Abstract: A multilayered ferromagnetic amorphous alloy film is constituted by a plurality of main ferromagnetic material alloy films of a ferromagnetic amorphous alloy laminated one upon another with a spacer ferromagnetic material layer interposed therebetween, the spacer ferromagnetic material layer being of a ferromagnetic material different from the ferromagnetic alloy. Also disclosed is a magnetic head employing the above-described multilayered film for, at least, a portion of a core thereof. The multilayered film has excellent magnetic characteristics and is easily patterned.

Abstract: Wear-resistant materials and articles, wherein an amorphous material having a hardness of greater than about 1600 VHN is utilized to protect wear-susceptible portions of substrates or is itself made into a wear-resistant article. Amorphous materials having hardnesses greater than about 1600 VHN are found to have surprisingly great wear resistance and can be used to prepare wear-resistant articles. Particularly satisfactory results have been obtained with metal-metalloid systems such as W--Ru--B, Re--Mo--B, Mo--Ru--B, and Co--Nb--B materials.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprises a recording medium base, a low coercivity layer formed on the recording medium base and having a low coercivity in an in-plane direction thereof, and a high coercivity layer formed on the low coercivity layer and having a high coercivity in a direction perpendicular to a surface of the low coercivity layer. The low coercivity layer and the high coercivity layer are formed from the same magnetic material and constitute a magnetic layer. A method of manufacturing this perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprises a single magnetic layer forming process of successively and continuously forming the low coercivity layer and the high coercivity layer on the recording medium base by using the same magnetic material as a depositing material.

Abstract: X-ray dispersive and reflective structures and materials are provided which exhibit at least one third of the theoretical integral reflection coefficient for the structures in the range of interest without fluorescence or absorption edges. The materials can be thermally activated to control the desired properties, during or post deposition. The structures can be deposited by ion beam absorption techniques to form the structures in a precise manner. The index of the refraction of the structures can be continuously varying throughout the structures.

Abstract: Disclosed is a magnetic recording medium comprising a predetermined substrate having or not having a soft magnetic thin film provided thereon, a layer formed thereon for controlling the columnar crystal grain size in a thin magnetic film formed on the substrate, and the thin magnetic film provided on the columnar crystal grain size control layer. The above-mentioned columnar crystal grain size control layer is a film having a close-packed hexagonal lattice structure and made of one element selected from among Ru, Sc, Y, and Zn, or two or more elements selected from among Ru, Sc, Y, Zn, and Ti; or a film having a close-packed hexagonal lattice structure and made of Co or a Co-based alloy. The columnar crystal grain size control layer may consist of two layers, the under layer of which is made of one or more elements selected from among Si, Ge, and Sn.

Abstract: A vertical magnetic recording medium comprises a non-magnetic substrate, a permalloy film consisting of plural permalloy layers separated by at least one non-magnetic layer placed therein, each of said plurality of permalloy layers being 2000 .ANG. or less thick, and a Co-Cr vertical magnetization film formed on the permalloy film directly or through another non-magnetic layer.

Abstract: A security label comprised of at least two magnetically soft materials having different coercivities but similar thresholds of magnetic saturation.

Abstract: The invention provides a magnetic recording medium comprising a substrate of a nonmagnetic material bearing a thin magnetic layer with perpendicular anistropy. The magnetic thin layer comprises alternate layers of Pd and Co. The signal-to-noise ratio upon reading the stored information is considerably improved in that the thicknesses of the individual layers of Pd are between 0.2 and 2.0 nm and that the individual layers of Co consist of at least one monolayer of Co atoms and have thicknesses which are smaller than 0.3 nm.The thin magnet layer may be manufactured, for example, by electron beam vacuum vapor deposition of the individual layers of Pd and Co.

Abstract: A material which is intended for use in sliding surface bearings comprises a metallic backing, a porous metallic substrate layer applied to said backing, and a PTFE-filler mixture, which completely fills the pores of the substrate layer and constitutes an antifriction layer. The bond strength between the antifriction layer and the substrate layer is improved by coating that surface of the substrate layer which faces the antifriction layer with a primer.

Abstract: A multilayer magnetic recording medium including at least one magnetic layer (CMOI) formed of an alloy including one of the group of heavy rare earths and a metal of the group of the first series of transition metals surrounded by at least two dielectric layers.According to the invention, the magnetic medium is characterized in that it includes means for preventing the diminution of the number of atoms of rare earth participating in the magnetism of the magnetic layer disposed on both sides of the magnetic layer.Applicable to magnetooptic disks.

Abstract: An improved cobalt-platinum (CoPt) thin film metal alloy media for horizontal magnetic recording has a coercivity substantially greater than prior CoPt thin film metal alloy media. A tungsten underlayer between the substrate and the CoPt magnetic layer improves the coercivity above that of media wiht conventional underlayers, such as chromium. The coercivity of the CoPt layer can be increased even further if the CoPt film is deposited in such a manner as to form an intermetallic compound of Co.sub.3 W in the interface region between the tungsten underlayer and the CoPt magnetic layer. The tungsten underlayer also improves the magnetic properties of the media when the magnetic layer is an alloy of cobalt-platinum-chromium (CoPtCr).

Abstract: An improved cobalt-platinum (CoPt) thin film metal alloy media for horizontal magnetic recording has a squareness greater than prior CoPt thin film metal alloy media. An underlayer of a body-centered-cubic (BCC) chromium-based alloy with a lattice cell constant greater than chromium (Cr), such as chromium-vanadium (CrV), is formed between the substate and the CoPt magnetic layer. The underlayer also improves the magnetic properties of the media when the magnetic layer is an alloy of cobalt-platinum-chromium (CoPtCr).

Abstract: Hardfacing of metal parts employing a thin, homogeneous, ductile foil is disclosed. The hardfacing foil has a composition consisting essentially of 0 to about 32 atom percent nickel, 0 to about 10 atom percent iron, 0 to about 30 atom percent chromium, 0 to about 2 atom percent tungsten, 0 to about 4 atom percent molybdenum, about 5 to about 25 atom percent boron, 0 to about 15 atom percent silicon and 0 to about 2 atom percent manganese and 0 to 5 atom percent carbon the balance being cobalt and incidental impurities with the proviso that the total of iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, tungsten and molybdenum ranges from about 70 to 88 atom percent and the total of boron, silicon and carbon ranges from about 12 to 30 atom percent. The ductile foil permits continuous hardfacing of soft matrix, like low carbon and low alloy steels, imparting superior resistance to wear and corrosion.

Abstract: A magnetic structure having improved permeability characteristics at very high frequencies and comprising a plurality of magnetic metal layers, together with electrically insulating layers which are interposed between successive magnetic metal layers to form a laminate therewith, and at least one conductive strip electrically connecting together at least two of the magnetic metal layers, the conductive strip being of lesser width than the surface on which it is located, and serving to reduce eddy current losses.

Abstract: A thin film alloy disk for vertical magnetic recording has a cobalt-chromium-tantalum (CoCrTa) magnetic layer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy deposited on an underlayer of beta-tantalum (.beta.-Ta). The .beta.-Ta layer is deposited on a suitable substrate, such as silicon, which is compatible with the formation of the beta phase of tantalum. The highly preferred orientation of the .beta.-Ta film on the substrate and the incorporation of Ta in the magnetic film results in the magnetic film having improved perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, high perpendicular coercivity and low horizontal coercivity. A nickel-iron (NiFe) layer may be deposited between the substrate and the .beta.-Ta underlayer to provide a magnetic flux return path.

Abstract: A clad brazing filler for use in bonding a ceramic to a metal, glass or another ceramic having a substantially different thermal expansion coefficient, and composites using such a filler. According to one aspect of the invention, a brazing filler of a clad type is provided which is composed of a titanium layer adjacent a silver, copper or silver-copper alloy layer, or a combination of silver and copper layers, with the titanium content being in a range of 3 to 80% of the total weight of the layers of the assembly. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a brazing filler of the clad type is provided which combines the layer arrangement of the first aspect with either a layer of a metal having a low thermal expansion coefficient, a layer of a metal having a low Young's modulus, for a combination layer of both, arranged in any order.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is described, comprising a support having provided thereon a thin magnetic metal vapor deposition film, said film being provided by evaporating a magnetic metal material from an evaporation source to generate a vapor flow and directing the vapor flow to contact a moving support at an inclined angle, and having a curved and inclined column structure formed by continuously altering the incident angle of said vapor flow on the moving support from a high degree (.theta..sub.max) to a low degree (.theta..sub.min), and a non-magnetic metal vapor deposition film provided on the magnetic metal film, said non-magnetic metal film being provided by continuously altering the incident angle of vapor flow of the non-magnetic metal material to the moving support on which the magnetic metal film is formed between a high degree (.theta..sub.max') and a low degree (.theta..sub.min').

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium for perpendicular magnetization includes a base of a nonmagnetic material, a first magnetic layer of a soft magnetic material on a surface of the base, a second magnetic layer having perpendicular anisotropy on a surface of the first magnetic layer, the second magnetic layer being magnetized in a transverse direction thereof. The second magnetic layer is composed of a three-element alloy of cobalt, chromium, and hafnium, cobalt being a main component with chromium and hafnium added thereto.

Abstract: A magneto optical thin film recording medium is disclosed having very high carrier-to-noise ratios and high rotation angles. A transmission electron microscope photomicrograph (at 200,000.times.) of one such medium is shown in FIG. 1. These are multi-phase amorphous materials having magnetic anisotropy perpendicular to the plane of the thin film. They are produced in a triode vacuum sputtering process at vacuums in the range of 4.times.10.sup.-3 to 6.times.10.sup.-4 Torr. By adjusting process parameters such as substrate temperature, anode bias and deposition rate, the properties of the thin film can be altered.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium composed of a base material, a 1st magnetic thin layer formed on the base material, and a perpendicularly magnetizable 2nd magnetic thin layer formed on the 1st magnetic thin layer, wherein the 1st magnetic thin layer is composed of a Co-base ternary amorphous alloy containing small amounts of Hf and Ta.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium for perpendicular magnetization includes a base of a nonmagnetic material, a first magnetic layer of a soft magnetic material on a surface of the base, a second magnetic layer having perpendicular anisotropy on a surface of the first magnetic layer, the second magnetic layer being magnetized in a transverse direction thereof. The second magnetic layer is composed of a three-element alloy of cobalt, chromium, and tantalum, cobalt being a main component with chromium and tantalum added thereto.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium which comprises a magnetic layer formed on a substrate and comprising Co, or Co and one to three elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cr and O, wherein, when the magnetic layer is divided equally into four portions in the direction of the thickness of the magnetic layer, the density of the portion located farthest from the substrate is greater by at least 20% than the average density of three other portions.

Abstract: A magnetic memory disk which has controlled magnetic characteristics in the radial direction is provided by controlling the thickness and composition of the magnetic layer which is formed on the disk. The thickness of the layer may be varied in the radial direction to control the remanence of the disk and the composition of the magnetic layer varied to control the coercivity of the disk. The magnetic layer is formed by an electroplating operation employing one or more rotating apertured masks in an electrolyte solution between an anode and a disk (cathode) which is to be plated. The thickness of the plated layer is determined by the configuration of the apertures in the mask, and the relative composition of the layer is determined by the variation and distance of the mask to the disk in the radial direction. Thickness characteristics of layers other than the magnetic layer may also be precisely controlled in the radial direction to achieve desired characteristics.

Abstract: Layered coherent structures characterized by periodic, alternating layers of cobalt and palladium and/or platinum exhibit perpendicular magnetic anistropy.

Abstract: Solar insulating window film comprising a sheet of substantially transparent flexible polymer thin film plastic material having first and second surfaces. First, second and third layers are adherent to the first surface of the film. The second layer is formed of copper. The first layer is formed of a material which possesses substantially the same nobility as copper or is inert to copper. The first layer counting from the first surface is formed of a material selected from nickel and palladium and oxides and sulfides thereof. The third layer counting from the first surface is formed of a material selected from nickel, palladium and chromium and oxides and sulfides thereof.

Abstract: A specular product of bronze-like tone particularly suitable for use as a decorative material. The specular product uses, as a substrate, a composite board comprising a synthetic resin sheet and metal sheets laminated thereon, and includes a nickel deposit plated on the metal sheet and a specular film of Sn-Ni alloy electroplated on the nickel deposit using a specific electroplating bath.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrode on a heat-resisting and isolating substrate which is low-priced and has a stable character and the manufacturing process therefor. A paste which comprises 0.05 to 40 weight % of a metal material containing silver component of 0.5 to 100 weight % the remaining weight % of an organic vehicle, is formed on the substrate, and is heated at temperatures of 250.degree. to 900.degree. C. and consequently a metallic particle layer of 0.05 to 2 microns in thickness is formed on the substrate, and then an electrode of nickel and copper of 0.1 to 20 microns in thickness is built up on it by electroless plating.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium which comprises a first layer formed on a substrate and comprising Co; Co and Ni; Co and O; or Co, Ni and O, and a second magnetic layer formed on the first magnetic layer and comprising Co and Cr at a weight ratio of Co/Cr being from 2.5 to 8.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium which comprises a magnetic layer formed on a substrate and comprising Co, or Co and one to three elements selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cr and O, said magnetic layer comprising sequentially from the substrate side, a first portion composed of crystal particles which are not inclined relative to the normal line of the principal plane of the substrate, a second portion composed of columnar crystal particles which are inclined relative to the normal line of the principal plane of the substrate, and a third portion composed of crystal particles which are not inclined relative to the normal line of the principal plane of the substrate.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium having a non-magnetic substrate on which a first bismuth Bi under layer, a first magnetic metal layer, a compound layer made of the magnetic metal, a second bismuth Bi under layer and a second magnetic metal layer are sequentially formed in this order.

Abstract: Flexible selective energy control sheet construction formed of a sheet of substantially transparent polymer thin film plastic material having first and second surfaces. A substantially transparent continuous adhesion promoting layer is adherent to the second surface of the sheet. A substantially transparent metal layer is adherent to the adhesion promoting layer and a protective layer is adherent to the metal layer. The metal layer is selected from the materials of copper and silver.

Abstract: A metal laminate possessing high strength characteristics as well as good ductility and malleability, comprising one or more layers of a superplastic material metallurgically bonded to one or more layers of a non-super plastic material; and the method of preparing the laminate to induce plastic or super plastic characteristics to the nonsuper plastic material.

Abstract: Coatings for iron-, nickel- and cobalt-base superalloys. The coatings are applied in order to provide good oxidation and/or sulfidation and thermal fatigue resistance for the substrates to which the coatings are applied. The coatings consist essentially of, by weight, 10 to 50% chromium, 3 to 15% aluminum, 0.1 to 10% manganese, up to 8% tantalum, up to 5% tungsten, up to 5% reactive metal from the group consisting of lanthanum, yttrium and other rare earth elements, up to 5 percent of rare earth and/or refractory metal oxide particles, up to 12% silicon, up to 10% hafnium, and the balance selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and iron, and combinations thereof. Additions of titanium up to 5% and noble metals up to 15% are also contemplated.

Abstract: A magnetic thin film deposited on a non-magnetic substrate consists substantially of Ni, Co and oxygen, the content of Ni being between 10 and 55% by weight based on the weight of Ni and Co, the atomic percent ratio of oxygen to Ni and Co being between 3 and 45%.

Abstract: Multi-layer, high-temperature corrosion protection coat for a corrodible metallic surface which comprises: (1) a first layer adjacent to the metallic surface comprising 1-15% zirconium, 10-30% chromium and remainder nickel; and (2) a second layer adjacent to said first layer comprising at least 60% chromium and remainder selected from the group consisting of iron, iron plus nickel and mixtures thereof. The protective coatings can be used in machine and appliance construction, particularly for components of thermal engines under high thermal and corrosive stress. They are resistant to sulfidization and oxidation.

Abstract: A solar heat absorber is produced by electrodepositing on a metallic substrate acting as a cathode in a plating bath a black coating including a ternary alloy represented by the formula:Sn--M--Mowhere M is Fe, Co or Ni. The electroplating bath contains a stannous salt, a salt of a metal M selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel and iron, a molybdate, an alkali metal pyrophosphate, and an amino acid or an ammonium salt of carboxlyic acid or mineral acid.

Abstract: Brazing of metal parts employing a homogeneous, ductile, filler metal foil is disclosed. The brazing foil, useful for brazing cobalt based alloys, has a composition consisting essentially of 0 to about 4 atom percent iron, 0 to about 26 atom percent chromium, 0 to about 20 atom percent nickel, 0 to about 4 atom percent tungsten, 0 to about 4 atom percent molybdenum, 0 to about 20 atom percent boron, 0 to about 12 atom percent silicon, 0 to about 2 atom percent carbon and the balance essentially cobalt and incidental impurities. In addition to containing the foregoing elements within the above-noted composition ranges, the composition must be such that the total of iron, chromium, nickel, tungsten, molybdenum and cobalt ranges from about 75 to 85 atom percent and the total of boron, silicon and carbon ranges from about 15 to 25 atom percent.

Abstract: The process of making an ingot for use as a feed stock for a coating process in which the ingot is vaporized to produce the coating material; the ingot being made by forming a billet of the alloy minus the reactive element with a rod of the reactive element of the alloy extending centrally through the billet and then shaping the billet to ingot size, the cross-sectional area of the rod having the same relation of the remainder of the area of the billet as the percentage of the reactive element in the alloy.

Abstract: The oxidation-corrosion resistance of plasma sprayed MCrAlY overlay coatings is improved. The coating method involves plasma spraying the MCrAlY coating alloy onto a superalloy substrate, applying a chromium or aluminum envelope over the outer surface of the coating or mechanically working the outer surface to seal the surface against penetration by the high pressure isostatic atmosphere to be subsequently applied and then hot isostatically pressing the coated substrate to close the coating defects and diffuse at least a portion of the envelope, if present, into the overlay coating. The invention thus can provide an MCrAlY coating not only substantially free of pores, voids and the like defects but also having at least an outer zone enriched in chromium, aluminum or like metals.

Abstract: A magnetic recording film having high magnetic remanence and unusually good square loop characteristics at thicknesses of between one and five microinches can be deposited directly on non-magnetic electroless nickel from an electroless bath containing cobalt ions, citrate ions, hypophosphite ions, phosphate ions and, if desired, nickel ions. The electroless bath may also contain an ethanolamine, or mixture thereof, as a wetting agent and brightener. The coercive force of the magnetic recording film can be selected to lie between 300 and 1,000 oersteds by adjusting the pH of the bath. Thicker structures with good square loop characteristics and high coercive force can be prepared by the successive plating of two or more magnetic thin films separated by thin films of non-magnetic nickel-phosphorus.

Abstract: A multi-layer plating and method are provided for improved corrosion resistance of ferrous metal substrates and articles made therefrom. The multi-layer plating comprises a metallic coating comprising a layer of zinc or cadmium and a layer of tin, each of which are preferably between 0.00001 to 0.001 inches in thickness, followed by a layer, preferably between about 0.0001 to 0.000001 inches in thickness of either chromium or a metallic chromium substitute. The method comprises plating, and preferably electroplating, the aforementioned layers of metal over an article having ferrous metal base stock to obtain improved corrosion resistance.

Abstract: Components fabricated from titanium and titanium alloys are subjected to an ion plating with noble metals or their alloys. The structures so treated are highly resistant to oxidation at elevated temperatures and possess improved mechanical properties.

Abstract: A superconductive film of Nb.sub.3 Ge is produced by providing within a vacuum chamber a heated substrate and sources of niobium and germanium, reducing the pressure within the chamber to a residual pressure no greater than about 10.sup.-5 mm Hg, introducing nitrogen into the resulting evacuated chamber in controlled amounts and vaporizing the niobium and germanium to deposit a film of Nb.sub.3 Ge on the heated substrate.

Abstract: A superconductive film of Nb.sub.3 Ge is produced by providing within a vacuum chamber a heated substrate and sources of niobium and germanium, reducing the pressure within the chamber to a residual pressure no greater than about 10.sup.-5 mm Hg, introducing air into the resulting evacuated chamber in controlled amounts and vaporizing the niobium and germanium to deposit a film of Nb.sub.3 Ge on the heated substrate.

Abstract: A superconductive film of Nb.sub.3 Ge is produced by providing within a vacuum chamber a heated substrate and sources of niobium and germanium, reducing the pressure within the chamber to a residual pressure no greater than about 10.sup.-5 mm Hg, introducing oxygen into the resulting evacuated chamber in controlled amounts and vaporizing the niobium and germanium to deposite a film of Nb.sub.3 Ge on the heated substrate.

Abstract: A coating composition for producing high temperature, wear-resistant coatings on a metallic substrate, such as a nickel, cobalt, or iron base alloy, consisting of a cobalt base alloy with chromium, tantalum and carbon additions thereto. The basic composition may also contain one or more of aluminum, yttrium or the rare earth metals, silicon, manganese, or a dispersion of a metal oxide, such as alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3).

Abstract: A flame sprayed high energy milled powder coated article comprising a superalloy substrate and a coating consisting of chromium and at least one element selected from iron, cobalt or nickel. Optionally the coating can contain other elements, e.g., aluminum, carbon, yttrium or the rare earth elements.

Abstract: A high temperature oxidation resistant dispersion strengthened nickel-chromium alloy body is described. The alloy body comprises a first coating of metallic cobalt and a second coating of aluminum.

Abstract: A high temperature oxidation and corrosion resistant coated nickel-base superalloy article comprising (a) a nickel-base superalloy article, and (b) a first CoCrAl(Y) coating composition consisting essentially of, on a weight basis, approximately 26-32% chromium, 3-9% aluminum, 0-1% yttrium, the rare earth elements, platinum or rhodium, and the balance nickel.

Abstract: A wear and corrosion resistant alloy for lining cylinders used in extrusion and injection molding machines comprises tantalum carbide admixed with a nickel-cobalt base alloy. The cylinder lining is preferably prepared by placing a quantity of the alloy in the cylinder and capping the ends of the cylinder. The cylinder is then heated above the melting point of the alloy and spun at a high rate of speed to centrifugally coat the inner surface of the cylinder. The cylinder's end caps are then removed and the lining finished to the correct internal diameter and finish by conventional lath and hone means. The tantalum carbide added to the base alloy has an affinity for carbon and tends to reduce the free carbon in the final matrix producing a lining which has desirable hardness and corrosion resistance throughout the thickness of the lining.