a first aqueous phase and a metal-containing precipitate;(C) recovering the metal-containing precipitate from the first aqueous phase as a first product of the process;(D) acidifying the first aqueous phase obtained in (C) to a from about 7 to about 10 to form a second aqueous phase and an insoluble metal-containing precipitate;(E) recovering the solid metal-containing precipitate from the second aqueous phase as a second product of the process; and(F) recovering the second aqueous phase as a third product of the invention.

Abstract: An ultra-black film is disclosed, which essentially consists of a base, a Ni-P alloy layer formed on said base and a phosphate layer formed on said Ni-P layer, the spectral reflectance of said ultra-black film being 0.04 to 0.4%. The ultra-black film is obtainable by one of four methods, i.e.

Abstract: An inhibitor composition of sodium hexametaphosphate and a water soluble orthophosphate, together with a pH adjusting, water-soluble alkali, effectively prevents corrosion of metal surfaces by sodium chloride brines. This corrosion inhibitor can be used to prevent corrosion of motor vehicles and steel reinforcing members and structures by brines formed by roadway deicing salt.

Abstract: The development of sludge in phosphating baths is prevented by continuously diverting a partial volume of the baths into a separate device comprising three open chambers: an oxidation chamber where the solution is treated with an O.sub.2 -containing gas to oxidize the iron (II) of the solution of iron (III), which precipitates as phosphate; a conditioning chamber in which the iron (iii) phosphate precipitate formed in the oxidation chamber is agglomerated into a readily sedimented form; and a sedimentation chamber in which the sediment formed in the conditioning chamber is separated from the remaining liquid phosphating solution. This solution is then replenished with phosphate layer-forming components, and the replenished solution is subsequently recycled to the phosphating bath.

Abstract: Silica products obtained from trivalent metal e.g. Al compounds and silica can be used as corrosion inhibitors or adhesion promoters for organic coatings on surfaces by way of no-rinse or phosphating treatment or as pigments.

Abstract: A corrosion-resistant phosphate chemical conversion coating layer is formed on a steel material surface by a process comprising bringing the steel material into contact with a treatment liquid containing mixed anions consisting of phosphate ions and at least one other type of active anions, at least one type of metal ions, and an oxidizing agent, to provide a phosphate chemical conversion coating layer on the surface of the steel material, wherein the ratio (P/An) in weight of the phosphate ions (P) to the total of mixed anions (An) is 1/2 or less and the temperature of the treatment liquid is maintained at a level of 40.degree. C. or less without external heating.