Abstract: A biological information measuring apparatus according to an embodiment includes a calculating unit and a measuring unit. The calculating unit is configured to calculate information related to a pulse wave of a subject, on the basis of luminance information of a picture signal of the subject. The measuring unit is configured to measure a fluctuation of blood pressure of the subject based on an increase or a decrease in the information related to the pulse wave, in accordance with a site of the subject from which the picture signal was obtained.

Abstract: Systems and apparatus for synthesizing (generating) 12-lead ECG dataset from 3-lead ECG data. In particular, one or more transformation parameters may be determined that may be applied to 3-lead ECG dataset to generate 12-lead ECG data with particular speed and accuracy. The transformation parameters, which may include a plurality of matrices, may be determined from a synchronized patient's 12-lead ECG dataset and 3-lead ECG data. The 12-lead ECG dataset may be collected at a different time than the 3-lead ECG data. In some embodiments, the 12-lead ECG dataset and/or the 3-lead ECG dataset may be resampled prior to determining the transformation parameters.

Abstract: A method of detecting status changes, and a corresponding point-in-time, in monitored entities, includes receiving one or more elements of time-series data from one or more sensors, the elements of time-series data representing an operational state of the monitored entity, creating a predictive model from the time-series data in a datastore memory, applying a transduction classifier to the predictive model, the transduction classifier detecting a change from healthy to unhealthy in the time-series data, and the corresponding point-in-time when the change occurred, and providing an identification of the change in the time-series data and the corresponding point-in-time. In some embodiments the transduction classifier can be a maximum margin classifier having a support vector machine component and a temporal transductive component. A system and a non-transitory computer readable medium are also disclosed.

Abstract: A medical device senses cardiac electrical signals including T-waves attendant to ventricular myocardial repolarizations and detects a T-wave template condition associated with non-pathological changes in T-wave morphology. The device generates a T-wave template from T-waves sensed by the sensing circuit during the T-wave template condition. After generating the T-wave template, the device acquires a T-wave signal from the cardiac electrical signal and compares the acquired T-wave signal to the T-wave template. The device detects a pathological event in response to the acquired T-wave signal not matching the T-wave template.

Abstract: One example method for improving robotic surgical safety via video processing includes identifying, during a robotic surgical procedure, one or more surgical tools using one or more images of the surgical procedure captured by a camera, the robotic surgical procedure employing a robotic surgical device controlling the one or more identified surgical tools; predicting, for at least one of the one or more images, one or more loaded surgical tools that are controlled by the robotic surgical device and should be in a field of view of the camera; comparing the one or more identified surgical tools with the one or more loaded surgical tools; determining that at least one of the one or more loaded surgical tools does not match any of the one or more identified surgical tools; and causing the at least one loaded tool of the robotic surgical device to be disabled.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a medical system includes a catheter to be inserted into a chamber of a heart of a living subject, and including catheter electrodes to contact tissue at respective locations within the chamber of the heart, a display, and processing circuitry to receive signals from the catheter, and in response to the signals, sample respective voltage values of the signals at respective timing values, and render to the display respective intracardiac electrograms (IEGM) presentation strips representing electrical activity in the tissue that is sensed by the catheter electrodes at the respective locations, each of the IEGM presentation strips including a linear array of respective shapes associated with, and arranged in a temporal order of, respective ones of the timing values, fillers of the respective shapes being formatted responsively to respective ones of the sampled voltage values of a respective one of the signals sampled at respective ones of the timing values.

Abstract: A multi-channel real-time cardiovascular performance evaluation system, includes: a multi-channel ECG signals measurement unit, a multi-channel ECG signals processing device, and an ECG signals reconstruction unit. The method uses a MAMA-END algorithm, to mark ECG signals to replace the original ECG signal, and to extract characteristic peak value of the ECG signal. As such, the method is able to extract and reconstruct a first signal having QRS wave, and a second signal having T wave; then the method detects and marks the start of Q wave and the end of T wave on the first signal and the second signal. Therefore, the method is able to determine and evaluate if a patient does have cardiovascular disease, and to locate the lesion positions of a patient having cardiovascular disease.

Abstract: A system for dietary communications using intelligent systems regarding endocrinal measurements includes a computing device designed and configured to obtain a first endocrinal measurement relating to a user; compare the first endocrinal measurement to an endocrinal system effect; generate a body dysfunction label for the first endocrinal measurement as a function of the endocrinal system effect; identify a dietary communication as a function of the body dysfunction label, the first endocrinal measurement, and a first machine learning process, the first machine learning process trained using a first training set relating endocrinal measurements and body dysfunction labels to dietary communications; and present the dietary communication.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide a wellness tracking device with a base plate that may be utilized as a combination electrode by a variety of sensors. The base plate may be a multi-material electrode that includes a conductor and a transparent or semi-transparent material to enable optical sensing. In certain embodiments, the base plate supports a plurality of different sensors, which may selectively utilize the base plate as an electrode.

Abstract: A method and system for detecting pacing pulses originating from implanted pacemaker using surface Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals measured at a relatively low sampling rate and also rejecting the pacing artifacts from the recorded surface ECG signals.

Abstract: Provided is a technique for restraining the amount of information as a whole while securing, as appropriate, information contributive to determination that utilizes a sensor. This sensor device 200 comprises: a measurement unit 210 for repeatedly measuring first information and second information which is measured at time intervals longer than those for the first information; and an output unit 220 for outputting the first information and second information measured by the measurement unit 210. When the first information and the second information meet respective standards thereof, the output unit 220 outputs the second information at longer intervals.

Abstract: Techniques for determining reliability of electrocardiogram (ECG) data are disclosed. ECG data, including waveform data for a patient, is received. An amplitude associated with an R-wave in the waveform data is determined. First and second baseline regions in the waveform data, each relating to the R-Wave, are identified. A signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is determined, based on the amplitude, the first baseline region, and the second baseline region. The SNR facilitates medical treatment for the patient.

Abstract: According to another example, a wearable medical device controller is provided. The device controller includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to determine a correlation between a phenomenon identifiable by the wearable medical device controller and at least one response pattern associated with a patient and store, responsive to detecting the correlation, an adaptation path to address the at least one response pattern, the adaptation path specifying an adaptation of at least one characteristic of an alarm. The at least one response pattern may include a plurality of response patterns and the adaptation path may reflect adaptations made to address at least some of the plurality of response patterns.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.

Abstract: This is directed to an electronic device having an integrated sensor for detecting a user's cardiac activity and cardiac electrical signals. The electronic device can include a heart sensor having several leads for detecting a user's cardiac signals. The leads can be coupled to interior surfaces of the electronic device housing to hide the sensor from view, such that electrical signals generated by the user can be transmitted from the user's skin through the electronic device housing to the leads. In some embodiments, the leads can be coupled to pads placed on the exterior of the housing. The pads and housing can be finished to ensure that the pads are not visibly or haptically distinguishable on the device, thus improving the aesthetic qualities of the device. Using the detected signals, the electronic device can identify or authenticate the user and perform an operation based on the identity of the user.

Abstract: A method and system for determining a signal quality metric of a cardiovascular time series utilizing a wireless sensor device are disclosed. In a first aspect, the method comprises determining subsequent values of the cardiovascular time series and comparing the determined subsequent values to a threshold value. In a second aspect, a wireless sensor device comprises a processor and a memory device coupled to the processor, wherein the memory device includes an application that, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to determine subsequent values of the cardiovascular time series and compare the determined subsequent values to a threshold value.

Abstract: Certain exemplary embodiments can provide an apparatus wearable by a user. The apparatus can comprise a biometric sensor constructed to generate signals based upon measurements of the user. The apparatus can comprise a processor constructed to determine a significant detrimental change in the user via an algorithm based upon the signals.

Abstract: A mobile ECG system includes: a multiplexor, the multiplexor comprising an input port connected with a plurality of electrodes, two output ports, and a control port; a digital detection module being connected with one output port of the multiplexor; an analog detection module being connected with the other output port of the multiplexor and configured to detect a heart beat without utilizing any portion of the digital detection module; and a processor being connected with the control port of the multiplexor and configured to receive an electrical signal and control the multiplexor through the control port to selectively transmit output of all of the electrodes to the analog detection module or the digital detection module based on the electrical signal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, and systems for medical procedures are disclosed herein. For example, a plurality of analog sensor signals and an analog reference signal are received by an analog-to-digital converter to produce respective digitized versions of the analog sensor signals. The respective digitized versions of the analog sensor signals are digital filtered to produce respective filtered digitized versions of the analog sensor signals. The filtered digitized versions of the analog sensor signals are output to a visualization system to provide real time display thereof. The filtered digitized versions of the analog sensor signals are communicated to a digital-to-analog converter to produce an analog version of the filtered digitized versions of the analog sensor signals. The analog version of the filtered digitized versions of the analog sensor signals along with the analog reference signal are output to a recordation system to provide supplemental processing and storage thereof.

Abstract: A portable device is provided having a motion sensor and an engagement sensor. A determination may be made whether the portable device is engaged with the platform. The data being output by the sensor may be used accordingly.

Abstract: Classification of heartbeats based on intracardiac and body surface electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are provided. Intracardiac ECG (IC-ECG) signals and body surface ECG (BS-ECG) signals are processed to perform heartbeat classifications. A BS annotation of BS-ECG signals reflective of a sensed heartbeat is defined, the BS annotation including a BS annotation time value. IC annotations of IC-ECG signals which reflect atrial-activity or ventricular activity of the sensed heartbeat are also defined, each IC annotation including an IC annotation time value. The IC-ECG signals are discriminated as A-activity or V-activity and IC annotations are designated as IC-A annotations or IC-V annotations, respectively. A respective A/V time sequence comparison of IC annotations reflective of the sensed heartbeat is made with one or more time sequence templates for heartbeat classification.

Abstract: An aspect of the disclosure pertains to detecting a position of a blood pressure measurement device. An inflatable bladder of the blood pressure measurement device defines, at least in part, a pressurizable volume. The inflatable bladder may be inflated to pressurize a user's appendage and temporarily occlude blood flow in the user's appendage. A pump may initiate inflation of the inflatable bladder when one or more accelerometers and/or one or more proximity sensors determine that the blood pressure measurement device is within sufficient proximity or elevation to a user's heart and stationary.

Abstract: A physiological parameter associated with tissue of a host may be monitored in the tissue to confirm subcutaneous delivery of medication to the host. More particularly, such may involve delivering medication subcutaneously to the host with a medical device which includes a sensor used to measure the physiological parameter, particularly within a predetermined time period after delivery of the medication. Such may also or otherwise involve forming a depot in the tissue with the medication, and using the sensor to measure the physiological parameter while the sensor is at least partially within the depot.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carotid physiological parameter monitoring system, comprising: an electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring device, a carotid pulse wave detector, and at least one controller. The ECG monitoring device is disposed on a user's left and right wrists or on the user's chest to obtain ECG waveforms. The carotid pulse wave detector is disposed on the user's neck at a position corresponding to the user's carotid arteries for obtaining carotid pulse waveforms. The controller is provided in at least one of the ECG monitoring device, the carotid pulse wave detector, and a mobile device, wherein the controller is configured to obtain the user's carotid physiological parameter(s) (which may include carotid pulse wave velocity or carotid blood pressure) by calculating with the ECG waveforms and/or the carotid pulse waveforms.

Abstract: Device and methods for a wearable medical device are disclosed. The device and methods use an on-board mobile system to alert emergency services when the user is in cardiovascular distress. The device takes advantage of newly miniaturized electrocardiograph, pulse oximetry sensors, mutual reinforcement and anomaly detection algorithms. Electrocardiograph waveforms are recorded digitally for physician review with emphasis on critical events. In the occurrence of a immediate critical-need cardiac event, the system will contact emergency services (EMS) for assistance. The system is a biometric monitoring system that implements key concepts of cardiovascular monitoring through pulse oximetry and electrocardiography (ECG). The system implements key concepts of ECGs and active/capacitive electrodes to produce a wireless network of (individually isolated) ECG nodes that can produce a system ranging from 3 to 16 leads.

Abstract: A device for detecting acute coronary syndrome (ACS) events, arrythmias, heart rate abnormalities, medication problems such as non-compliance or ineffective amount or type of medication, and demand/supply related cardiac ischemia is disclosed. The device may have both implanted and external components and can communicate with other user devices such as smartphones and smartwatches for monitoring and alerting in response to detected medically relevant events or states of a patient. The processor is configured to provide event detection based upon various criteria including what is found to be statistically abnormal for a patient or what has been defined by a doctor to be abnormal. A patient's cardiovascular condition can be tracked over time using histogram, trend, and summary information related to heart rate and/or cardiac features such as those measured from the S-T segment of heartbeats.

Abstract: Systems and methods for facilitating processing of cardiac information based on sensed electrical signals include a processing unit configured to receive a set of electrical signals; receive an indication of a measurement location corresponding to each electrical signal of the set of electrical signals; and generate, based on at least one of an annotation waveform corresponding to each electrical signal of the set of electrical signals and a set of annotation mapping values, an annotation histogram.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for treating epilepsy by stimulating a main trunk of a vagus nerve, or a left vagus nerve, when the patient has had no seizure or a seizure that is not characterized by cardiac changes such as an increase in heart rate, and stimulating a cardiac branch of a vagus nerve, or a right vagus nerve, when the patient has had a seizure characterized by cardiac changes such as a heart rate increase.

Abstract: An arrangement for electrical charge equalization after generation of stimulation current pulse(s), containing a bridge circuit, switching elements, a bridge branch between two legs of the bridge circuit, into which a load resistance is introducible, and a power source for generating a stimulation current pulse, connected to the legs of the bridge circuit that enables an electrical current via one leg through the bridge branch and through a leg connected to the other end of the bridge branch with corresponding switch position. A capacitive element is in the bridge branch for generating a current for electrical charge equalization for current introduced by stimulation current pulse(s) and is configured such that, between one or more stimulation current pulses and a discharge of the capacitive element via stimulation electrode(s), a delay time window is maintained, which is used for measuring electrical physiological signals induced as a reaction to the stimulation current pulse(s).

Abstract: A method for detecting long QT syndrome in a subject comprises obtaining data corresponding to an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal of the subject, identifying a set of features in the data based on selected inflection points of the ECG signal, using the set of features to categorize segments of the ECG signal, and using the categorized segments of the ECG signal and the inflection points to classify the ECG signal as normal or as long QT syndrome. Long QT syndrome is detected when the subject's ECG signal is classified as long QT syndrome. The method may include determining whether the long QT syndrome is Type 1 or Type 2.

Abstract: Described herein are devices, systems, and methods for sensing and generating a one or more of the 12 leads of a standard ECG with a mobile computing device. In some embodiments, three electrodes are positioned on a mobile computing device so that an individual may comfortably contact all three sensors at once to generate a six lead ECG which may be displayed on a display of said mobile computing device. In some embodiments, analysis carried out further comprises determining a QRS axis and QRST angle.

Abstract: An electrocardiograph (ECG) signal processing method and apparatus to resolve a problem that relatively severe interference caused during single-arm measurement for single-lead ECG collection seriously affects accuracy of heart rate calculation and cardiac rhythm analysis. The method includes collecting, by a measurement device, an ECG signal, extracting a kth valid QRS complex of the ECG signal, calculating a kth time difference and a (k+1)th time difference, and determining whether the kth time difference and the (k+1)th time difference are target time differences. In this way, accuracy of ECG feature extraction is improved, the interference caused during the single-arm measurement is eliminated to the most extent, and the accuracy of heart rate calculation and cardiac rhythm analysis can be effectively guaranteed.

Abstract: A medical device that includes a power source, a therapy delivery interface, therapy electrodes, electrocardiogram (ECG) sensing electrodes to sense ECG signal of a heart of a patient, a sensor interface to receive and digitize the ECG signal, and a processor. The processor is configured to analyze the ECG signal to determine a cardiac rhythm and a transform value representing a magnitude of a frequency component of the cardiac rhythm, analyze the cardiac rhythm and the transform value to detect a shockable cardiac arrhythmia by classifying the cardiac rhythm as a noise rhythm or a shockable cardiac arrhythmia rhythm based on the transform value, and causing the processor to detect the cardiac arrhythmia if classifying the cardiac rhythm as a shockable cardiac arrhythmia rhythm, initiate a treatment alarm sequence, adjust the shock delivery parameter for a defibrillation shock, and provide the defibrillation shock via the therapy electrodes.

Abstract: A medical monitoring and treatment device that includes a therapy delivery interface, a plurality of therapy electrodes coupled to the therapy delivery interface, a plurality of electrocardiogram sensing electrodes to sense electrocardiogram signals of a patient, a sensor interface to receive the electrocardiogram signals and digitize the electrocardiogram signals, and at least one processor coupled to the sensor interface and the therapy delivery interface to analyze the digitized electrocardiogram signals, to detect a cardiac arrhythmia based on the digitized electrocardiogram signals, and to control the therapy delivery interface to apply electrical therapy to the patient based upon the detected cardiac arrhythmia.

Abstract: The invention relates to a catheter useful in recording His electrogram alternans. The catheter includes a catheter probe containing at least one row of receiving poles positioned at an edge of the catheter probe, equidistantly spaced from each other.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining lung pathology from an audio respiratory signal comprises inputting a plurality of audio files comprising a training set into an artificial neural network (ANN), wherein the plurality of audio files comprise sessions with patients with known pathologies of known degrees of severity. The method further comprises annotating the plurality of audio files with metadata relevant to the patients and the known pathologies and analyzing the plurality of audio files, wherein the analyzing comprises extracting spectrograms for each of the plurality of audio files and a plurality of descriptors associated with wheeze and crackle from the plurality of audio files. Additionally, the method comprises training the ANN using the plurality of audio files, the spectrograms, the metadata and the plurality of descriptors. The method finally comprises determining a lung pathology associated with a new sound recording inputted into the ANN.

Abstract: An Electrocardiography (ECG) noise-filtering device is provided in the invention. The ECG device includes a filter and a calculation circuit. The filter receives a first ECG signal and performs a Savitzky-Golay algorithm to generate a second ECG signal. The calculation circuit is coupled to the filter to receive the second ECG signal and processes the second ECG signal according to a Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) algorithm to generate a noise signal, and subtracts the noise signal from the second ECG signal to filter the noise signal in the first ECG signal.

Abstract: A system for assessing and monitoring a fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) and heart rate in a pregnant mother comprises wearable mechanical-electronic sensors, e.g., embedded in a wrist or arm band, which can measure mechanical pulse signals from the mother, and an abdomen patch which can measure the combined ECG signals of the fetus and mother. In another embodiment, the sensors in the wrist or arm band measure the combined fetal/maternal ECG signals, and the mother's mechanical pulse signals. By signal processing and gating out the maternal ECG signals as correlated with the mechanical maternal pulse signals, the fetal ECG and heart rate can be measured and monitored. These measurements may be displayed on the wrist or arm band device, or wirelessly through a remote device, mobile phone or computer. Sensors in the abdominal patch may also measure uterine electromyogram, uterine contractions, and fetal movements, to be correlated with the fetal ECG.

Abstract: An article for detecting physiological function and posture status is disclosed. The article touches body directly or indirectly; wherein at least a group of non-posture physiological sensors are configured on this object and at least a switch, tension sensor, pressure sensor or pressure applicator are coupled with or touch this object; the switch, tension sensor, pressure sensor or pressure applicator are configured on a different or the same object with the physiological sensors, or divided into two parts that contact each other while external force applied; the non-posture physiological sensors sense the physiological function and posture status of the user.

Abstract: A method of measuring biological signals of a person including obtaining physiological signals; converting the physiological signals to an energy entropy signal, determining one or more statistical features based on the energy entropy signal, and selecting and combining two or more of the features.

Abstract: Catheterization is carried out by inserting a probe having a location sensor into a body cavity, and in response to multiple location measurements identifying respective mapped regions of the body cavity. Using the location measurements, a simulated 3-dimensional surface of the body cavity is constructed. One or more unmapped regions are delineated by rotating the simulated 3-dimensional surface about an axis. The simulated 3-dimensional surface of the body cavity is configured to indicate locations of the unmapped regions based on the location measurements.

Abstract: An ECG monitoring system for ambulatory patients includes a small multi-electrode patch that adhesively attaches to the chest of a patient. A reusable battery-powered ECG monitor clips onto the patch and receives patient electrical signals from the electrodes of the patch. A processor continuously processes received ECG signals and stores the signals in memory in the monitor. The processor also analyzes the received ECG signals for predefined arrhythmia. If an arrhythmia is detected, a wireless transceiver in the ECG monitor transmits the event information and an ECG strip to a cellphone handset. The cellphone handset automatically relays the event information and ECG strip to a monitoring center for further diagnosis and necessary intervention.

Abstract: An extended wear electrocardiography and physiological sensor monitor recorder is provided. A set of electrical contacts extend from a bottom surface of a proximal end of a sealed housing. The sealed housing includes electronic circuitry, including an electrographic front end circuit to sense electrocardiographic signals and a micro-controller interfaced to the electrocardiographic front end circuit to sample the electrocardiographic signals. A patient feedback button located is on a top surface of the proximal end of the sealed housing and positioned above the feedback bottom on the distal end.

Abstract: There is provided a method of displaying a pre-acquired three dimensional (3D) image of at least a portion of an organ of a patient, the method comprising: receiving a plurality of electrical readings, each from a different electrode mounted on a catheter inside the portion of the organ of the patient, wherein the electrodes are mounted on the catheter at known distances from each other, transforming the plurality of electrical readings to a corresponding plurality of image points using a mapping transformation that transforms each electrical reading of the catheter from inside the portion of the organ of the patient to an anatomically corresponding image point in the 3D image based on the known distances, and displaying the 3D image with a marking of at least one of the plurality of image points.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an electrical activity measurement system includes a catheter to be inserted into a body part and including at least one electrode, signal processing circuitry coupled to receive an intracardiac electrogram (IEGM) signal from the at least one electrode and process the IEGM signal for output to a recording apparatus via a cable, which picks up surrounding electrical noise, and feedback circuitry configured to receive at least some of the electrical noise picked up by the cable, and provide a feedback signal indicative of the received electrical noise to the signal processing circuitry, which is configured to compensate at least partially for the electrical noise, which is not yet in the IEGM signal but will be added to the IEGM signal in the cable, responsively to the feedback signal to produce a noise-compensated IEGM signal for output to the recording apparatus via the cable.

Abstract: The present disclosure addresses the technical problem of information loss while representing a physiological signal in the form of symbols and for recognizing patterns inside the signal. Thus making it difficult to retain or extract any relevant information which can be used to detect anomalies in the signal. A system and method for anomaly detection and discovering pattern in a signal using morphology aware symbolic representation has been provided. The system discovers pattern atoms based on the strictly increasing and strictly decreasing characteristics of the time series physiological signal, and generate symbolic representation in terms of these pattern atoms. Additionally the method possess more generalization capability in terms of granularity. This detects discord/abnormal phenomena with consistency.

Abstract: Methods and systems of enhancing an electronic interaction between a behavioral-modification program and a user in the program by providing customized content specific to the user. The systems and methods allow for coach-counselor assistance to the individual-user or for automated content delivery.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of heart rate estimation includes receiving heart beat data, detecting sequential beats within the heart beat data, identifying a beat interval of each sequential beat, and generating a beat array containing the beat intervals of sequential beats within an array window. The beat array is then sorted based on the beat intervals of the sequential beats so as to generate a sorted beat array. A weight array is calculated by applying a weight control parameter to each beat interval in the sorted beat array, wherein the weight array includes a weight value for each beat interval that is proportional to a corresponding beat interval value in the sorted beat array. A weighted median is calculated based on the weight array, and a heart rate estimation for the array window is determined based on the weighted median of the weight array and the sorted beat array.

Abstract: An apparatus includes left and right shoe sensor systems. A shoe sensor system includes pressure sensing elements, an accelerometer, and a control circuit that includes a power source circuit, a clock circuit, a processing module, memory, a wireless communication transceiver, sensor communication links, and an accelerometer communication link. The processing module samples data from the pressure sensing element to produce foot force data and samples data from the first accelerometer to produce three-dimensional foot data. The wireless communication transmits as outbound radio frequency (RF) signals regarding the foot force data and the three-dimensional foot data.

Abstract: A pilot tone device for acquiring physiological data of a patient and a magnetic resonance tomography system with a corresponding pilot tone device are provided. The pilot tone device has a pilot tone transmitter that is designed to transmit a pilot tone in an ISM band.