Abstract: Provided is a cathode for lithium secondary batteries comprising a combination of one or more compounds selected from Formula 1 and one or more compounds selected from Formula 2. The cathode provides a high-power lithium secondary battery composed of a non-aqueous electrolyte which exhibits long lifespan, long-period storage properties and superior stability at ambient temperature and high temperatures.

Abstract: An electrode comprising a polyphosphazene cyclomatrix and particles within pores of the polyphosphazene cyclomatrix. The polyphosphazene cyclomatrix comprises a plurality of phosphazene compounds and a plurality of cross-linkages. Each phosphazene compound of the plurality of phosphazene compounds comprises a plurality of phosphorus-nitrogen units, and at least one pendant group bonded to each phosphorus atom of the plurality of phosphorus-nitrogen units. Each phosphorus-nitrogen unit is bonded to an adjacent phosphorus-nitrogen unit. Each cross-linkage of the plurality of cross-linkages bonds at least one pendant group of one phosphazene compound of the plurality of phosphazene compounds with the at least one pendant group of another phosphazene compound of the plurality of phosphazene compounds. A method of forming a negative electrode and an electrochemical cell are also described.

Abstract: Pillared particles of silicon or silicon-comprising material and a method of fabricating the same are disclosed. These particles may be used to create both a composite anode structure with a polymer binder, a conductive additive and a metal foil current collector, and an electrode structure. The structure of the particles overcomes the problems of charge/discharge capacity loss.

Abstract: The adhesion between metal foil serving as a current collector and a negative electrode active material is increased to enable long-term reliability. An electrode active material layer (including a negative electrode active material or a positive electrode active material) is formed over a base, a metal film is formed over the electrode active material layer by sputtering, and then the base and the electrode active material layer are separated at the interface therebetween; thus, an electrode is formed. The electrode active material particles in contact with the metal film are bonded by being covered with the metal film formed by the sputtering. The electrode active material is used for at least one of a pair of electrodes (a negative electrode or a positive electrode) in a lithium-ion secondary battery.

Abstract: Several embodiments related to batteries having electrodes with nanostructures, compositions of such nanostructures, and associated methods of making such electrodes are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method for producing an anode suitable for a lithium-ion battery comprising preparing a surface of a substrate material and forming a plurality of conductive nanostructures on the surface of the substrate material via electrodeposition without using a template.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium-sulfur cell comprising an anode, a separator and/or electrolyte, a sulfur cathode, an optional anode current collector, and an optional cathode current collector, wherein the cathode comprises (a) exfoliated graphite worms that are interconnected to form a porous, conductive graphite flake network comprising pores having a size smaller than 100 nm; and (b) nano-scaled powder or coating of sulfur, sulfur compound, or lithium polysulfide disposed in the pores or coated on graphite flake surfaces wherein the powder or coating has a dimension less than 100 nm. The exfoliated graphite worm amount is in the range of 1% to 90% by weight and the amount of powder or coating is in the range of 99% to 10% by weight based on the total weight of exfoliated graphite worms and sulfur (sulfur compound or lithium polysulfide) combined. The cell exhibits an exceptionally high specific energy and a long cycle life.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment of the present invention, apparatus is provided comprising first and second electrodes, first and second current collectors, an electrolyte, and a first contact layer; wherein the electrolyte is configured to separate the first and second electrodes; and wherein the first contact layer is configured to form an electrical contact between the first current collector and the first electrode.

Abstract: This invention relates to a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries comprising silicon and having a chemically treated or coated surface influencing the zeta potential of the surface. The active material consists of particles or particles and wires comprising a core (11) comprising silicon, wherein the particles have a positive zeta potential in an interval between pH 3.5 and 9.5, and preferably between pH 4 and 9.5. The core is either chemically treated with an amino-functional metal oxide, or the core is at least partly covered with OySiHx groups, with 1<x<3, 1<y<3, and x>y, or is covered by adsorbed inorganic nanoparticles or cationic multivalent metal ions or oxides.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a negative electrode, an electrode assembly and an electric storage device. The negative electrode has a negative electrode layer containing: an active material containing an amorphous carbon particle capable of occluding and releasing at least one of an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal; and a binder, the negative electrode layer having a plurality of pores; and the ratio S1/S2 of the specific surface area (S1) of micropores having a pore diameter of 1 nm or larger and 3 nm or smaller in the pores to the specific surface area (S2) of mesopores having a pore diameter of 20 nm or larger and 100 nm or smaller therein being 0.3 or higher and 0.9 or lower.

Abstract: Various methods, systems, and apparatus for implementing aspects of the use of alloy anodes in three-dimensional lithium-ion batteries are disclosed, while accounting for volume change that occurs in these alloy anodes during charging and discharging. A three-dimensional lithium-ion battery according to certain embodiments comprises a battery enclosure, and an anode protruding from a first surface within the enclosure, with the anode having a first state and an expanded state, where the volume occupied by said anode is larger in the expanded state than in the first state. A first cathode is separated from the anode along a first direction, and a second cathode is separated from the anode along a second direction. A separator contacts the first cathode, the second cathode, and a portion of the anode. A gap is provided between the anode and the separator, the gap being larger in the first state than in the expanded state.

Abstract: A negative-electrode stuff has negative-electrode active-material particles including: an element being capable of sorbing and desorbing lithium ions, and being capable of undergoing an alloying reaction with lithium; or/and an elementary compound being capable of undergoing an alloying reaction with lithium. The negative-electrode active-material particles includes particles whose particle diameter is 1 ?m or more in an amount of 85% by volume or more of them when the entirety is taken as 100% by volume, exhibit a BET specific surface area that is 6 m2/g or less, and exhibits a “D50” that is 4.5 ?m or more.

Abstract: Process for fabrication of all-solid-state thin film batteries, said batteries comprising a film of anode materials, a film of solid electrolyte materials and a film of cathode materials, in which: each of these three films is deposited using an electrophoresis process, the anode film and the cathode film are each deposited on a conducting substrate, preferably a thin metal sheet or band, or a metalized insulating sheet or band or film, said conducting substrates or their conducting elements being useable as battery current collectors, the electrolyte film is deposited on the anode and/or cathode film, and in which said process also comprises at least one step in which said sheets or bands are stacked so as to form at least one battery with a “collector/anode/electrolyte/cathode/collector” type of stacked structure.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery that has high capacity and excellent cycle characteristics is provided. The lithium ion secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolyte. The anode has, on an anode current collector, an anode active material layer including LixSiFy (1?x?2 and 5?y?6) as an anode active material.

Abstract: A particulate composite of silicon, tin, and aluminum (or other suitable metal) is prepared as a negative electrode composition with increased lithium insertion capacity and durability for use with a metal current collector in cells of a lithium-ion battery or a lithium-sulfur battery. This electrode material is formed such that the silicon is present as a distinct amorphous phase in separate matrix phases of crystalline tin and crystalline aluminum. While the distinct tin and aluminum phases provide electron conductivity, each phase accommodates the insertion and extraction of lithium in the operation of the cell and all phases interact in minimizing mechanical damage to the material as the cell experiences repeated charge and discharge cycles. Other suitable metals for use in the composite with silicon and tin include copper and titanium.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed at clathrate (Type I) allotropes of silicon, germanium and tin. In method form, the present disclosure is directed at methods for forming clathrate allotropes of silicon, germanium or tin which methods lead to the formation of empty cage structures suitable for use as electrodes in rechargeable type batteries.

Abstract: A nonaqueous secondary battery includes a current cutoff mechanism that cuts off a current in a short period of time in response to a rise in pressure inside a battery outer body in at least one of a conductive path through which a current is taken out from a positive electrode plate to outside of the battery and a conductive path through which a current is taken out from a negative electrode plate to outside of the battery. At least one type selected from an oligomer containing a cyclohexyl group and a phenyl group, a modified product of the oligomer containing a cyclohexyl group and a phenyl group, a polymer containing a cyclohexyl group and a phenyl group, and a modified product of the polymer containing a cyclohexyl group and a phenyl group is present on the surface of the positive electrode plate.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery capable of providing a high voltage and a high voltage rechargeable lithium battery including the same, wherein the positive electrode includes a positive active material and a capacitor-reactive carbonaceous material having a specific surface area at or between 10 m2/g and 100 m2/g.

Abstract: A composite includes a compound selected from the group consisting of a lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide and a lithium lanthanum tantalum oxide; a lanthanum oxide; and an oxide selected from the group consisting of a lanthanum zirconium oxide and a lanthanum tantalum oxide. An electrode active material for a secondary lithium battery may include such composite. Methods of preparing the composite, an electrode for a secondary lithium battery including the electrode active material, and a secondary lithium battery including the electrode are disclosed.

Abstract: A battery capable of improving the cycle characteristics is provided. The battery includes a cathode, an anode, and an electrolytic solution. The anode has an anode active material layer that contains an anode active material containing silicon on an anode current collector, and intensity ratio I1/I2 between peak intensity I1 originated in (220) crystalline plane of silicon obtained by X-ray diffraction and peak intensity I2 originated in (111) crystalline plane of silicon obtained by X-ray diffraction is 0.05 or more.

Abstract: A phosphorated composite capable of electrochemical reversible lithium storage includes a conductive matrix and red phosphorus. The conductive matrix includes a material being selected from the group consisting of conductive polymer and conductive carbonaceous material. A weight percentage of the conductive matrix in the phosphorated composite ranges from about 10% to about 85%. A weight percentage of the red phosphorus in the phosphorated composite ranges from about 15% to about 90%. An anode using the phosphorated composite is also provided.

Abstract: A non-aqueous secondary battery contains a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and a non-aqueous electrolytic solution. The positive electrode contains a layered structure lithium-containing compound oxide, or a spinel lithium-containing compound oxide containing manganese as an active material. The non-aqueous electrolytic solution contains at least one additive selected from a sulfonic acid anhydride, a sulfonate ester derivative, a cyclic sulfate derivative and a cyclic sulfonate ester derivative, and a vinylene carbonate or a derivative of the vinylene carbonate.

Abstract: Provided is an electrode that contributes to higher performance improvement of batteries and capacitors by selecting a dispersant not only for uniformalizing an electrode structure but also playing the performance improvement role for the batteries or capacitors. An electrode 1 includes an active material 2 and a conductive additive 3. The electrode 1 also includes a dispersant 5, and the dispersant 5 is adsorbed onto the surfaces of the conductive additive 3 and the active material 2. More preferably, the electrode 1 includes the dispersant 5 having at least one kind selected from a group consisting of molecular structures, atoms, and ions which acts as a charge transfer medium, and most preferably, the electrode 1 includes the dispersant 5 having the same charge as the charge transfer medium contained in the active material 2.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to new materials based on C49 titanium disilicide (TiSi2) as a new, layered anode material, within which lithium ions can react with the Si-only layers. Stabilization by a coating a thin layer of oxide on the surface of TiSi2 significantly improves the charge and discharge performance.

Abstract: Electrodes and methods of forming electrodes are described herein. The electrode can be an electrode of an electrochemical cell or battery. The electrode includes a current collector and a film in electrical communication with the current collector. The film may include a carbon phase that holds the film together. The electrode further includes an electrode attachment substance that adheres the film to the current collector.

Abstract: A secondary battery capable of improving cycle characteristics is provided. An anode includes: an anode active material layer on an anode current collector, the anode active material layer including a plurality of anode active material particles, in which the average particle area of the plurality of anode active material particles observed from a surface of the anode active material layer is within a range of 1 ?m2 to 60 ?m2 both inclusive.

Abstract: A nanostructured composite material includes a substrate, a porous layer including a highly structured material, and a coating including nanoparticles. A method for forming the nanostructured composite material can include forming a porous layer on a substrate, the porous layer including a highly structured material, and applying nanoparticles to the porous layer to form the nanostructured composite material.

Abstract: An active material of the present invention has fine pores formed in the interlayer of a carbon material capable of exhibiting electrochemical double layer capacitance. The fine pores are formed by forming an oxidized graphite structure combined with oxygen in the interlayer of a part or whole of the carbon material containing soft carbon and then removing a part or whole of oxygen in the interlayer. A method for producing an energy storage active material for use in an electrochemical double layer capacitor comprises pre-treating a carbon material through heat treatment and oxidizing the pre-treated carbon material using an oxidant. The method further comprises reducing the oxidized carbon material through heat treatment. The interlayer distances of an active material for respective steps, measured by a powder X-ray diffraction method, are 0.33˜0.36 nm in the pre-treatment step, 0.5˜2.1 nm in the oxidation step, and 0.34˜0.5 nm in the reduction step.

Abstract: An electrode material is provided. The electrode material includes a porous carbon material, wherein the porous carbon material has a half-width of diffraction intensity peak of a (100) face or a (101) face of 4 degrees or less with reference to a diffraction angle 2 theta on a basis of an X-ray diffraction method. An absolute value of a differential value of mass can be obtained when a mixture of the porous carbon material and S8 sulfur mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2 is subjected to thermal analysis, where temperature is employed as a parameter, has a value of more than 0 at 450° C. and a value of 1.9 or more at 400° C. A battery and method of manufacture are also provided.

Abstract: Hetero-nanostructure materials for use in energy-storage devices are disclosed. In some embodiments, a hetero-nanostructure material (100) includes a silicide nanoplatform (110), ionic host nanoparticles (120) disposed on the silicide nanoplatform (110) and in electrical communication with the silicide nanoplatform (110), and a protective coating (130) disposed on the silicide nanoplatform (110) between the ionic host nanoparticles (120). In some embodiments, the silicide nanoplatform (110) includes a plurality of connected and spaced-apart nanobeams comprising a silicide core (110), ionic host nanoparticles (120) formed on the silicide core, and a protective coating (130) formed on the silicide core (110) between the ionic host nanoparticles (120).

Abstract: A subject-matter of the invention is a novel process for the preparation of sulphur-modified monolithic porous carbon-based materials by impregnation with a strong sulphur-based acid, the materials capable of being obtained according to this process and the use of these materials with improved supercapacitance properties to produce electrodes intended for energy storage systems. Electrodes composed of sulphur-modified monolithic porous carbon-based materials according to the invention and lithium batteries and supercapacitors having such electrodes also form part of the invention.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a collector, and a positive electrode active material layer. The positive electrode active material layer includes a positive electrode active material, and also includes a heteropoly acid and/or heteropoly acid compound and phosphorous acid as additives.

Abstract: A power storage device with favorable battery characteristics and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The power storage device includes at least a positive electrode and a negative electrode provided so as to face the positive electrode with an electrolyte provided therebetween. The positive electrode includes a collector and a film containing an active material over the collector. The film containing the active material contains LieFefPgOh satisfying relations 3.5?h/g?4.5, 0.6?g/f?1.1, and 0?e/f?1.3 and LiaFebPcOd satisfying relations 3.5?d/c?4.5, 0.6?c/b?1.8, and 0.7?a/b?2.8. The film containing the active material contains the LiaFebPcOd satisfying the relations 3.5?d/c?4.5, 0.6?c/b?1.8, and 0.7?a/b?2.8 in a region which is in contact with the electrolyte.

Abstract: A structure for use in an energy storage device, the structure comprising a backbone system extending generally perpendicularly from a reference plane, and a population of microstructured anodically active material layers supported by the lateral surfaces of the backbones, each of the microstructured anodically active material layers having a void volume fraction of at least 0.1 and a thickness of at least 1 micrometer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a negative electrode for lithium secondary batteries, containing an active material (A) capable of absorbing/desorbing lithium ions and a binder (B), wherein the active material (A) is a carbon-based material obtained from at least one starting material selected from a group consisting of petroleum cokes and coal cokes and having a mean particle size of from 1 to 30 and a true density of from 1.90 to 2.00 g/cm3 and its use; and a method for producing a carbon-based negative electrode active material having a mean particle size of from 1 to 30 ?m and a true density of from 1.90 to 2.00 g/cm3, the method comprising (a) a step of grinding at least one selected from a group consisting of petroleum cokes and coal cokes, (b) a step of controlling the particle size, and (c) a step of heat-treating in an inert gas atmosphere at 900 to 1900° C.

Abstract: A cathode, a method of preparing the same, and a lithium battery including the cathode. The cathode includes: a current collector; a first cathode active material layer disposed on the current collector; and a second cathode active material layer disposed on the first cathode active material layer, wherein the first cathode active material layer comprises a lithium transition metal oxide having a layered structure, and the second cathode active material layer comprises a lithium transition metal oxide having a spinel structure and an average working potential of 4.5 V or more.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrode active material by reacting a metal fluoride and a reactant. The reactant can be a metal oxide, metal phosphate, metal fluoride, or a precursors expected to decompose to oxides. The method includes a milling step and an annealing step. The method can alternately include a solution coating step. Also included is the composition formed following the method.

Abstract: In a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a positive electrode 1, a negative electrode 2 and a non-aqueous electrolyte, a positive electrode active material wherein a particle of at least one compound selected from Er hydroxide, Er oxyhydroxide, Yb hydroxide, Yb oxyhydroxide, Tb hydroxide, Tb oxyhydroxide, Dy hydroxide, Dy oxyhydroxide, Ho hydroxide, Ho oxyhydroxide, Tm hydroxide, Tm oxyhydroxide, Lu hydroxide, and Lu oxyhydroxide is dispersed and adhered on a surface of a positive electrode active material particle containing Li is used.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrode active material by reacting a metal fluoride and a reactant. The reactant can be a metal oxide, metal phosphate, metal fluoride, or a precursors expected to decompose to oxides. The method includes a milling step and an annealing step. The method can alternately include a solution coating step. Also included is the composition formed following the method.

Abstract: Porous, amorphous lithium storage materials and a method for making these materials are disclosed herein. In an example of the method, composite particles of a lithium storage material in an amorphous phase and a material that is immiscible with the lithium storage material are prepared. Phase separation is induced within the composite particles to precipitate out the amorphous phase lithium storage material and form phase separated composite particles. The immiscible material is chemically etched from the phase separated composite particles to form porous, amorphous lithium storage material particles.

Abstract: An electrode structure and its method of manufacture are disclosed. The disclosed electrode structures may be manufactured by depositing a first release layer on a first carrier substrate. A first protective layer may be deposited on a surface of the first release layer and a first electroactive material layer may then be deposited on the first protective layer.

Abstract: An electrode for an electrochemical energy store, including an active material layer having an active material, a protective layer being at least partially applied to the active material, and the protective layer at least partially including a fluorophosphate-based material. Such an electrode offers a particularly high stability, even when high voltages are present. Also described is a method for manufacturing an electrode, to an electrochemical energy store and to the use of a fluorophosphate-based material for generating a protective layer for an active material of an electrode of an electrochemical energy store.

Abstract: A compound MjXp which is particularly suitable for use in a battery prepared by the complexometric precursor formulation methodology wherein: Mj is at least one positive ion selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and transition metals and j is an integer representing the moles of said positive ion per moles of said MjXp; and Xp, a negative anion or polyanion from Groups IIIA, IV A, VA, VIA and VIIA and may be one or more anion or polyanion and p is an integer representing the moles of said negative ion per moles of said MjXp.

Abstract: A battery with improved properties is provided. The battery has a cathode material prepared by the complexometric formulation methodology comprising MjXp wherein: Mj is at least one positive ion selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and transition metals and n represents the moles of said positive ion per mole of said MjXp; and Xp is a negative anion or polyanion selected from Groups IIIA, IV A, VA, VIA and VIIA and may be one or more anion or polyanion and p representing the moles of said negative ion per moles of said MjXp. The battery has a discharge capacity at the 1000th discharge cycle of at least 120 mAh/g at room temperature at a discharge rate of 1 C when discharged from at least 4.6 volts to at least 2.0 volts.

Abstract: An electrode is provided for an electrochemical lithium battery cell. The electrode includes multiple silicon sheets, each silicon sheet including multiple apertures, each aperture extending all or partly through a thickness of the silicon sheet. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for an electric device according to the present invention includes crystalline metal having a structure in which a size in a perpendicular direction to a crystal slip plane is 500 nm or less. More preferably, the size in the perpendicular direction to the crystal slip plane is controlled to become 100 nm or less. As described above, a thickness in an orientation of the slip plane is controlled to become sufficiently small, and accordingly, micronization of the crystalline metal is suppressed even if breakage occurs from the slip plane taken as a starting point. Hence, a deterioration of a cycle lifetime can be prevented by applying the negative electrode active material for an electric device, which is as described above, or a negative electrode using the same, to an electric device, for example, such as a lithium ion secondary battery.

Abstract: Anodes including mesoporous hollow silicon particles are disclosed herein. A method for synthesizing the mesoporous hollow silicon particles is also disclosed herein. In one example of the method, a silicon dioxide sphere having a silicon dioxide solid core and a silicon dioxide mesoporous shell is formed. The silicon dioxide mesoporous shell is converted to a silicon mesoporous shell using magnesium vapor. The silicon dioxide solid core, any residual silicon dioxide, and any magnesium-containing by-products are removed to form the mesoporous, hollow silicon particle.

Abstract: A secondary cell has a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte, and the positive electrode contains insoluble sulfur.

Abstract: An electrode is provided for an electrochemical lithium battery cell. The electrode includes a bulk material that has a plurality of voids dispersed substantially throughout the bulk material. The bulk material is silicon. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: A compound MjXp which is particularly suitable for use in a battery prepared by the complexometric precursor formulation methodology wherein: Mj is at least one positive ion selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and transition metals and j is an integer representing the moles of said positive ion per moles of said MjXp; and Xp, a negative anion or polyanion from Groups IIIA, IV A, VA, VIA and VIIA and may be one or more anion or polyanion and p is an integer representing the moles of said negative ion per moles of said MjXp.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material for an electric device. The negative electrode active material including an alloy having a composition formula SixTiyZnz, where (1) x+y+z=100, (2) 38?x<100, (3) 0<y<62, and (4) 0<z<62 in terms of mass percent.