Abstract: A system and method of operating a vehicle powertrain that employs active control to reduce NVH, particularly during idle. The method includes selectively operating the powertrain in at least a non-idle condition and an idle condition; receiving vibration signals from a sensor disposed on an internal combustion engine; controlling spark timing of the internal combustion engine based on vibration signals received from the sensor; and during the idle condition, modifying a speed and/or a load of the internal combustion engine based on vibration signals received from the sensor.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling an engine using feedback from one or more sensors are disclosed. An illustrative control system for controlling a diesel engine may include one or more post-combustion sensors adapted to directly sense at least one constituent of exhaust gasses emitted from the exhaust manifold of the engine, and a state observer for estimating the internal state of the diesel engine based on feedback signals received from the post-combustion sensors and from subsequent use of the estimated state in a controller that sends the actuator setpoints. The post-combustion sensors can be configured to directly measure emissions such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and/or particulate matter (PM) within the exhaust stream, and provide such information to a state observer that, in turn, updates an internal dynamical state based on these measurements.

Abstract: A method, system, and machine-readable storage medium for determining a predetermined operating condition of an internal combustion engine are disclosed. In operation, the method, system and machine-readable storage medium measure a cylinder pressure in at least one combustion chamber at a predetermined point in a combustion cycle. Next, the method, system, and machine-readable storage medium determine at least a first value for an operating parameter of the engine using the measured cylinder pressure, determine a second value for the operating parameter of the engine using data received from at least one engine sensor, and then generate a predetermined signal if a difference between the first value and the second value has a predetermined relationship.

Abstract: A method and device for operating an internal combustion engine, which diagnose and/or adapt the exhaust-gas recirculation system for, in particular, multibranch internal combustion engines. In this context, the internal combustion engine includes at least one adsorption catalyst in at least one exhaust branch. In addition, at least one exhaust-gas recirculation duct is provided, which is equipped with an exhaust-gas recirculation valve and feeds exhaust gas from the at least one exhaust branch back into at least one air-supply duct, a level of pollutant stored in the at least one adsorption catalyst being ascertained in a first operating state of the internal combustion engine when the exhaust-gas recirculation valve is at least partially open, so that a first value for the pollutant level is produced. In a second operating state of the internal combustion engine, a second value for the pollutant level in the at least one adsorption catalyst is ascertained when exhaust-gas recirculation valve is closed.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine control device is configured to take a fuel property into account when compensating for torque decline that occurs when a prescribed combustion control mode is executed. The internal combustion engine control device is configured to calculate a first modification coefficient designed to modify a first torque correction coefficient corresponding to a air-fuel ratio based on the specific gravity of the fuel, a second modification coefficient designed to modify a second torque correction coefficient corresponding to a working gas quantity based on the specific gravity of the fuel, and a third modification coefficient designed to modify a third torque correction coefficient corresponding to a fuel injection timing based on an aromatic component content ratio of the fuel.

Abstract: A system and method for indicating required maintenance of an air filter used with an internal combustion engine. The system includes a throttle plate for adjusting an amount of airflow passing into cylinders of the engine. The system includes a throttle plate position sensor and a processor. The processor is responsive to a throttle plate position signal produced by the throttle plate sensor, for determining, as a function of such throttle plate position signal, whether the air filter is in need of maintenance. When a manifold absolute pressure sensor is provided, the processor is responsive to a first reading of such manifold absolute pressure sensor taken at a first time and at a second reading of the manifold absolute pressure sensor taken at a second time, for determining, as a function of a difference between such first and second readings whether the air filter is in need of maintenance.

Abstract: A homogeneous charge compression ignition engine that prevents knocking and misfires when changing output and when the load or air-fuel ratio changes due to one reason or another when operating under a predetermined condition. A controller determines whether or not the air-fuel ratio is changing in such a manner that there is a possibility of knocking or misfires occurring by using a map defining a range, in which stable homogeneous charge compression ignition operation is enabled, in relation with the air-fuel ratio and the intake air temperature. When the air-fuel ratio indicates that there is a possibility of knocking or misfires occurring, the controller controls an intake air temperature adjustor to adjust the intake air temperature based on the map.

Abstract: The invention takes account of the residual gas exiting from the cylinder in order to reliably determine the air mass drawn in. To this end, the dependency of the air mass drawn in on the intake pressure is divided into three areas, from which the average area is modeled as a non-linear dependency of the air mass drawn in on the intake pressure.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control apparatus for a multiple cylinder engine, having catalytic converters and air-fuel ratio sensors in an exhaust manifold, comprises exhaust air-fuel ratio variation determining means which determines a variation in exhaust air-fuel ratio between one cylinder and other cylinders in one cylinder group when an exhaust air-fuel ratio on one of the rich side and the lean side with respect to a predetermined value is detected as to the one cylinder twice in succession, an exhaust air-fuel ratio on the other one of the rich side and the lean side from the exhaust air-fuel ratio of the one cylinder, and combustion air-fuel ratio control means which feedback-compensates the quantity of fuel injected into the one cylinder, and feedback-compensated the quantity of fuel injected into the other cylinder in a direction opposite to the direction in which the quantity of fuel injected into the one cylinder is compensated.

Abstract: A method, system, and machine-readable storage medium for determining a predetermined operating condition of an internal combustion engine are disclosed. In operation, the method, system and machine-readable storage medium measure a cylinder pressure in at least one combustion chamber at a predetermined point in a combustion cycle. Next, the method, system, and machine-readable storage medium determine at least a first value for an operating parameter of the engine using the measured cylinder pressure, determine a second value for the operating parameter of the engine using data received from at least one engine sensor, and then generate a predetermined signal if a difference between the first value and the second value has a predetermined relationship.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system of the present invention comprises a first catalyst which contains a noble metal and reduces hydrocarbons contained in exhaust gas, and a second catalyst which is disposed downstream of the first catalyst and contains ?-zeolite. In the exhaust gas purifying system, a mixed gas having an air-fuel ratio of not less than 25 is burned in an internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine discharges the exhaust gas having an oxygen concentration of not less than 4% continuously or intermittently.

Abstract: The invention provides a system that controls the air intake pressure of a venturi mixer in an air/fuel ratio control system for gaseous fueled engines to match the fuel vaporizer/regulator output pressure (negative pressure) or to a desired set point of a fuel vaporizer/regulator connected to the fuel inlet of the venturi mixer. A differential pressure control valve in the air intake upstream of the venturi is used, which results in negative pressure vaporizer/regulators being compatible with the constant air/fuel ratio fluidic control principle of the venturi mixer. A differential pressure sensor or estimated differential pressure based on airflow and valve position is used in one embodiment to control the venturi intake air pressure to the desired set point. The set point may be zero or biased by an outer control loop of an engine controller.

Abstract: The present invention includes an engine diagnostic method and routine, wherein a method of using an ionization signal to perform an engine diagnostic routine includes the steps of detecting the ionization signal; integrating the ionization signal over a first sampling window to generate a first integration ionization value; detecting a peak of the ionization signal over said first sampling window to generate a first peak ionization value; integrating the ionization over a second sampling window to generate a second integration ionization value; detecting a peak of the ionization signal over a second sampling window to generate a second peak ionization value; and diagnosing the engine using said ionization signal.

Abstract: A premixed charge compression ignition engine, and a control system, is provided which effectively initiates combustion by compression ignition and maintains stable combustion while achieving extremely low nitrous oxide emissions, good overall efficiency and acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressures. The present engine and control system effectively controls the combustion history, that is, the time at which combustion occurs, the rate of combustion, the duration of combustion and/or the completeness of combustion, by controlling the operation of certain control variables providing temperature control, pressure control, control of the mixture's autoignition properties and equivalence ratio control. The combustion control system provides active feedback control of the combustion event and includes a sensor, e.g. pressure sensor, for detecting an engine operating condition indicative of the combustion history, e.g. the start of combustion, and generating an associated engine operating condition signal.

Abstract: A combustion control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, including an exhaust gas purifier, and a control unit programmed to selectively implement a first combustion mode and a second combustion mode, the second combustion mode providing main combustion and preliminary combustion at or near compression top dead center prior to the main combustion, and starting the main combustion after the preliminary combustion is completed. The control unit is programmed to switch from the first combustion mode to the second combustion mode when a request to switch from the first combustion mode to the second combustion mode is made based on a condition of the exhaust gas purifier, and the engine continues to operate for a predetermined time or longer under condition enabling the second combustion mode.

Abstract: The identification of a leak in the intake port (1) of an internal combustion engine (3) with lambda regulation (8) can be performed by the generation of an evaluation signal in accordance with a control signal of the lambda regulation (8) and the monitoring of the evaluation signal with respect to the transgression of a limiting value. If a leak occurs in the intake port (1), the internal combustion engine (3) receives an additional air mass, which is not registered by an air mass sensor (2). The additional air mass is compensated by the lambda regulation (8) by means of an increase in the value of the control signal, in such a way that the likewise increased value of the evaluation signal can be used for identifying leaks in the intake port (1). In this way, it is possible to determine, in particular, if a crank housing ventilation (5) of the internal combustion engine (3) is still connected correctly to the intake port (1).

Abstract: An engine system includes an engine having an intake manifold and a supercharger that supplies compressed air to the intake manifold. An engine control module calculates a desired pre-supercharged pressure of air into the supercharger and calculates a desired manifold air flow into the engine. The engine control module determines a desired throttle area based on the desired pre-supercharged pressure and the desired manifold air flow and generates control signals to control the engine based on the desired throttle area.

Abstract: An engine control system provides a gas concentration detection output irrespective of variation in product or change due to passage of time using an on-vehicle exhaust gas sensor. An exhaust gas sensor 107 and an electric heater 119 are connected to a microprocessor 120a, and an oxygen-concentration detection output Ip of exhaust gas, a calibration signal Vc and an internal resistance detection signal Vr are inputted through A/D converter 125. A program memory 121a stores standard characteristic data of the exhaust gas sensor 107. An atmospheric air oxygen-concentration detection output Ip0 under fuel-cut drive is measured and monitored. The electric heater 119 controls temperature so that the output coincides with the stored value. Current internal resistance of the exhaust gas sensor 107 is read and stored as target resistance. In normal driving, the electric heater 119 is controlled so that the internal resistance becomes the target resistance.

Abstract: A working medium supply control system in a heat exchanger is provided. The heat exchanger (14) carries out heat exchange between an exhaust gas flowing through an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine (11) and water flowing through a heat transfer tube (13), and the exhaust gas thereby heats the water to generate steam at a target temperature. The system is provided with a plurality of flow control valves (17a to 17j) that can individually regulate the amount of water supplied to a plurality of headers provided in the heat transfer tube (13), and control means (21) individually controls the amounts of water supplied via the respective flow control valves (17a to 17j) based on the rotational speed and the load of the internal combustion engine (11).

Abstract: The invention relates to a mounting device for mounting an exhaust gas recirculation valve connected to an exhaust gas reflux passage of an engine. A valve housing is mounted on a cooling water circulating part from an engine block, as well as the valve housing forms a part of a cooling water passage. Therefore, an intense heat of the exhaust gas can be absorbed in and radiated by the cooling water. In this manner, an abnormal over heat of a stepping motor due to the intense heat of the exhaust gas is prevented without forming any cooling water passage around the valve housing.

Abstract: An improved fuel injector is disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention, the fuel injector includes a first fluid input for receiving a first fluid; a second fluid input for receiving a second fluid; and a drop ejector configured to discretely eject fluid in a digital manner, wherein the drop ejector is further configured to receive the first and second fluids and to eject discrete droplets of the first fluid and discrete droplets of the second fluid. In another embodiment of the invention, the fuel injector includes a drop ejector configured to discretely eject fluid in a digital manner, wherein the drop ejector includes a first set of firing chambers and a second set of firing chambers, wherein each firing chamber of the first set has a first volume, and wherein each firing chamber of the second set has a second volume.

Abstract: A catalyst comprising rhodium on a support, the support comprising 52-95% zirconia and 5-48% rare earth oxide, based on the total weight of (a) and (b), the concentration of the rhodium on the support being 0.035-0.35% based on the total weight of the rhodium and the support, and the catalyst containing 1.2-4.0 g per in3 (g per 16.4 cm3) in total of (a) and (b).

Abstract: A process and a device for controlling selective cylinder filling in combustion engines with a variable valve drive, where the valve stroke and/or the valve opening and closing times of the cylinder intake valves are controllable. In order to ensure satisfactory idling quality also in direct fuel-injection engines in spite of the occurring production tolerances, at least one input magnitude is determined on whose basis conclusions can be drawn as to the filling level or filling level differences of each cylinder. From this input magnitude, a control signal for the variable valve operation is determined such that differing filling levels of the cylinder can be balanced out by adjusting the valve drive.

Abstract: In apparatus and method for calculating a mass air quantity sucked into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine, income and outgo calculations between a mass air quantity flowing into an intake manifold and that flowing out from the intake manifold is performed to calculate the mass air quantity within the intake manifold and calculates a mass air quantity sucked into a corresponding cylinder of the engine on the basis of the mass air quantity within the intake manifold and a volume of the corresponding cylinder; and the mass air quantity within the intake manifold calculated as a result of the income and outgo calculations of the mass air quantity during a stop of the engine is corrected on the basis of a crank angular position during a step of the engine to calculate finally the mass air quantity within the intake manifold during the stop of the engine.

Abstract: An exhaust line for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine having a catalytic converter, the exhaust line being located upstream of the catalytic converter with respect to the flow direction of exhaust. The exhaust line has an externally applied heat-conducting layer preferably made of a metallic material and an internally disposed insulating layer made of a heat-insulating material. The insulating layer and the heat-conducting layer are connected directly and forcewise with one another. The layer thickness of the insulating layer is less than 2 mm, the specific heat capacity c of the insulating layer is less than 106 J/(m3h), and the heat diffusivity &kgr; of the insulating layer is less than 0.01 cm2/s.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine can include a fuel molecular weight sensor to determine an actual and a desired Excess Air Ratio for an air/fuel mixture supplied to the engine. To prevent engine overload, the control system limits the amount of fuel delivered to the engine based on the amount of air available to the engine. High pressure exhaust gas can drive an air compressor which pressurizes inlet air. A exhaust bypass valve controls the amount of power delivered to the compressor, and the pressure and amount of inlet air delivered to the engine. Independent control of the main fuel flow and pilot fuel flow allows the control system to maintain a desired air/fuel ratio in the main combustion chamber and in the precombustion chamber.

Abstract: In an engine exhaust system including a DC power source, an apparatus and method for electrically heating a catalyst, the apparatus comprising a multi-phase AC alternator in electrically operable relation to the DC power source, the AC alternator rectifying the AC to DC by a diode rectifier bridge. A device for switching power supplied from the multi-phase AC alternator to the battery to the electrically heated catalyst, the relay device in electrically operable relation with the multi-phase AC alternator. An electrically heated catalyst in electrically operable relation with the switching device is also provided, the catalytic converter including a catalyst for purifying exhaust gases of the engine and a heating element for bringing the catalytic converter expediently within peak operating temperature. The invention further includes a device for energizing and de-energizing the switching device, the energizing and de-energizing device in electrically operable relation with the switching device.

Abstract: A control system for an internal combustion engine can include a fuel molecular weight sensor to determine an actual and a desired Excess Air Ratio for an air/fuel mixture supplied to the engine. To prevent engine overload, the control system limits the amount of fuel delivered to the engine based on the amount of air available to the engine. High pressure exhaust gas can drive an air compressor which pressurizes inlet air. A exhaust bypass valve controls the amount of power delivered to the compressor, and the pressure and amount of inlet air delivered to the engine. Independent control of the main fuel flow and pilot fuel flow allows the control system to maintain a desired air/fuel ratio in the main combustion chamber and in the precombustion chamber.

Abstract: With an electronic control device for an internal combustion engine using an oxygenated compound mixed fuel, operating conditions of the engine are detected, and are utilized to determine fundamental control data for the engine, while the dielectric constant and the refractive index of an oxygenated compound mixed fuel supplied to the engine are detected, and the oxygenated compound content of the mixed fuel is calculated according to the dielectric constant thus detected. The refractive index, and the oxygenated compound content are utilized to estimate the distillation characteristic of the petroleum refined fuel in the mixed fuel. The fundamental control data are corrected by using first correction data determined from the oxygenated compound content and second correction data determined from the distillation characteristic.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying combustion gas to an internal combustion engine. The apparatus generates negatively-charged molecules of the formula [MO.sub.x ].sup.-, where M is a positive ion, O is oxygen and x is a number at least equal to 3, and means for mixing the molecules with combustion gas and fuel supplied to the engine. Molecules [MO.sub.x ].sup.- are produced in an ion generator that comprises a specially shaped anode and cathode spaced apart from each other in a non-conducting housing. When a substantially constant voltage is applied across the anode and cathode, a plasma forms between and around them that in turn forms a magnetic field around the plasma and the anode. Diatomic oxygen molecules enter the housing and are polarized by the magnetic field and the resulting oxygen ions accelerated toward the plasma.

Abstract: The invention includes a flat plate exhaust sensor including a flat plate sensing element which is carried by a first ceramic insulator having at its upper end an upwardly extending annular ring. The annular ring defines a disc-shaped recess which is filled with a glass seal. Thus, the glass seal extends from the flat plate sensor to the annular ring of the ceramic insulator. The sensor includes an upper tubular shell which includes at the lower end a leg portion which extends inside an inner wall of a lower tubular shell. The leg portion includes a foot which is bent to match an outwardly extending sloped annular shoulder formed on an upper insulator. The upper insulator is seated on the glass seal. An intermediate gasket is formed by an active metal braze gasket between the foot and the outwardly extending sloped annular shoulder of the upper insulator. An external seal is provided by a braze ring which joins an upper end of the lower tubular shell to the upper tubular shell.

Abstract: A system for controlling fuel injection for an internal combustion engine has a fuel injector provided for injecting fuel directly in a cylinder, a cylinder pressure detector for detecting pressure in the cylinder at fuel injection, a calculator for producing a correcting coefficient in accordance with a difference between the cylinder pressure and fuel pressure, and a correcting means by multiplying the correcting coefficient to a fuel injection time, thereby changing a fuel injection duration in accordance with a change of the fuel injection timing.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio feedback control method for a multi-fuel internal combustion engine using a dual O.sub.2 sensor system is provided, in which the concentration of oxygen in exhaust gas on the upstream side of an exhaust gas purifier is detected, a value corresponding to the detected oxygen concentration is compared with a first target value, and the air-fuel ratio is feedback-controlled in accordance with the result of the comparison. The mixture ratio of at least two fuels is detected, and a second target value is set in accordance with the detected fuel mixture ratio. On the other hand, the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas on the downstream side of the exhaust gas purifier is detected, and a value corresponding to the detected downstream-side oxygen concentration is obtained. The first target value is corrected in accordance with the difference between the obtained value and the second target value.

Abstract: In methods for adaptively adjusting a fuel/air mixture, the adaptation factor is rapidly adjusted to take fuel characteristics into account when it develops that after tanking, poor control results are obtained with the adaptation factor previously applicable. As soon as there is an adjustment again to good control results, the conventional relatively slow adaptation is carried out. These methods afford the advantage that they can be carried out without special expensive mixture sensors.

Abstract: An improved carburetion process providing improved vaporization and a more uniform distribution of the fuel throughout the entire mass of the intake air stream of an internal combustion engine. A cylinder-cone combination air intake valve replaces the conventional butterfly type. Intermingling of fuel and air takes place in a pre-mix chamber in said cone base prior to exiting via multiple orifices through the cone base perimeter to mix with the main intake air stream. Metering rod control of pre-mix chamber absolute pressures results in variable but precisely controllable fuel/air ratios.

Abstract: A plate valve type electromagnetic fuel injection valve according to the present invention is directed to achieving excellent atomization of fuel. The electromagnetic fuel injection valve is characterized by the provision of a fuel rotating element for causing fuel to flow in a circle. In this way, the fuel is made to flow in a circle, and this accelerates atomization of the fuel.

Abstract: Several embodiments of outboard motor fuel feed systems wherein a position responsive valve is interposed between a remotely positioned fuel tank and the engine charge former for precluding the inadvertant flow of fuel to the charge former when the outboard motor is tilted up. In each embodiment, the valve is a gravity responsive valve and in another embodiment a pressure responsive valve member is provided for ensuring fuel flow when the outboard motor is again tilted down to its normal running position.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine piston and combustion chamber are configured to produce controlled reaction of the fuel supplied to the working chamber with prolonged supply of air to the reaction zone over the combustion/expansion part of the engine operating cycle. After an axially stratified charge, with little or no fuel near the piston working face, is established in the working chamber of the engine, part of the air is transferred during the compression of the charge into an air chamber near the working face of the piston which communicates with the working chamber through a restricted gap orifice.

Abstract: Closed organ pipe resonance is induced in the cylinder of a piston I.C. engine by using a resonating mass of gas in a chamber in the piston adjacent its working face, the chamber and cylinder volume being connected by a restricted orifice. The organ pipe resonance is induced during the expansion part of the combustion cycle to cause intimate mixing of the reacting fuel and air charge.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel metering and distribution system for an internal combustion engine comprising an open fuel reservoir 18 into which fuel is metered and a set of capillary tubes 20 each extending from the fuel reservoir 18 to a point in an induction manifold adjacent the intake valve of a respective one of the engine cylinders. The fuel may either be metered by a carburettor-like arrangement drawing fuel from a float chamber or by means of a single solenoid valve connected between the reservoir and a source of fuel under pressure. The ends of the fine tubes terminate in the fuel reservoir immediately above the fuel level, whereby as the fuel rises, the additional fuel metered into the reservoir is sucked into the fine tubes and transferred directly to the engine cylinders.

Abstract: A very low pressure fuel injection system uses an engine driven mechanical fuel pump to supply fuel at low pressure to a fuel devaporizing chamber normally filled with liquid fuel and in which is immersed the body portion of an electronically opened fuel injector positioned to spray fuel axially into the upper end of the induction passage of an air throttling body, the chamber containing a fuel pressure accumulator and a fuel pressure regulator maintaining the fuel pressure at a level slightly below the pump delivery pressure and at the injection level, the fuel chamber being rapidly purged of vapors during engine cranking and running operations.

Abstract: An electromagnetically actuatable valve, especially an injection valve for fuel injection systems which supply internal combustion engines with fuel, is proposed in which the fuel injection valve encompasses a valve chamber and a core upon which a magnetic coil is mounted by means of a carrier body. Fuel supply openings discharge into a flow passage provided around the magnetic coil. Vapor bubbles dissolved in the fuel may be flushed out of the flow passage via a first restriction into fuel return openings which communicate with a fuel return line. On the other hand, the fuel may flow from the flow passage into the collecting chamber which houses a valve component and a valve seat. Vapor bubbles which may appear near the valve component may be flushed out via a second restriction which is provided in the interior of a core to reach the fuel return openings. Thus, disturbances with fuel injection, especially during the "hot start" of the internal combustion engine, are avoided.

Abstract: A fuel-supply control system for a gas-turbine engine includes a fuel injector opening into an engine combustion chamber, and a reservoir connected to the fuel injector. At least two different lines are each connected at one end to the reservoir. These lines are permitted to pass fuel therethrough to supply the fuel to the combustion chamber via the reservoir and the fuel injector. Metering valves whose number is equal to the number of the lines are arranged each in the lines in such a manner that the lengths of the lines from the corresponding metering valve to the reservoir are different from each other. The metering valves are changed from one of open and closed states to the other when energized. A sensor is provided for detecting a certain engine operating condition. A controller is connected to the sensor for producing a pulse train whose duty cycle depends on the engine operating condition. The pulse train is fed to the metering valves to open them periodically.

Abstract: A fuel injection system includes a pump including a pump plunger and electromagnetic means for actuating the plunger against the action of a spring. The electromagnetic means includes a winding which is energized to cause delivery of fuel. First electronic means is provided to cause energization of the winding when delivery of fuel is required and second electronic means operable to cause de-energization of the winding. The second electronic means includes a comparator which receives a required fuel signal and a signal from a transducer which provides a signal representative of the plunger position. When the predetermined movement of the plunger has taken place the winding is de-energized to allow the plunger to return under the action of the spring.

Abstract: The fuel-air mixture preparation system of an internal combustion engine is engaged by signals from a plurality of oxygen sensors located in the exhaust system of the engine. More than one sensor is provided to improve the quality of the output signals in unfavorable engine operation. The individual sensors are provided with comparators which make a comparison between the sensor output and a set-point signal. The output signals from the comparators are fed to a logically controlled coupling circuit which presents them in cyclic alternation to an integrating control circuit which provides a control signal to the final control element in the fuel mixture preparation system for changing the fuel-air ratio. The coupling circuit may also provide a signal based on the logical states of the individual sensor signals.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control device capable of accurately controlling the air-fuel ratio of the mixture to be supplied to the engine, without being affected by the external conditions such as the atmospheric pressure and the temperature of the air drawn into the engine. The control signal of the air-fuel ratio control device contains a sensitivity component whose magnitude varies in proportion to a time of duration for which the "rich" or "lean" input signal has continued, so that the air-fuel ratio of the mixture can be properly controlled for all engine running conditions, i.e., either when the engine is running under a light load condition or under a heavy load condition.

Abstract: An engine air and fuel controller for a vehicle internal combustion engine is described wherein the mass fuel flow rate is controlled directly in response to vehicle operater command. The engine throttle is positioned by an electronic controller in response to the fuel flow rate to achieve a mass air flow rate determined to produce a scheduled air/fuel ratio. The controller includes a circuit which is responsive to the engine speed to limit the minimum value of the commanded fuel flow rate in accord with a predetermined schedule at a rate whereat the engine throttle is controlled to a scheduled open position during engine overrun conditions to improve engine operation.

Abstract: An oil burner with a combustion chamber has a microwave energy source connected to the fuel supply line to heat the fuel and connected to the air supply line to apply an electric field at the nozzle to the fuel spray and the area of combustion in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Dispensing means for dosing a liquid fuel tank of an internal combustion engine with a unit dosage of colloidal magnesium metal dispersed in kerosene comprising a container, cap metering valve at the container bottom and a delivery line from the outlet of the valve between the fuel pump and the carburetor or air injector.

Abstract: An economy throttle body for a single point fuel injection system is disclosed. The throttle body is formed from two integrally molded throttle body members. An upper member contains provision for the mounting two electronic solenoid injectors and an arrangement of fuel control passages while a lower throttle body member is utilized to mount the throttle body onto an engine manifold and contains the air induction bores and throttle assemblies of the system. Hot fuel handling capability is provided by a heat resistant thermal isolation seal separating the upper and lower throttle body members. Upwardly canted fuel delivery passages further enhance the hot fuel handling capability of the upper throttle body member.