Abstract: Disclosed is a transflective liquid crystal display having a high opening ratio and a single cell gap structure, which includes first and second substrates arranged opposite each other and respectively having reflective and transmissive regions; an opposite direction reflector disposed on the first substrate for reflecting introduced light to the transmissive regions; a color filter formed on the first substrate; transparent electrodes formed on the color filter; a lower polarization plate attached on the first substrate; common electrodes formed on the second substrate; an upper polarization plate attached on the second substrate; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates, wherein the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the reflective region includes a fixing retardation area in which introduced light is always subjected to a constant phase difference.

Abstract: A light path shift device is disclosed that is able to divide an effective region of a light path and drive the divided regions independently. The light path shift device includes a liquid crystal layer held between at least two opposite transparent substrates, the liquid crystal layer being homeotropically aligned and being able to form a chiral smectic C phase; and plural electrodes for applying an electric field in the liquid crystal layer in a horizontal direction. An effective region of the liquid crystal layer through which a light path passes is divided into plural sub-regions, plural light path shift elements with the electrodes formed thereon are stacked only at positions corresponding to the sub-regions, and are arranged so that boundary lines of the sub-regions are in agreement when being viewed along the direction of light propagation.

Abstract: A transflective liquid crystal display module is provided. The transflective LCD includes a backlight unit for providing a light, an active matrix substrate, an opposite substrate with an internal reflector disposed between the active matrix substrate and the backlight unit, an optical film disposed on the opposite substrate, and a liquid crystal layer filled between the active matrix substrate and the optical film. In the transflective LCD of the present invention, the light provided by the backlight unit is reflected back by the internal reflector such that the light provided by the backlight unit can be recycled. Furthermore, a flat panel display device and an electronic apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: A display element comprises: a pair of substrates disposed opposite to each other; a liquid crystal enclosed between the pair of substrates; a wall structure which is formed to surround a pixel region and which is in contact with both of the pair of substrates; and an opening section which is an opening provided in a part of the wall structure to allow the liquid crustal to flow out of the pixel region.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate which is disposed to face the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer which is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode which are formed on the first substrate, and a protrusion which is disposed under one of the first electrode and the second electrode, the liquid crystal layer having an isotropic state when there is no applied electric field, and an anisotropic state when an electric field is applied.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thin film transistor array panel. The panel includes a plurality of pixels arranged in the form of a matrix each with a pixel electrode and a switching element connected to the pixel electrode, and a plurality of gate lines connected to the switching elements and extending in the row direction. A pair of the gate lines are connected to pixels in each pixel row. A plurality of data lines are connected to the switching elements, and elongated in the column direction. Each data line is provided between two columns of the pixels. The respective data lines are horizontally bent between the two adjacent gate lines, and vertically extend between the two pixel rows.

Abstract: In an LED package, LED chips are connected in parallel by wires between lead frames connected to terminals. When an open circuit failure such as the coming off of the wire occurs in one of the LED chips in the LED package that is being energized, a current twice as high as that flowing through the other LED chip prior to the open circuit failure is passed through the other LED chip, and thus the amount of light emitted therefrom is increased about two-fold. Consequently, the amount of light emitted from the LED package does not change significantly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bistable reflective display comprising a water-swellable, electrically modulated imaging layer, a conductive layer comprising an electronically conductive polymer and a barrier layer therebetween and a method for making the same.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and microcapsules sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, the microcapsules constituting a display area, the microcapsules encapsulating a display material whose optical properties change in response to electrical stimulation. A conductive material for conducting between the substrates is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate to constitute a vertically conducting portion. The thickness of the conductive material is set such that the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate at the vertically conducting portion is larger than the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate in the display area.

Abstract: A bezel-less video display that includes a liquid-crystal display panel, a sheet in front of the liquid-crystal display panel, and an optically transparent material which fills the volume between the display panel and the sheet. The sheet has an antiglare coating which has a gloss level less than 50 gloss units at 60 degrees angle of incidence. The antiglare coating also has a transmissive resolution of at least 10 cycles/mm.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (“LCD”) includes a data interconnection line including a data line, a source electrode as a branch of the data line, and a drain electrode formed spaced apart from the source electrode, a semiconductor layer formed under the data interconnection line and connected to the source electrode and the drain electrode below the source electrode and the drain electrode and forming a channel region, and a gate interconnection line formed under the semiconductor layer and including a gate line intersecting the data line, the gate line extending in a first direction and the data line extending in a second direction, and a gate electrode branched from the gate line, wherein the gate line includes a first recess having a first width and a first length.

Abstract: A transmissive liquid crystal display device comprises at least a backlight, a polarizer, a first optically anisotropic layer with a retardation of 50 to 140 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, a second optically anisotropic layer with negative retardation, a homogeneously oriented liquid crystal cell comprising upper and lower substrates facing each other and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the upper and lower substrates, a third optically anisotropic layer with a retardation of 130 to 210 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm; and a polarizer, arranged in piles in this order from the backlight, the first optically anisotropic layer comprising at least a liquid crystal film with a fixed nematic hybrid liquid crystal orientation structure, and is less in display characteristic variation, bright in display, high in contrast, and less in viewing angle dependence.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device and method for addressing a defective pixel of the liquid crystal display (LCD) device, are discussed. According to an embodiment, the method includes forming a black resin film on at least one LCD panel; operating the LCD panel to selectively harden a portion of the black resin film corresponding to a spot where a defective pixel is present; and removing the black resin film, except for the hardened portion of the black resin film.

Abstract: The display device substrate according to the present invention is arranged so that: a source line is provided on an area on which a pixel electrode is not provided, and a gap is provided between the source line and the pixel electrode, and a black matrix (light shielding film) which covers a surface of the source line overlaps with the pixel electrode. Thus, it is possible to prevent parasitic capacitance (Csd) between the pixel electrode and the source line from becoming uneven in a display area, so that it is possible to reduce display unevenness of a liquid crystal display device using the present display device substrate.

Abstract: An array substrate includes storage lines, a first pixel portion, a second pixel portion, a third pixel portion and a fourth pixel portion. The storage lines divide a region into a first pixel area, a second pixel area, a third pixel area and a fourth pixel area. Two gate lines and two data lines define the region. The two gate lines are adjacent and substantially parallel to each other. The two data lines are adjacent and substantially parallel to each other. The first, second, third and fourth pixel portions are formed in the first, second, third and fourth pixel areas, respectively.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an array substrate for a liquid crystal display device includes forming a gate line, a gate pad, a gate electrode, and a data pad on a substrate through a first mask process, forming a gate insulating layer on a substantial part of an entire surface of the substrate including the gate line, the gate pad, the gate electrode, and the data pad, forming a data line, a source-drain pattern and an active layer on the gate insulating layer and forming a gate pad contact hole and a data pad contact hole in the gate insulating layer through a second mask process, and forming a pixel electrode, a gate pad terminal, a data pad terminal, a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an ohmic contact layer through a third mask process.

Abstract: A photovoltaic cell has two electrodes and a hole injection layer. A liquid crystal material and a plurality of particles can be disposed between the electrodes.

Abstract: A tape carrier package includes: a flexible substrate having an end portion that is formed with two recesses spaced apart from each other; a plurality of conductive leads provided on the flexible substrate in a manner to form a pin-like contact array on the end portion of the flexible substrate between the recesses in the end portion of the flexible substrate; and an integrated circuit provided on the flexible substrate and coupled to the conductive leads. A liquid crystal display panel includes: a panel body having a contact region; a driver printed circuit board; and a plurality of the aforesaid tape carrier packages. The pin-like contact array of the conductive leads on the end portion of the flexible substrate is connected to the contact region of the panel body and the driver printed circuit board.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display apparatus which comprises two liquid crystal display stacked one on top of the other, and which is switchable between two states, a state in which only the viewer-side liquid crystal panel is operated and a state in which only the other liquid crystal panel is operated. More specifically, a liquid crystal display apparatus according to the present invention includes a first liquid crystal display and a second liquid crystal display disposed above the first liquid crystal display with the viewing side of each of the displays facing upward, wherein the first liquid crystal display has at least one viewing mode, a transmissive mode or a reflective mode, and the second liquid crystal display has at least one viewing mode, the transmissive mode or the reflective mode, and wherein the maximum power consumption of the second liquid crystal display is smaller than that of the first liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a thin film pattern on a substrate, includes the steps of: forming a concave part on the substrate that conforms to the thin film pattern; and applying a function liquid into the concave part.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes: a substrate; a plurality of wiring lines which is formed on the substrate; and an IC which is mounted on the substrate so as to be electrically connected to the plurality of wiring lines. At least a pair of wiring lines among the plurality of wiring lines include a first conductive layer formed on the substrate and a second conductive layer formed on at least the first conductive layer. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer have different resistance values. The first conductive layer of one of the pair of wiring lines has a plurality of first resistors each extending toward the other wiring line, and the second conductive layer of the other wiring line has a second resistor extending toward the one wiring line. The plurality of first resistors is connected to the second resistor.

Abstract: Provided are an aberration-compensating liquid crystal device, a method of manufacturing the same, an optical pickup including the liquid crystal device, and an optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus employing the optical pickup. The method of manufacturing an aberration-compensating liquid crystal device comprises: positioning a gray scale mask having an absorption rate distribution corresponding to that of aberrations to be corrected on a liquid crystal cell containing a mixture of liquid crystals and monomers injected between a pair of transparent substrates; and irradiating the liquid crystal cell on which the gray scale mask has been positioned with UV light so that the monomers undergo photopolymerization into polymer and phase separation into a polymer-existing region and a liquid crystal-existing region, thereby forming a liquid crystal layer having a phase difference distribution corresponding to that of aberrations to be corrected.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT) array panel is provided, which includes: a plurality of gate lines transmitting gate signals; a plurality of data lines intersecting the gate lines and transmitting data signals, each data line including first and second data line branches electrically connected to each other and spaced apart from each other; a plurality of pixel electrodes electrically connected to the gate lines and the data lines through thin film transistor and covering edges of the first or the second data line branches; a passivation layer disposed between the data lines and the pixel electrodes; and a light blocking member covering gaps between the first data line branches and the second data line branches.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a liquid crystal cell; a first polarizer arranged on one side of the liquid crystal cell; a second polarizer arranged on another side of the liquid crystal cell; a positive A plate and a positive C plate arranged between the liquid crystal cell and the first polarizer; and an isotropic optical element arranged between the liquid crystal cell and the second polarizer, wherein the positive A plate is arranged between the first polarizer and the positive C plate.

Abstract: A method of patterning a transparent conductive film adaptive for selectively etching a transparent conductive film without any mask processes, a thin film transistor for a display device using the same and a fabricating method thereof are disclosed. In the method of patterning the transparent conductive film, an inorganic material substrate is prepared. An organic material pattern is formed at a desired area of the inorganic material substrate. A thin film having a different crystallization rate depending upon said inorganic material and said organic material is formed. The thin film is selectively etched in accordance with said crystallization rate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a display pixel, and a viewing angle control pixel. The liquid crystal layer is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate. The display pixels and the viewing angle control pixels are arranged in a planar region of the first substrate and second substrate to form a display area. Each of the display pixels and each of the viewing angle control pixels each drive the liquid crystal layer by electric field generated between a first electrode and a second electrode. In each of the viewing angle control pixels, a direction of a plane along which electric field is generated between the first electrode and the second electrode is substantially parallel to an initial alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal layer disposed between substrates opposing each other. A pixel of the liquid crystal display is alignment-divided into a plurality of sub-pixels. A dielectric member is provided on a connection portion where the sub-pixels are electrically connected.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal display device including a plurality of pixels each having a reflecting section and a transmitting section, the pixels each including a plurality of sub-pixels resulting from alignment division, the liquid crystal display device including: an element layer formed on a substrate; an insulating film formed on the substrate so as to cover the element layer; a pixel electrode formed on the insulating film so as to be connected to the element layer; a gap adjusting layer formed on the insulating film on the element layer including a region of connection between the element layer and the pixel electrode; and a dielectric formed on a connecting part for making an electric connection between the sub-pixels.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element which improve aperture ratio of a panel while maintaining good response characteristics against voltage in VA mode using liquid crystal having negative dielectric constant anisotropy. The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display element includes steps of: sealing, between a couple of substrates facing each other with electrodes formed thereon, a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules having a negative dielectric constant anisotropy and a curing material; applying a magnetic field to the liquid crystal layer sealed between the couple of substrates, in a direction to form a predetermined angle with respect to a line normal to the substrates; and curing the curing material after applying the magnetic field.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel includes a line extending between a first pixel and a second pixel which are adjacent to each other; a first pixel element portion for the first pixel; and a second pixel element portion for the second pixel. The first pixel element portion is provided on a side with respect to the line where the first pixel is disposed. The second pixel element portion is provided, along with the first pixel element portion, on the side with respect to the line where the first pixel is disposed.

Abstract: An electron emission device and a display device having the electron emission device are provided. The electron emission device includes a plurality of driving electrodes located on a substrate and a plurality of electron emission regions electrically coupled to the driving electrodes. Each of the driving electrodes includes a first metal layer, a second metal layer, and a third metal layer. Here, the following condition is satisfied: T3/T1?1.0, where T1 is a thickness of the first metal layer and T3 is a thickness of the third metal layer.

Abstract: A bistable liquid crystal device having liquid crystal molecules in one or more cavities, at least one liquid crystal region of high distortion being formed in each cavity, these region(s) being switchable between bistable states on application of an electric field. Each cavity may have a polygon cross-section such as a square cross-section.

Abstract: A display system comprises an electro-optic layer having first and second opposite major surfaces, a first electrode proximate the first surface of the electro-optic layer, and an electrode array. The electrode array includes a first plurality of pixel electrodes operatively coupled to the electro-optic layer proximate it's second surface and is separated from the first electrode by a first optical path length. The electrode array also includes a second plurality of pixel electrodes operatively coupled to the electro-optic layer proximate it's second surface and is separated from the first electrode by a second optical path length. The first and second pluralities of pixel electrodes form an irregular pattern.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display device which, in a region on which a semiconductor chip is mounted, can narrow the distance between neighboring line layers and, at the same time, can increase an area of terminals which are connected with bump electrodes of the semiconductor chip.

Abstract: The invention provides an image shifting device including at least one image shifting part for periodically shifting the position of an optical axis. The image shifting part includes a liquid crystal device 10 for switching a polarization direction of light between two orthogonal directions in accordance with High/Low level of an applied voltage, and a birefringent device 11 having different refractive indexes depending upon the polarization direction of the light. The liquid crystal device 10 and the birefringent device 11 are disposed to transmit light in this order. A liquid crystal layer included in the liquid crystal device 10 is made of a TN liquid crystal layer that satisfies a relationship formula of 0.25<d/p<1, wherein a natural pitch length is indicated by p and a cell gap is indicated by d, and is disposed to be twisted at 90° within the liquid crystal cell.

Abstract: A method of coloring a plurality of cells using a predetermined fill-color, the cells occupying a region in a grid of cells thereby defining a plurality of region-cells, the method comprising: (a) dividing the grid into a plurality of elementary-regions, each comprising at least one cell; (b) visiting one elementary-region at a time and determining, for each cell of the elementary-region, whether the cell is a region-cell; (c) writing color data in at least one region-cell of each elementary-region using a color selected from a color-space so as to store information in the elementary-region, the information directing a backtracking path in the region, thereby providing a mapped elementary-region; and (d) using the information for visiting all the mapped elementary-regions along the backtracking path and for writing color data using the fill-color in each region-cell of each of the mapped elementary-region along the backtracking path; thereby coloring all the region-cells by the fill-color.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a liquid crystal display which can reproduce images in a uniform manner. In a liquid crystal display which adopts an area ratio gray scale and includes pixels each having a plurality of sub-pixels, the sub-pixel includes a sub-pixel electrode and two TFTs, and is connected to a common line to which a predetermined voltage is applied. To the source electrode and drain electrode of one TFT, the drain electrode of the other TFT and the sub-pixel electrode are connected, respectively. To the source electrode of the other TFT, either a scanning signal line or a data signal line is connected. Meanwhile, to the gate electrode of said one TFT, either the scanning signal line or the data signal line which is not connected to the gate electrode of the other TFT is connected.

Abstract: An electro-optical device is provided comprising an electro-optical material and means for applying an electric field to the electro-optical material, in which a plurality of pixel regions DR, DG and DB capable of separately controlling optical states of the electro-optical material are arranged and each pixel region is provided with a light transmitting portion (an aperture portion (212aR, 212aG, and 212aB)) and a light reflecting portion (a reflective surface (212R, 212G, and 212B)). At adjacent pixel regions that are arranged in a predetermined direction, end edges Ea and Eb of each of the light transmitting portions orthogonal to the predetermined arrangement direction are aligned with each other.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electro-optical device having a curved display surface with high reliability is provided. A liquid crystal panel 100 comprising a TFT array substrate 10 and a counter substrate 20, each composed of a glass substrate or a quartz substrate, is thinned down to, for example, a thickness of 25 ?m by a polishing process or an etching process. Subsequently, a first polarizing plate 140, first spacers 260, the liquid crystal panel 100, second spacers 270, and a second polarizing plate 150 are superposed on a base 210 having a curved surface 220 in this order, and then the outer circumference of the second polarizing plate 150 is pressed against the base 210 while curving the second polarizing plate 150 along the curved surface 220 of the base 210. Then, in order to maintain such a curved state, the second polarizing plate 150 is fixed to the base 210 by a double-faced tape 280.

Abstract: An active matrix display device comprises an array of picture elements, e.g. liquid crystal picture elements, first and second sets of address conductors (16, 18) extending in row and column directions respectively and connected with the picture elements, and a set of connection conductor lines (30?) extending in the same direction as one set of address conductors (18), each of which is connected to a respective one of the other set of conductors (16), and via which address signals are supplied to that other set. To avoid unwanted display artefacts, each connection conductor line (30?) extends from one side of the array and terminates adjacent its connection point (32) to its associated address conductor (16) and a respective complementary conductor line (30?) is provided which extends from close to the connection point (32) to the opposite side of the array, the complementary conductor line being electrically separate from the connection line (30?) and coupled to reference signal supply (40).

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device that prevents corrosion of a signal line in the device, a plurality of signal lines are provided at the inner side of a cutting line on a substrate. A shorting bar is provided at the outer side of the cutting line. A connection line connects the signal lines to the shorting bar in such a manner to cross the cutting line. Thus, the signal line is connected to the shorting bar with the aid of the connection line formed from a transparent conductive material at an area corresponding to the cutting line of a lower substrate. The connection line is exposed when the lower substrate is cut along the cutting line, so that corrosion of the signal line can be prevented.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an identification mark portion and fabricating method thereof, more particularly, to an identification mark portion introduced in a liquid crystal display panel and a fabricating method thereof, which minimizes the error in verifying an ID of a pad by preventing at least two insulating layers from overlapping each other over the upper part of the pad. The present invention includes an insulating substrate, an ID mark pad including an ID mark on the insulating substrate, and a first insulating layer and a second insulating layer on the insulating substrate wherein the first and second insulating layers expose the ID mark in the ID mark pad. In another aspect, the present invention includes the steps of forming an ID mark pad including an ID mark on an insulating substrate, and forming a first and a second insulating layer which expose the ID mark in the ID mark pad.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a liquid crystal panel including first and second substrates, and a liquid crystal layer filled with liquid crystals between the first and second substrates, a backlight module irradiating light on the liquid crystal panel, a driver controlling the liquid crystals to adjust an amount of light transmission, and a second common electrode formed on at least one of the first and second substrates, the second common electrode having a characteristic of a high heat emitting resistance.

Abstract: A portable electronic apparatus has a thin film-type display member and a holding mechanism for holding the film-type display member 50 in a curved state. The holding mechanism has a first holding member having a recessed portion receiving the thin film-type display member and a second holding member engaged with the first holding member to hold the thin film-type display member in the recessed portion of the first holding member in a curved state. A case has a recessed portion and a locking member for locking the holding mechanism in the recessed portion of the case to hold the thin film-type display member in the curved state.

Abstract: In the transparent film of optical application or the support for photographic material produced by a solution film forming method, the polymer resin film on which any coating unevenness does not occur even when a functional layer is coated on the film surface and the manufacturing method for the film are proposed. To be concrete, a polymer resin film produced by the solution film forming method characterized by that the pitch a [cm] of the periodic thickness unevenness of web longitudinal direction and a thickness unevenness factor d [%] satisfy formula (1) described below. d?0.46a3?0.91a2+0.60a+1.01??(1) (on the premise that 0.2<a<3) The manufacturing method using said formula is also proposed.

Abstract: A conduction inhibitor including an epoxy resin or the like is mixed into a liquid crystal material. Specifically, the conduction inhibitor is formed by a bisphenol F epoxy resin, and mixing proportion is set to 0.1 wt % to 10 wt %. When such a conduction inhibitor is mixed, electrical conduction caused by ions due to an impurity or the like existing in the liquid crystal material can be suppressed, thereby maintaining a voltage holding ratio high when a liquid crystal display cell and a liquid crystal display are structured by using the liquid crystal material.

Abstract: An LCD panel fixing structure for fixing and holding an LCD panel has a first holding member, which holds the LCD panel and a second holding member, which holds the LCD panel, the LCD panel being housed, fixed, and held between the first and second holding members, thereby increasing the degree of design freedom.

Abstract: Thin film structures include electro-optic materials and transparent conducting materials which are combined to fabricate vertical optical devices. The electro-optic materials are responsive to an electric field to change an optical characteristic. For example, a modulator can be fabricated by making a dielectric mirror from such materials by alternating the electro-optic material with the transparent conducting material. The mirror reflection band can then be tuned by applying an electric field between the transparent conducting layers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) exhibiting enhanced optical viewing performance. In a preferred embodiment, the LCD comprises a liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal display panel comprising a pair of transparent substrates, liquid crystal material sandwiched between the transparent substrates and transparent electrodes positioned between the liquid crystal material and the transparent substrates. The LCD also comprises a rear polarizer assembly comprising a compensation film, a polarizer mounted on the rear surface of the compensation film, and a first index-matched, pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) mounted on the front surface of the compensation film, the PSA being adhered to the rear surface of the LCD panel. The LCD also comprises a front polarizer assembly, the front polarizer assembly comprising a front polarizer, a compensation film mounted on the rear surface of the front polarizer and an index-matched PSA mounted on the front surface of the front polarizer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is disclosed, which can remove a defect generated from polishing and etching of a glass substrate. The LCD device includes first and second substrates assembled together with some spaces therebetween, each having an etched outer surface, and a passivation film outside the first and second substrates. In the LCD device, the passivation film such as BCB or photo-acrylate is formed on a surface of a glass substrate damaged by etching and polishing processes, so as to repair the damaged surface of the glass substrate.