Abstract: A grinding or polishing apparatus and method for grinding or polishing at least one workpiece, in particular having a ferromagnetic property, by way of barrel finishing, having at least one pot-like treatment container, mounted so as to be able to oscillate, for receiving one or more workpieces and grinding or polishing elements, also having at least one workpiece anchoring device for disposing one or more workpieces within the treatment container and for connecting the workpieces to the treatment container in a releasably secured manner, and also having at least one oscillation exciter, by means of which the treatment container can be oscillated, and in that the workpiece anchoring device comprises at least one switchable clamping plate, in particular at least one clamping plate having one or more permanent electromagnets, which is adapted such that a magnetic field emanating outwardly from a clamping surface of the clamping plate can be selectively activated or deactivated.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention generally relate to methods for chemical mechanical polishing a substrate. The methods generally include coupling a first substrate to be polished to a dummy substrate, and removing a portion of the backside of the first substrate to reduce the thickness of the first substrate. The first substrate and the dummy substrate are positioned in a carrier head assembly comprising an inflatable membrane and a support ring. The first substrate is placed in contact with a polishing pad to reduce the surface roughness of the backside of the first substrate. The support ring restricts lateral movement of the inflatable membrane to prevent the first substrate from contacting an interior surface of the carrier head assembly. The support ring is sized to allow vertical movement of the inflatable membrane within the carrier head assembly.

Abstract: A method for machining at least one workpiece with multiple process includes providing a positioning assembly and at least two machining devices, positioning the at least one workpiece on the positioning assembly, positioning the positioning assembly on one of the at least two machining devices and machining the at least one workpiece, and transferring the positioning assembly together with the at least one workpiece on other different machining devices for undergoing different machining processes.

Abstract: A method of forming and a resulting selectively polished fuser member. The method includes selectively polishing that portion of the fuser member surface not subject to rapid natural wear. The method further includes polishing both a surface region subject to rapid sheet edge wear and a surface region not subject to rapid sheet edge wear, and polishing the surface region not subject to rapid sheet edge wear more than the surface region subject to rapid sheet edge wear. The rapid natural wear corresponds to sheet edge wear on the fuser member surface.

Abstract: A surface-treating article includes an organic matrix substantially engulfed by a binder that includes a reaction product of a blocked polyurethane prepolymer and a mixture of aromatic amines. The aromatic amines include polymethylene polyaniline having a functionality equal to or greater than 4.

Abstract: A polishing pad assembly for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a polishing pad having a polishing surface and a surface opposite the polishing surface for attachment to a platen, and a solid light-transmissive window formed in the polishing pad. The light-transmissive window is more transmissive to light than the polishing pad. The light-transmissive window has a light-diffusing bottom surface.

Abstract: A system for grading the cut of a diamond utilizes a number of appearance metrics to generate scores for a number of cut components that affect cut quality. These cut components include brightness, fire, scintillation, overweight, durability, polish, and symmetry. The cut grading system employs a cut grading algorithm that processes the individual scores obtained for the cut components to generate an overall cut grade for the diamond. The scoring methodology and the cut grading algorithm are designed to emulate actual observation grading such that the overall cut grade represents a fair indication of the cut quality of the diamond. In one practical embodiment, the cut grading system is fully automated and computer-implemented.

Abstract: A carrier head for chemical mechanical polishing of a substrate includes a base and a flexible membrane extending beneath the base. The flexible membrane includes a central portion with an outer surface providing a substrate receiving surface, a perimeter portion connecting the central portion to the base, and at least one flap extending from an inner surface of the central portion. The flap divides a volume between the flexible membrane and the base into a plurality of chambers, and the flap includes a laterally extending first section and an angled second section extending beneath the first section and connecting the laterally extending first section to the central portion.

Abstract: An abrading device for abrading a floor structure comprises a first abrading assembly and a second abrading assembly. The first and second abrading assemblies each have a rotationally driven contact roll provided with a sleeve having a plurality of cutouts formed in a pattern thereon. An abrading belt is trained over the sleeve. A first oscillation assembly is connected to the first abrading assembly and oscillates the contact roll of the first abrading assembly in a first direction via a linear, reciprocating motion. A second oscillation assembly is connected to the second abrading assembly and oscillates the contact roll of the second abrading assembly in a second direction via a linear reciprocating motion. The first and second abrading assemblies consecutively abrade a top surface of the floor structure with the pattern formed by the cutouts on the respective sleeves to form a distressed visible pattern thereon.

Abstract: A method and device for honing a metal strip of arbitrary width in continuous motion, allow honing of a suspended portion of at least one side of a metal strip, being free of artifacts and automated. The device includes a device for vertically positioning an abrasive element at the surface of the strip. A device for horizontally moving the abrasive element transversely to the motion of the strip can be coupled to the vertical-positioning device and moved back and forth from one edge of the strip to the other. A first device allows uniform pressure to be applied to press the abrasive element against the strip. The first device allows a uniform pressure to be applied to a suspended portion of the strip in motion and can be coupled to a second device allowing the pressure to be adjusted according to the longitudinal tension of the suspended portion of strip.

Abstract: A hand-held polishing apparatus is provided for polishing an optical fiber connector. The optical fiber connector mounted on the end of an optical fiber includes a connector housing and a ferrule. The polishing apparatus includes a connector mount to receive and hold the optical connector to position the end face of the ferrule adjacent to a polishing media. The polishing apparatus includes a housing having an upper portion and a base portion, a drive assembly and a lubricant dispensing system. The drive assembly controls orbital movement of the optical connector and linear movement of the polishing media through the polishing device, and the lubricant dispensing system supplies a lubricant from an internal reservoir disposed with in the housing to the polishing media near the end face of the ferrule of the optical connector.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a blisk for a gas turbine, in particular an aircraft gas turbine, includes generating blade profiles from an outer contour of a forged disk by milling and/or electrochemical machining. A robot-controlled, mechanical rework is performed of blade areas, in areas of the leading and trailing edges, the annulus, the fillet, the platform and the blade tip. A specified contour according to the engineering drawing of the blisk blade areas is referenced and an actual contour is determined by visualization. A difference between the specified contour and the actual contour is then calculated. The blade areas are then finish-machined and polished in a special processing machine according to a program prepared on the basis of the calculated difference.

Abstract: Speed Sand 90 is a device designed to quickly and efficiently create accurate ninety-degree angles while sanding new drywall. The device may be modular and/or a non-modular. The non-modular version may comprise two main parts: a replacement pad and a tool portion (a perpendicularly-angled mounting beam and manipulator securer). The replacement pad may be a ninety-degree sponge with two aggregated sides. The tool portion of the device may comprise plastic or other suitable durable material. A universal ball joint, designed to accept any standard corner flushing handle, can be located at the center-back portion of the tool. The replacement pad may attach to the perpendicularly-angled mounting beam with adhesive material. The modular version may comprise slidably-removably-attachable wings having leading and trailing edges providing that the sanding device can be efficiently and effectively used in conjunction with an abrasive sponge to sand inside corners.

Abstract: A method of determining parameters for a burnishing operation includes: using a rolling burnishing element to burnish at least two segments on a selected surface of a material sample, the segments having a common width and overlapping each other by a preselected overlap value; measuring the resulting hardness of the surface; and selecting a working overlap value for a subsequent burnishing operation on a workpiece, based on the measured hardness.

Abstract: A compound chamfering device that manufactures prism-shaped ingot blocks of excellent surface smoothness is disclosed. The four-corner round surfaces and the four sides of a prism-shaped ingot obtained by using a pair of rotary blades of a slicer to perform four-side peeloff of a cylindrical ingot block are chamfered by rough grinding with a pair of cup wheel type rough grinding grindstones. A pair of cup wheel type finishing grinding grindstones are used to chamfering by finishing grinding the four-corner round surfaces and the four sides of the block.

Abstract: An abrasive article includes a support pad, a first abrasive element, a second abrasive element and a fixation mechanism. The support pad has a first major surface, a second major surface, a first edge, a second edge and a channel. The channel is formed within the first major surface and extends from the first edge to the second edge. The first and second abrasive elements are each positionable over a portion of the support pad. The fixation mechanism is positioned within the channel ad secures an edge of the first abrasive element and an edge of the second abrasive element to the support pad.

Abstract: An example finishing tool form assembly includes a base and a superabrasive bonded to a surface of the base. The superabrasive is configured to be reciprocated with the base relative to a longitudinally extending recess of a component to finish at least one surface of the component.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for converting a convention centerless grinding machine to a centerless grinding machine having a servo motor mounted inside the top slide using an internal servo motor bracket. The servo motor bracket is bolted to the spindle head assembly housing and is cantilevered into the top slide to allow required tilt adjustment of the regulating wheel with respect to the top slide while maintaining correct alignment of the servo motor with the regulating wheel spindle. The bracket includes slots allowing a servo motor belt tension to be adjusted. The tension adjustments are conveniently made through an existing opening in the top slide. Locating the servo motor inside the top slide using the internal servo motor bracket of the present invention significantly reduces conversion costs and servo motor maintenance otherwise required by the environment the centerless grinder is operated in, for example, oils and the presence of metal grindings.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for simulating a substrate being polished in a multiple carrier head per platen station when no substrate is provided in one or more of the multiple carrier heads is described. In one embodiment, a method for processing a substrate includes providing a single substrate to a polishing station adapted to process a plurality of substrates on a single polishing pad using at least a first carrier head and a second carrier head, retaining the single substrate in the first carrier head while the second carrier head remains substrate-free, urging the first carrier head and the second carrier head toward a polishing surface of the polishing pad; and providing relative movement between the polishing pad and the first carrier head.

Abstract: A method for making a utensil includes a first step of placing and stirring a mixture containing a melamine resin of 30-60%, a bamboo fiber powder of 30-60% and an adjuvant of 5% to form an evenly distributed first blank, a second step of cooling the first blank to form a second blank, a third step of pressing and molding the second blank to form a semi-product, and a fourth step of polishing the semi-product to form a final product of the utensil. Thus, all of the melamine resin, the bamboo fiber powder and the adjuvant are made of organic material so that the utensil can be decomposed naturally and will not pollute the environment when it is disposed of to achieve the environmental protection purpose.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a grinding method of a multifunction grinding machine having no need to exchange one end portion to the other end portion of a workpiece and having a more simple construction to grind both of one and the other end portions.

Abstract: [Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing contact portions between a valve plate and a suction valve and/or discharge valve of a reciprocating compressor to prevent the suction valve and/or the discharge valve from sticking on the valve plate at the portions contacting the valve plate, the productivity thereof being higher than that of the conventional method.

Abstract: An indefinite metamaterial where the surface or immediate subsurface region is roughened or disordered has improved coupling of electromagnetic waves incident on the medium. This also means that the amount of energy reflected by the material is reduced. Such a reduction in reflection may reduce the radar observability of a structure with a metamaterial surface, or increase the amount of energy coupled to a detector. An indefinite metamaterial has at least one of the components of the permittivity tensor that is different in sign from the other axes, and in a uniaxial indefinite material this differing axis is oriented perpendicular to the surface of the material. The disorder has scale dimensions of the order of a wavelength and may be random or periodic.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of grinding a continuously cast product (1), in particular a slab, wherein the continuously cast product is of rectangular cross section with two wide side faces (2 and 3) lying opposite one another and two narrow edge faces (4, 5) lying opposite one another, at least the wide side faces (2 and 3) being subjected to a surface treatment by at least one grinding tool (6). In order to be able to achieve a higher quality in the processing of the continuously cast product and to be able to collect the grinding chips in a simpler manner, the invention provides that during the grinding of a wide side face (2 and 3) of the continuously cast product (1), the continuously cast product (1) is positioned by a seat (7) such that a perpendicular (8) to the wide side face (2 and 3) of the continuously cast product (1) forms an acute angle (?) greater than zero degrees with the vertical (V). Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for grinding a continuously cast product (1).

Abstract: A grinding method of grinding the back side of a workpiece having a projection on the front side thereof. The grinding method includes a holding jig preparing step of preparing a holding jig having a circular recess and an annular projection surround the circular recess, a setting step of setting the workpiece in the circular recess of the holding jig in the condition where the back side of the workpiece is exposed, a liquid curing agent supplying step of supplying a liquid curing agent into the circular recess before or after performing the setting step, a fixing step of curing the liquid curing agent in the condition where the workpiece is set in the circular recess and the liquid curing agent is present in the circular recess, thereby fixing the workpiece in the circular recess, and a grinding step of grinding the back side of the workpiece and the annular projection of the holding jig by using grinding means after performing the fixing step.

Abstract: A faux stainless steel sheet material of ferrous carbon sheet steel core is polished in a polishing apparatus comprising a series of commercially available polishing heads each of which utilizes a polishing belt of a predetermined grit mesh and size, belt speed, belt oscillations transverse to the sheet steel conveyed direction, at predetermined conveyance rate of the sheet steel and pressure. The polishing heads scratch the material surface wherein the scratches mimic a stainless steel finish such as #4 stainless steel finish (80 mesh). An example and sample are described in one embodiment of the invention.

Abstract: A polishing apparatus is provided for polishing an optical fiber connector. The optical fiber connector includes a connector housing and a ferrule. The polishing apparatus includes a mount to receive and hold the optical connector and a polisher housing supported by a base. The polisher housing houses a polisher that comprises a platen that supports a polishing media, the platen being coupled to a planetary gear system. The mount is disposed on a cover that encloses the polisher housing when the cover is placed in a closed position. A rotatable knob is exposed at an opening of the base, the rotatable knob being engaged with the planetary gear system to move the planetary gear system. The polishing media is disposed proximate to a fiber tip extending from an end face of the ferrule of the optical connector disposed in the mount when the cover is placed in the closed position.

Abstract: A manual method and apparatus for removing scratches from automotive paint finishes by using a diamond abrasive compound applied to a handheld polishing disk/pad which effectively “scrubs” away the scratches. First, a first soft polishing pad is attached to a handgrip; second, an amount of a first diamond abrasive polishing paste is applied to the first soft polishing pad; next one manually polishes the metal trim or paint finish in situ without removing the metal trim from the vehicle by rubbing the metal trim or paint finish with the first soft polishing pad bearing the first diamond abrasive polishing paste. Thereafter, one removes the first soft pad from the hand grip and replaces it with a second soft polishing pad and applies an amount of a second diamond abrasive paste to the second soft polishing pad, the second diamond abrasive paste having a finer grit than the first diamond abrasive paste.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chemical mechanical polishing system, comprising: at least one polishing platens rotatably installed with a platen pad mounted on its upper surface; a guide rail disposed along a predetermined path; a substrate carrier unit including a rotary union to downwardly press a substrate during a polishing process, the substrate carrier unit moving along the guide rail with loading the substrate; and a docking unit installed to be docked to the substrate carrier unit so as to supply air pressure to the rotary union which downwardly presses the substrate held by the substrate carrier unit, when the substrate carrier unit is positioned over the polishing platen, whereby even though the substrate carrier unit is moved to consecutively polish the substrate on the plural polishing platens, it substantially removes a phenomenon of the twisting of air pressure supply tubes due to the movement of the substrate carrier unit.

Abstract: A one-piece hand-held sharpening device for dental instruments. The device is a sharpening stone having a continuous abrasive surface, with a uniform overall thickness, and generally corresponding flat longitudinally rectangular top face and bottom face surfaces. One side surface contains at least two longitudinal radius grooves and the opposite side face has rounded edges where it abuts the top and bottom surfaces. From either side view, it presents as an isosceles trapezoid with the top and bottom surfaces in parallel, both end surfaces with equal dimensions, and extending at equal angles from the end of the bottom surface to the end of the top surface. During sharpening, the upper end surface is aligned in parallel with a horizontal work surface. In other sharpening operations, each of the radius grooves allows proper sharpening of a different sized curette toe and the rounded edges permit sharpening of instruments with concave surfaces.

Abstract: Methods for stripping partially oxidized nitride wear or release coatings from metal workpieces comprise disrupting surface oxidation layers present on the coatings following use, and causing electrical current to flow from the workpiece and release coating to a counter electrode while the workpiece, release coating and counter electrode are immersed in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte solution.

Abstract: Lithium silicate materials are described which can be easily processed by machining to dental products without undue wear of the tools and which subsequently can be converted into lithium silicate products showing high strength.

Abstract: A post-process sizing control device is provided with origin compensation means for controlling a size measuring device to measure an actual size of a workpiece portion and for compensating the origin of a wheel head by a position compensation amount which corresponds to a difference between the actual size and a theoretical size derived from calculation and size measuring interval setting means for setting the number of workpieces which should be ground during the next size measuring interval which begins after the preceding origin compensation operation and ends with the next origin compensation operation. The size measuring interval setting means sets the number of workpieces which should be ground during the next size measuring interval, based on an average position compensation amount derived by dividing a position compensation amount for the last workpiece ground during the present size measuring interval by the number of workpieces ground during the present size measuring interval.

Abstract: A surface shape of a machining surface (4b) of a rotating elastic grindstone (4) is rendered to be a shape appropriate to a to-be-machined surface (8a) of a work (8). With the work (8) being rotated, the rotating elastic grindstone (4) is held in engagement to an end of the to-be-machined surface (8a) of the work (8). The elastic grindstone (4) is moved along a machining trajectory effective to allow the machining surface (4b) of the elastic grindstone (4), which is so formed as to suit to the to-be-machined surface (8a), to follow the to-be-machined surface (8a) of the work (8). The to-be-machined surface (8a) of the work (8) so superfinished represents a smooth surface free from any machining trace such as a crossing-angle pattern.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing nanoscale cubic boron nitride and to the nanoscale cubic boron nitride thus obtained. The method according to the invention of manufacturing nanoscale boron nitride of cubic structure is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) compression of a pyrolytic boron nitride powder having a structure of the monomodal turbostratic graphite type at a pressure of between 19 and 21 GPa and at room temperature; and b) heating of the powder under a pressure of between 19 and 21 GPa and at a temperature of between 1447° C. (1720 K) and 1547° C. (1820 K) for less than 2 minutes. The invention is applicable in particular in the field of abrasives.

Abstract: An apparatus for polishing an edge surface of a glass substrate for magnetic recording media. The apparatus includes a grindstone including abrasive grains mixed with a resin. The grindstone is configured to polish at least the edge surface of the glass substrate. The grindstone has a reentrant groove with a bottom surface and sidewall surfaces such that the bottom surface of the reentrant groove contacts the edge surface of the glass substrate and the sidewall surfaces of the reentrant groove contacts chamfered sidewalls of the glass substrate. The reentrant groove and sidewall surfaces are formed in the resin of the grindstone by pressing the glass substrate into the resin of the grindstone with a force higher than a pressing force during polishing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for releasably attaching flexible abrasive disks to a flat-surfaced platen that floats in three-point abrading contact with three rigid equal-height flat-surfaced rotatable fixed-position workpiece spindles that are mounted on a precision-flat abrading machine base where the spindle surfaces are in a common plane that is co-planar with the base surface. The three spindles are positioned to form a triangle of platen supports where the rotational-centers of each of the spindles are positioned at the center of the annular width of the platen abrading surface. Flat surfaced workpieces are attached to the spindles and the rotating floating-platen abrasive surface contacts all three rotating workpieces to perform single-sided abrading. The platen abrasive surface can be re-flattened by attaching equal-thickness abrasive disks to the three spindles that are rotated while in abrading contact with the rotating platen abrasive. There is no wear of the abrasive-disk protected platen surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for robotic devices that can be used to load and remove workpieces and abrasive disks for an abrading system having a floating, rotatable abrading platen that is three-point supported by annular, flat abrading-surface of the floating platen. The rotary spindles are mounted on the flat horizontal surface of a machine base and the spindle-top flat surfaces are aligned to be precisely co-planar with each other where the rotational-centers of each of the spindles fixed-position rotary flat-surfaced spindles. The flexible abrasive disks are releasably attached to the are positioned at the center of the annular radial-width of the platen abrading-surface. Flat-surfaced workpieces are attached to the spindle-top flat surfaces and the abrasive surface of the abrasive disk that is attached to the rotating floating-platen abrading surface contacts the workpieces to perform single-sided abrading on the workpieces.

Abstract: A grinder including a grinding unit including a grinding surface and a shaft connected to the grinding unit for rotating the grinding unit. The grinding unit includes polyurethane and a mixture of a repairer and an abrasive, and an angle ? between a plane perpendicular to a rotational axis of the shaft and the grinding surface satisfies 1°???7°.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for releasably attaching flexible abrasive disks to a flat-surfaced platen that floats in three-point abrading contact with three flat-surfaced rotatable fixed-position workpiece spindles that are mounted on spherical-rotation two-piece spindle-mount devices that are attached to a nominally-flat abrading machine base. The spindle-top flat surfaces are precisely co-planar with each other. The three spindles are positioned to form a triangle of platen supports where the rotational-centers of each of the spindles are positioned at the center of the annular width of the platen abrading-surface. Flat surfaced workpieces are attached to the spindles and the rotating floating-platen abrasive surface contacts the workpieces to perform single-sided abrading on them. The disk abrasive surfaces can be re-flattened by attaching abrasive disk-type components to the three spindles that are rotated while in abrading contact with the rotating abrasive disk.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for releasably attaching flexible abrasive disks to a flat-surfaced platen that floats in three-point abrading contact with three rigid equal-height flat-surfaced rotatable fixed-position workpiece spindles that are mounted on a precision-flat abrading machine base where the spindle surfaces are in a common plane that is co-planar with the base surface. The three spindles are positioned to form a triangle of platen supports where the rotational-centers of each of the spindles are positioned at the center of the annular width of the platen abrading surface. Flat surfaced workpieces are attached to the spindles and the rotating floating-platen abrasive surface contacts all three rotating workpieces to perform single-sided abrading. The platen abrasive surface can be re-flattened by attaching equal-thickness abrasive disks to the three spindles that are rotated while in abrading contact with the rotating platen abrasive. There is no wear of the abrasive-disk protected platen surface.

Abstract: A polishing composition contains at least abrasive grains and water and is used in polishing an object to be polished formed of a substrate material for optical devices, a substrate material for power devices, or a compound semiconductor material. The abrasive grains have a zeta potential satisfying the relationship X×Y?0, where X [mV] represents the zeta potential of the abrasive grains measured in the polishing composition and Y [mV] represents the zeta potential of the object to be polished measured during polishing using the polishing composition. The abrasive grains are preferably of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, diamond, or silicon carbide. The object to be polished is preferably of sapphire, gallium nitride, silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, indium arsenide, or indium phosphide.

Abstract: A method of forming an optical fibre tip, the method including, roughening at least part of an end portion of the optical fibre; and, etching the roughed end portion to thereby form an optical fibre tip.

Abstract: A polishing apparatus can effectively prevent abrasive particles from falling off a polishing tape during polishing. The polishing apparatus includes: a polishing head for polishing a peripheral portion of a substrate by pressing a surface of a polishing tape, having abrasive particles fixed on the surface, against the peripheral portion of the substrate while allowing the polishing tape to travel in one direction; and a conditioning apparatus, disposed upstream of the polishing head in the traveling direction of the polishing tape, for conditioning the surface of the polishing tape in advance in order to prevent the abrasive particles from falling off the surface of the polishing tape during polishing.

Abstract: In a throttle body, a passive film and a corrosion-resistant film are stacked in that order on a substrate of aluminum. The passive film has a concave part on its corrosion-resistant film side. A metal layer is provided in the concave part. In shot blasting, upon collision of a blasting material against the corrosion-resistant film, a part of the blasting material is separated and adhered onto the resultant concaves to form the metal layer. For example, aluminum having a purity of not less than 98% is selected as the blasting material.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for treating or maintaining a hard surface comprising a stone or stone-like material, the method comprising treatment of the surface with a flexible pad, in the presence of abrasive particles, bonded to the pad, on a contact surface between the pad and the hard surface, wherein the abrasive particles comprise diamond particles, and the treatment is performed in the absence of an effective amount of crystallization agent on the contact surface. The treatment is performed on a substantially regular basis, such as daily, weekly or monthly, and the treatment is performed using a pad comprising an open, lofty, three dimensional non-woven webs of fibers. A tool for use in the method is also provided, as well as a floor-surfacing machine comprising such a tool and a method for manufacturing such a tool. Furthermore, methods for treating or maintaining hard, smooth surfaces such as wood, polymer material, lacquer, linoleum, gelcoat, glass and automotive enamel are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention is related to the process of polishing the optically critical surface of the front piece as well as the back piece, or non-optical surface, used to make molds used in double-sided molding process to make contact lens for reducing warpage of the mold, radius changes in different cavities and amount of cylindrical distortion. The polishing of both of the front piece and back piece causes the mold material to see a very similar coefficient of friction on both top and bottom surface and provides uniform flow front.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a CMP abrasive comprising cerium oxide particles, a dispersant, an organic polymer having an atom or a structure capable of forming a hydrogen bond with a hydroxyl group present on a surface of a film to be polished and water, a method for polishing a substrate comprising polishing a film to be polished by moving a substrate on which the film to be polished is formed and a polishing platen while pressing the substrate against the polishing platen and a polishing cloth and supplying the CMP abrasive between the film to be polished and the polishing cloth, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising the steps of the above-mentioned polishing method, and an additive for a CMP abrasive comprising an organic polymer having an atom or a structure capable of forming a hydrogen bond with a hydroxyl group present on a surface of a film to be polished, and water.

Abstract: Abrasive grain powder, in particular intended for machining silicon ingots, such that the granulometric fraction D40-D60 comprises more than 15% and less than 80%, as percentages by volume, of grains having circularity of less than 0.85.

Abstract: A system and method for thermal management of a device under test (DUT). In particular, a system is described for performing optical microscopy. The system includes a heat spreader window that consists of substantially undoped silicon. The window is configured to be coupled to a back side of a substrate of a DUT such that thermal energy from the DUT is spread to the heat spreader window. A contact region is coupled to the heat spreader window. The contact region is configured for contact with a solid immersion lens (SIL) optical system for optical examination of the DUT. A heat exchanger is coupled to the heat spreader window for removing the thermal energy from the DUT during its operation, wherein the heat exchanger is configured to allow access to the heat spreader window.