Abstract: Embodiments provide head suspension load beams formed from a sheet of material with one or more stiffening members molded on the sheet. In some cases the sheet material includes an out-of-plane portion extending out at a nonzero angle, and the stiffening member includes a rib formed on the sheet material about the out-of-plane portion of the sheet material. In some cases a void extending through the sheet material connects portions of a stiffening member on opposite surfaces of the sheet material. Ribs of stiffening material may also provide flow pathways for directing moldable material to portions of the sheet, such as for forming a rib about the sheet edge. A method of making a load beam includes placing a sheet material within an injection mold and bending a portion of the sheet material during the molding process.

Abstract: The hydrogen-oxygen generating electrode plate using a carbon nano tube includes a carbon nano tube (CNT); a carbon (C); NiO; NaTaO3; and a catalyst. The method for manufacturing a hydrogen and oxygen generating electrode plate using a carbon nano tube, includes a step S1 for grinding into high-density powders; a step S2 for uniformly mixing carbon nano tube powder, carbon powder, NiO powder, NaTaO3 powder and catalyst and forming a mixture having a high distribution degree; a step S3 for inputting the mixture into a mold and pressing the same and forming a pressing forming object; and a step S4 for plasticity-forming the pressing forming object in a vacuum plasticity furnace.

Abstract: A method for preparing a more reliable connection between two members is provided. The method involves the use of a gas-removal layer which allows for gas transport in a number of overall directions in a plane of the gas-removal layer. The gas-removal layer comprises a resin and during consolidation the gas-removal layer is deformed to form a collection substantially free from entrapped gas voids. In addition, a gas-removal layer is provided as well as a mould for casting of gas-removal layers and a method for preparing such a mould. The method and the gas-removal layer provided are particularly useful for manufacturing of wind turbine blades and spars for such blades.

Abstract: A manufacturing method for making a clamping member of a clipless pedal includes steps of: providing a mold for the clamping member, wherein the mold is formed with a mold cavity; placing a spring-driven adjusting bar into the mold such that at least one part of the spring-driven adjusting bar is positioned in the mold cavity; injecting a material for the clamping member into the mold cavity so that the material is molded in the mold cavity to fixedly incorporate the spring-driven adjusting bar; and removing the molded clamping member from the mold to present the clamping member with the spring-driven adjusting bar to be used in a clipless pedal.

Abstract: A brace rail shield combination for a rail of a ladder having at least one rung having a first portion that has a shape that conforms with an interior cross sectional surface of the rail. The brace rail shield combination includes a second portion that extends from the first portion at a first location to the rung to provide structural support to the rung. The second portion having an attachment portion at a second location spaced apart from the first location that is fixed to the rung. The first portion and the second portion being one continuous piece. A method for using an extension ladder. A method for producing a knee brace rail shield combination.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a melt-processed organic-inorganic hybrid material including the steps of maintaining a solid organic-inorganic hybrid material at a temperature above the melting point but below the decomposition temperature of the organic-inorganic hybrid material for a period of time sufficient to form a uniform melt and thereafter, cooling the uniform melt to an ambient temperature under conditions sufficient to produce the melt-processed organic-inorganic hybrid material.

Abstract: A two-material conveyor belt module and a method for making it. A conveyor belt module comprises a rigid thermoplastic link substrate topped with a high-friction layer made of a resilient material. A dense array of teeth protrudes upward from the link substrate. The resilient material is overmolded onto the link substrate at a temperature high enough to melt the ends of the teeth. The melted ends of the teeth mix with the resilient material to form a bond firmly retaining the high-friction layer atop the substrate.

Abstract: A connector (20) is placed in a first die (50) so that an end of a wall (41) of the connector (20) closely contacts a recess (55) of the first die (50) to define a cutoff (58). The dies then are closed to define a filling space (60C) between a surface (62) of a second die (51) and an outer surface (46) of the wall (41). The outer surface (46) of the wall (41) is inclined moderately upward. Molten resin is directed into the filling space (60C) and presses the inclined outer surface (46) of the wall (41) so that an inner surface (47) of the bottom wall (41) is pressed against the recess (55) of the first die (50) and strongly held in close contact by a component of this pressing force. Thus, molten resin cannot intrude through the cutoff (58).

Abstract: There is described an apparatus for performing the in-mold decoration method with an injection tool (1). The injection tool (1) has a first tool portion (11) having a first mold recess (13) and a second tool portion (12) having a second mold recess (15) corresponding to the first mold recess. The second tool portion (12) has at least one injection passage (12e), wherein a portion of an endless decorative film (16) can be arranged between the first tool portion (11) and the second tool portion (12). The mold recess (13) of the first tool portion (11) has a raised edge region (14) extending in a closed configuration around the mold recess (13) and having an end face (14s) which is flattened or rounded or pointed in cross-section. The second tool portion (12) has a corresponding end face (12s) parallel to the end face (14s) of the raised edge region (14).

Abstract: A housing includes a main body having an interface and a plastic portion molded on the interface. The main body defines a nanostructure in the interface. The nanostructure includes a plurality of regular, repeating units. A pitch between the adjacent units is in the range from 10 nanometers to 500 nanometers. A height of each unit is in the range from 10 nanometers to 100 nanometers. A surface roughness of the nanostructure is in the range from 1 nanometer to 10 nanometers.

Abstract: Incorporation of functional cloth into prepreg composites A combined prepreg material (10) for use in composite lay-up techniques is described. The material (10) comprises first and second layers (12, 18) impregnated with a matrix material such as a resin. The first layer (12) is a functional layer and the second layer (18) is a keying layer. The keying layer (18) comprises a keying medium to facilitate bonding of the combined prepreg material (10) to a gel coat. The functional layer (12) comprises a woven cloth (14). A circuit is provided on a first surface (16) of the cloth (14).

Abstract: A description is given of an adhesive comprising two components, the first component comprising at least two different polymers of which at least one contains carboxyl groups. One of the polymers is selected from polymers which are capable of forming crystalline domains and copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate, and the second polymer is an amorphous polyurethane, the quantitative weight ratio of first polymer to second polymer being from 2:8 to 8:2. The second component comprises at least one silane compound that is reactive toward carboxyl groups. The adhesive can be used to produce film-laminated moldings for automobile construction which feature high resistance to climatic cycling.

Abstract: A plastic-molded automotive interior trim component has a curvilinear finished surface with a relatively flat portion and a relatively curved portion. A decorative film subcomponent has an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein at least the outer surface is pigmented with a desired color of the finished surface. Prior to incorporation into the plastic molded component, the decorative film subcomponent has a shape generally conforming to the curvilinear finished surface and is substantially smooth. A structural backing member is in-mold laminated with the decorative film subcomponent, wherein the structural backing member is formed by injection molding a backing material against the inner surface of the decorative film subcomponent in a mold having a film-receiving surface with a three-dimensional texture that receives the decorative film subcomponent.

Abstract: An earbud (10) for carrying sound from a source (16) to a person's ear canal, includes a soft foam body (20) and a sleeve (26) of stiffer material lying within the body. The body is molded around the sleeve and is chemically bonded to the sleeve without an adhesive between them. The earbud is molded around the sleeve by placing the sleeve on a mandrel pin (42) within a mold cavity (32), placing foamable material in the mold and closing the mold. The mold has shoulders with one mold shoulder (52) that abuts one end (46) of the sleeve and another mold shoulder (60) that lies within 0.1 millimeter of the other sleeve end (62), to prevent foaming material from leaking into the space (64) between the mandrel pin and the sleeve passage.

Abstract: A probe for measurement of water temperature profiles is disclosed herein. In various aspects, the probe may include an electronic assembly and a housing over-molded upon at least portions of the electronic assembly to sealingly enclose the portions of the electronic assembly. The electronic assembly may include a pressure sensor to measure a pressure value indicative of a water depth, and a temperature sensor to measure a water temperature value indicative of a water temperature, a communication interface. Methods of manufacture of the probe are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A shaped body, particularly a sorbent shaped body, made of microporous and mesoporous adsorbents and of composite adsorbents is provided for, which shaped body employs a reduced proportion of binding agents. The binding agent added to the shaped body solidifies under the application of force, under which force non-uniformly distributed cavities are formed. The proportion of binding agent on the support forming the wall of the shaped body is higher than the proportion of binding agent inside the shaped body. By using modified alumosilicates and/or aluminum silicates with fluidic action during materials exchange and heat exchange, the shaped body provides for high space-time yields while storing heat and cold.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing decorative plastic composites having a decorative layer, a backing layer and a clear outer layer which provides exceptional “depth of image” is disclosed. Decorative or protective appliqués' having a wide range of decorative patterns may be formed by injection molding a backing layer behind and a clear outer layer on the top surface of a relatively thin foil, film, fabric, veneer or sheet of paper.

Abstract: A reinforced polymer composite that includes a Class A surface and method of making are disclosed. A reinforced polymer composite comprises a polymeric barrier layer that comprises a barrier layer first surface, a barrier layer second surface, and a plurality of hard segment domains. A reinforced polymer composite also comprises a reinforced polymeric layer covering at least a portion of the barrier layer first surface, wherein the barrier layer second surface exhibits a Class A quality, and wherein the plurality of hard segment domains substantially suppress deformation of the polymeric barrier layer at a molding temperature of the reinforced polymer composite. Optionally, an in-mold coating that has a Class A surface covers at least a portion of the barrier layer second surface.

Abstract: An electronic device case includes: a radiator including an antenna pattern part transmitting or receiving a signal and a connection terminal part allowing the signal to be transmitted to or received from a circuit board of an electronic device; a radiator frame including the radiator injection-molded thereon, separated from the connection terminal part so that the connection part can have elasticity, and having a radiator support protruded from the opposite surface of one surface on which the antenna pattern part is formed; and a case frame covering one surface of the radiator frame to allow the antenna pattern part to be embedded between the case frame and the radiator frame.

Abstract: A housing includes a soft layer, a radiator element, and a main body. The radiator element is combined with the soft layer. The main body is attached to the soft layer, and the radiator element extends from the soft layer and the main body. The radiator element can be protected by the soft layer and the main body. In addition, textured material can be use for the soft layer to enhance appearance of an electronic device using the housing.

Abstract: A radial shaft sealing ring for sealing of a casing part of a motor vehicle engine or gearbox, with a supporting body and a sleeve-type sealing lip connected to the supporting body and bent towards the side to be sealed, which sealing lip lies on an axial length L on the shaft and has a conveying groove in the area of contact with the shaft for conveying of medium back into the volume to be sealed, and which sealing lip has a sufficient bending elasticity to achieve a sufficient contact pressure without the use of additional means, wherein the material of the sealing lip essentially consists of a high temperature cross-linked LSR liquid silicone material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a device, in particular within the aeronautical and aerospace fields, comprising a first and second tool and guide means, which guide the first and second tools in such a way that they press a preliminary fabric arranged in a pressing zone of the device along a second axis as said fabric moves along a first axis through the pressing zone, said second axis being substantially transverse to the first axis, so as to form a consolidated preliminary fabric, the guide means guiding the first and second tools parallel to one another, in part, along the first axis in the pressing zone.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing decorative plastic composites having a decorative layer, a backing layer and a clear outer layer which provides exceptional “depth of image” is disclosed. Decorative or protective appliqués' having a wide range of decorative patterns may be formed by injection molding a backing layer behind and a clear outer layer on the top surface of a decorative layer, the decorative layer comprising a relatively thin metal foil, film, fabric, veneer or sheet of paper having a digital image from an inkjet printer deposited on a front surface thereof. In one exemplary embodiment, the appearance of a wood veneer may be modified by digitally printing a burl pattern over the wood grain surface of the veneer prior to injection molding.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a concrete platform to which an object to be supported is fixed, including: a step of forming form having a pair of concrete side walls and a concrete bottom slab that connects the pair of side walls (S2); a step of setting the form on a plurality of piers (S3); and a step of pouring concrete into the form that is set on the plurality of piers (S6).

Abstract: The present invention relates to lightweight components of hybrid design, also termed hybrid component or hollow-chamber lightweight component, composed of a parent body which is composed of surface-pretreated aluminium and which is reinforced by means of thermoplastics and is suitable for the transmission of high mechanical loads, where particular flow aids are added to the thermoplastic in order to improve its physical properties.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing decorative plastic composites having a decorative layer, a backing layer and a clear outer layer which provides exceptional “depth of image” is disclosed. Decorative or protective appliqués' having a wide range of decorative patterns may be formed by injection molding a backing layer behind and a clear outer layer on the top surface of a thin foil, film, fabric or veneer.

Abstract: A resin coated piston manufacturing apparatus for a shock absorber is provided with a means for pressing a piston raw material to a resin sheet until the resin sheet is locked to a resin sheet locking annular groove of the piston raw material in such a manner as to be capable of reciprocating on a center axis of a set mold. The apparatus having an aligning guide mateable with an inner diameter of the piston raw material set to a piston set hole of the set mold. The aligning guide presses the piston raw material to the resin sheet so as to lock the resin sheet to the resin sheet locking annular groove of the piston raw material, and can press the piston raw material to which the resin sheet is locked, to a heating and cooling cylinder apparatus.

Abstract: A method of forming a panel is disclosed. The method comprises forming a flexible skin; coupling a compressible material to the skin; providing a stitching to the skin and compressible material combination; then positioning the skin and compressible material in a mold; and forming a rigid substrate around the skin and compressible material and a portion of the stitching for providing a first soft region wherein the compressible material is disposed between the skin and the substrate so that a first soft region is defined by the compressible material.

Abstract: The present invention is related to spinal stabilization devices. More particularly, this invention relates to devices for addressing back pain originating in the facet joints and the spinous processes of the vertebrae. One embodiment of the present invention includes a substantially T-shaped facet implant for insertion between the facets of two successive vertebrae after a desired amount of the articulating surfaces have been resected. The long and flat portion of the T-shaped facet implant is inserted in between the facets and then the wings of the T-shape, also called fixation tabs, are secured to the spine to secure the facet implant into place. The T-shape implant may also be a part of a spinal stabilization system that includes a facet implant, a spinous process spacer, and a flexible connecting member securing the same.

Abstract: In a moulding process for producing automobile parts, the female part (1) of a two part mould is sprayed with a metal such as stainless steel, tin, nickel-tin, copper or zinc. A thermal expansion compensation layer (3) is laid on the sprayed mould surface (1) and a layer of a resin impregnated fibrous material is applied thereto. The resultant assembly is cured and then removed from the female part of the mould or removed from the mould and then cured. The metal surface (2) of the composite part may be subject to further treatment such as polishing, coating and painting, or a combination of these. “Windows” may be produced by leaving areas of the mould part unsprayed with metal. In this way panels for lights, aerials or proximity sensors may be integrally formed.

Abstract: Methods for manufacturing reinforced tubing suitable for medical device applications are disclosed. An inner layer is molded around a core to define an inner surface adjacent to the core and an outer surface opposite the inner surface. The outer surface includes one or more recessed pathways defined therein. A reinforcement member is then formed in each of the one or more recessed pathways of the molded inner layer. An outer layer including an inner surface and an outer surface is subsequently molded over the inner layer and the reinforcement member. The inner surface of the outer layer substantially conforms to the outer surface of the inner layer and the reinforcement member. The core is then removed from within the inner layer to provide a lumen through the inner layer.

Abstract: The current invention relates to an endoscope having a distal end being arranged to be inserted into a body cavity of a patient to be examined and a proximal end which is arranged to be held by the user of the endoscope. The endoscope further comprises a control handle arranged at the proximal end of the endoscope and an insertion portion arranged at the distal end of the control handle. The insertion portion comprises a camera housing arranged at the distal end of the insertion portion, said camera housing being a moulded component comprising an outer surface, a camera device embedded in the material of the camera housing, a light source embedded in the material of the camera housing, an opening at the distal end of the camera housing, and a channel in fluid communication with said opening and where the outer surface of the camera housing and the inner surface of the channel are two surfaces of the moulded camera housing.

Abstract: A single-piece fastener includes a relatively hard clip and a relatively soft seal. The seal can be overmolded onto the clip. A thermal bond is formed between the seal and the clip to inhibit removal of the seal from the clip. The flexible nature of the umbrella of the clip and the seal can accommodate sealing openings in panels of varying thicknesses.

Abstract: The invention relates to an article (1) produced by the two-component injection-moulding process. To improve further an article of the type in question, in a way that is technically simple in production terms, with regard to the visual design and/or with regard to security or identification features that are to be provided, it is proposed that an insert (7) is arranged in the parting surface (6) between the components, or that one of the layers (2, 3) is provided with an imprint in the parting surface (6), or that one of the layers (2, 3) has a formation similar to an engraving in the region of the parting surface (6).

Abstract: A semiaromatic polyamide composite article comprising a first component comprising a fiber-reinforced material comprising a polyamide composition and reinforcing fibers and having a tensile modulus of at least about 16 GPa as measured by ISO method 527-2:1993 at a rate of 5 mm/min on test specimens having a thickness of 4 mm, a second component comprising a polyamide composition, and an optional tie layer therebetween. The polyamide composition of first component and/or the second component is a semiaromatic polyamide compositions. The second component is prepared by injection molding and/or injection-compression molding the semiaromatic polyamide composition onto the first component.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of forming a vessel is disclosed, wherein a plurality of bosses are disposed in a pattern die having a die cavity with a desired shape, a material is extruded through the mold, the material is blow molded to take the shape of the cavity, and the bosses are adhered to the material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an air mat that reduces the number of manufacturing processes by means of rotational molding, while preventing the generation of defective products, to a device for molding an air mat, and to an air mat manufactured and molded by the method and device. In a method for manufacturing an air mat formed in such a manner as to integrally couple a cushion part having a plurality of air bags arranged therein for containing air at the insides thereof with a plate-shaped lower sheet disposed on the lower surface of the cushion part, the method includes the steps of: preparing a lower mold having a plurality of air bag molding recesses having given depths arranged at given intervals thereon, for molding the cushion part of the air mat.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a multilayer, biaxially oriented polyolefin film comprising at least five layers as the label in deep drawing, which film is constructed from the following layers I the base layer is free from vacuoles, and IIa the outer intermediate layer is free from vacuoles and contains at least 95% by weight propylene polymer, which polymer has a propylene content of 98 to 100% by weight relative to the propylene polymer, and IIIa printing may be applied to the outer cover layer, and IIb the inner intermediate layer is constructed essentially from propylene polymer and contains vacuoles, and IIIb the inner cover layer is applied to the surface of the inner intermediate layer and is a sealable cover layer, and is a sealable cover layer, and has a sealing initiation temperature <130° C.

Abstract: In a chucking device, a rolling guide portion is arranged below an upper cover portion of a rotor holder and radially inwards of a cylinder portion of the rotor holder. This helps restrain the noises generated by the rolling movement of balls from propagating to the outside. Moreover, the turntable and the rolling guide portion are formed of a single resin member extending continuously through a through-hole defined in the rotor holder.

Abstract: A method of making a molded part, including forming a liquid aggregate from a mixture of ground aggregate and a fluid. A fungal inoculum and the liquid aggregate are injected into a first mold cavity. The first mold cavity is sealed against a second mold cavity. Live mycelium is grown from the fungal inoculum to fill the first and second mold cavities. The live mycelium is cured to terminate further growth and develop a formed substrate.

Abstract: A bottom 6 is disposed on a lower end portion of a body 2 made of a film having barrier properties against gases. The bottom 6 is composed of a shield 7 and a reinforcement 8. The shield 7 is formed from a film having barrier properties against gases. A lower end opening of the body 2 is closed by welding an outer circumferential surface of a short cylindrical part 7A of the shield 7 to an inner circumferential surface of the body 2. An outer circumferential surface of the reinforcement 8 is welded to an inner circumferential surface of the short cylindrical part 7A. The lower end portion of the body 2 is maintained in a predetermined shape by the reinforcement 8.

Abstract: In a method for producing a molded article having a resin part, the resin part is injection-molded to an opening of a main body part and the molded article has an excellent air-tightness between the resin part and the main body part. A foam sealant is attached to a peripheral portion around the opening of the main body part. Attached to the main body part is a retainer made of the same kind of resin as injected resin and adapted to keep the foam sealant compressed in its thickness direction. The main body part is placed within a mold so that the retainer is exposed inside a cavity of the mold. A molten resin is injected into the cavity of the mold. The injected resin and the retainer are integrated into the resin part.

Abstract: A bulk storage container includes a tank with a “full drain” outlet, and a coupler attached to the outlet, in which the full drain outlet and coupler utilize a metal-on-metal threaded connection to create a fluid-tight seal therebetween. The polymer coupler includes a metal insert with internal threads, and the tank includes a metal insert with external threads corresponding to the internal threads of the coupler insert. The metal inserts are integrally molded within the walls of the tank and coupler, respectively. Advantageously, the threaded metal inserts provide a rigid structural connection between the tank and coupler that is highly durable and leak resistant. In addition to the threaded fluid-tight seal, a shoulder of the coupler abuts a corresponding face formed on the tank, with a gasket between the shoulder and face to provide a secondary seal.

Abstract: A domestic appliance includes a pump that establishes and directs a flow of washing fluid into a tub during a washing operation. The pump includes a pump housing having a rigid main body portion that defines an inlet section and an outlet section, as well as a plurality of resilient members that are over-molded onto the inlet and outlet sections. The rigid main body portion includes a mounting element for supporting the pump. An insulation grommet is positioned in the mounting element to minimize any transfer of vibration from the pump to the appliance. The inlet nipple, outlet nipple and insulation grommet are joined through a plurality of web members. The rigid main body also includes a secondary outlet section that is adapted to directly receive a hose or is connected to a hose through a secondary outlet nipple.

Abstract: A foil-decorating injection molding apparatus having a male mold, a female mold, a transport chuck for feeding a decorative sheet S between the male mold and the female mold, and a clamper for pressing and fastening the decorative sheet onto a parting surface of the female mold. The transport chuck consists of two clamping devices each clamping a side edge of the decorative sheet. The clamper consists of a pressing frame and a connecting member. When the pressing frame is in abutment with the female mold, a space is provided between the connecting member and the female mold in which the clamping devices can pass through. After the decorative sheet is fed by the clamping chuck, the sheet can be fastened by the clamper without waiting until the chuck is brought back to an initial standby position, thereby reducing the manufacturing time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cogged belt for conveying articles and/or for power transmission, and a method and an apparatus for realisation thereof. The cogged belt (30, 50) comprises: a prefabricated belt (8) comprising a textile or a meshed net; and a covering (26) made of a thermoplastic or heat-hardening material fixed in a single body by fusion to the prefabricated belt (8) and substantially entirely covering a side of the prefabricated belt (8), the covering (26) forming a cogged profile (43). The cogged belt (30, 50) can further comprise at least a cord-shaped reinforcing core (61) at least partially incorporated in the covering (26).

Abstract: The invention involves an electrofusion pipe fitting. The fitting has a body having a pipe-receiving aperture. An electric heating element surrounds the aperture. The fitting has a thermochromic indicator at an axial end.

Abstract: Tools for the forming of composite parts from composite forming materials, having tool bodies that comprise, at least in part, carbon foam and high density carbon foam are described. In some embodiments, a surface of the carbon foam or high density carbon foam may comprise a tool face. In other embodiments, the carbon foam or high density carbon foam may support an other material, referred to as tool face material, wherein a surface of the tool face material may comprise a tool face. The tools of the present invention may be lighter, more durable, and less costly to produce and/or use than conventional tools used for the production of composite parts, particularly those tools used for the production of carbon composites. Additionally, such tools may be reusable, repairable, and more readily modifiable.

Abstract: An assembly including a polymeric member and a unitary metal casting wherein the metal casting relatively moveably captures the polymeric member on the metal casting. The assembly can be adapted for use as a crank arm in a transmission shift mechanism. In some embodiments of the assembly, the polymeric member includes an opening defining a rotational axis of said polymeric member. The metal casting extends into the opening and includes at least one enlarged diameter portion with the polymeric member being rotationally disposed on the metal casting and axially captured on the metal casting by the at least one enlarged diameter portion of the metal casting. A method of manufacture is also disclosed.

Abstract: A structure comprising a composite laminate having an edge; and an impact indicator which is carried by the edge and comprises a resin which fractures upon impact. The fracture provides permanent visible evidence of impact damage, for instance by cracking or by one or more pieces breaking off from the impact indicator. As well as providing such visible evidence of impact damage, the impact indicator may also provide an element of impact protection. Typically the impact indicator is formed from a resin which is more brittle and less strong than the material forming the composite laminate. For instance the material forming the composite laminate may be reinforced, and the resin forming the impact indicator may be un-reinforced.