Abstract: Esters of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol are prepared by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran in a reaction mixture which contains, in addition to the tetrahydrofuran, and acylium ion precursor such as acetic anhydride, a polymeric catalyst which contains sulfonic acid groups and, optionally, a carboxylic acid such as acetic acid.

Abstract: Conjugated dienes or monoolefins are converted to diesters in a process utilizing a catalyst system comprising an alkali metal compound and a sulfur source comprising elemental sulfur or a sulfur halide, optionally with a halide source, in carboxylic acid media.

Abstract: Compositions stabilized against premature polymerization are disclosed. These compositions contain(a) a vinyl or vinylidene monomer capable of free radical polymerization, and(b) a polymerization inhibitor having the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sub.1, r.sub.2, r.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are alkyl groups containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, andR.sub.5, r.sub.6, r.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are hydrogen or alkyl groups containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms provided that only two of these may be a secondary or a tertiary alkyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel benzo(b) bicyclo[3.3.1]nones of the general formula I: ##STR1## and a salt or nitrogen oxide thereof, in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 stand for hydrogen, alkyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 1-6 carbon atoms, an optionally substituted aralkyl group or an acyl group orR.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the nitrogen atom represent a heterocyclic 5- or 6-membered ringR.sub.3 is a free, etherified or esterified hydroxy,X and Y stand for hydrogen, hydroxy, halogen, alkyl or alkoxy of 1-6 C-atoms, nitro, CF.sub.3 or an acyloxy group, having valuable biological activities, particularly anorectic activity.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to D-homosteroids. More particularly, the disclosure is concerned with 19-nor-D-homopregnanes, a process for the manufacture thereof and pharmaceutical preparations containing same.

Abstract: Compounds are provided having the structure ##STR1## wherein n is 1, 2 or 3, m is 0, 1 or 2, R.sub.1 R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 may be the same or different and can be hydrogen, lower alkyl, halo-lower alkyl, acyl, lower alkoxy-carbonyl ##STR2## amido ##STR3## or lower alkoxylakylene, X is a straight or branched bivalent aliphatic radical and Y is ##STR4## These compounds are useful in the treatment of hypertension.

Abstract: Mono-, di- and tri-esters of 3-(hydroxy or hydroxymethyl)-4-hydroxy-.alpha.-(aminomethyl)benzyl alcohols, obtained by methods involving reduction of the corresponding mono- and di-ester ketones, are useful for producing sympathomimetic effects, such as bronchodilation, of long duration with low cardiovascular stimulating effect, in warm-blooded mammals.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to steroids. More particularly, the disclosure is concerned with D-homosteroids, a process for the manufacture thereof and pharmaceutical preparations containing same. The subject D-homosteroids have high endocrinal activity and are particularly active as anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: Unsaturated diesters are produced by a process which comprises reacting, in a flowing gaseous phase, a gaseous mixture comprising a conjugated diene, a carboxylic acid and molecular oxygen in the presence of (A) a catalyst comprising palladium, vanadium, antimony and at least one alkali metal carboxylate, or in the presence of (B) a catalyst comprising palladium, vandium, antimony, at least one alkali metal carboxylate and at least one alkali metal halide. The catalyst (A) maintains a high activity and a high selectivity for a long time. The catalyst (B), in which further the alkali metal halide is added, shows a higher activity and a higher selectivity for a longer time. And its activity and selectivity are stable and durable at high temperatures such as 160.degree. - 200.degree. C. Furthermore, the addition of the alkali metal halide suppresses combustion reaction of dienes such as butadiene remarkably.

Abstract: Anilide derivative compounds of the formula ##STR1## e.g., trans-N-(2-hydroxycyclopentyl)-3',4'-dichloropropionanilide, have been found to possess potent Central Nervous System (CNS) antidepressant properties.These compounds are promising antidepressant drugs which are characterized by less toxicity than imipramine, and long-acting activity which may allow longer durations between administrations, e.g., once a day. Pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and a process for treating conditions of depression with these compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Fungus and mold growth in crops and organic matter are inhibited by the use of bis-carboxylic acid esters and compositions thereof. In a preferred embodiment, crops and animal feedstuffs are preserved during storage by applying a microbiocidal amount of a mono-, di or trioxymethylene, or lower alkylidene bis-alkanoate, or a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Prostaglandin analogs with the following cyclopentane ring structure: ##STR1## are disclosed along with intermediates useful in their preparation and processes for their preparation. These analogs are useful for some of the same pharmacological purposes as the prostanglandins, particularly and especially as blood platelet aggregation inhibitors.

Abstract: 1,2-Glycol esters are obtained particularly advantageously, by reacting an olefin with molecular oxygen and a carboxylic acid, if a reaction product of o-titanic acid with low molecular weight alcohols or carboxylic acids, e.g. dititanium hexaacetate, is used as the catalyst.

Abstract: Unsaturated glycol diesters are prepared at high reaction rates, high degrees of conversion and high selectivity, by reacting a conjugated diene, a carboxylic acid and oxygen, in the presence of an improved active solid catalyst, in the liquid phase. The improved catalyst of the invention comprises palladium containing thorium as a promotor. In the preferred embodiment, butadiene and acetic acid are reacted with oxygen to produce the desired 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butene at high conversions and selectivity.

Abstract: Diacyloxy olefins are prepared by the reaction of a conjugated diolefin with a carboxylic acid in the presence of free oxygen and a Group VIB metal oxide.

Abstract: Novel liquid crystal materials which are trans-4-alkylcyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid esters are provided having the general formula: ##STR1## where R is a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may also contain a chiral center, containing up to ten carbon atoms and X is selected from the groups: ##STR2## where A is a cyano group, a normal or branched chain alkyl group, which may also contain a chiral center, containing up to ten carbon atoms or an alkoxy group in which the alkyl group is as defined immediately above, and where Y is a halogen, preferably chlorine, or hydrogen.

Abstract: Carboxylic acids may be esterified by reaction with esters in the presence of a catalytic amount of a tin halide catalyst, the reaction being effected at temperatures ranging from about 0.degree. to about 150.degree. C.

Abstract: Compositions stabilized against premature polymerization are disclosed. These compositions contain(a) a vinyl or vinylidene monomer capable of free radical polymerization, and(b) a polymerization inhibitor having the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sub.1, r.sub.2, r.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are alkyl groups containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, andR.sub.5, r.sub.6, r.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are hydrogen or alkyl groups containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms provided that only two of these may be a secondary or a tertiary alkyl group.

Abstract: This disclosure describes novel 15,16-dioxy prostenoic acids and esters useful as bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory agents, hypotensives and gastric acid secretion inhibitors.

Abstract: Prostan-1-ol esters and intermediates for their preparation are described; the former compounds exhibit improved organ specificity and a longer duration of activity at lower dosages than the corresponding non-esterified prostaglandins and are useful, inter alia, in triggering abortion, inducing labor and regulating the menstrual cycle.

Abstract: A new series of substituted esters of 3-hydroxyindone compounds have been found to have exceptional miticidal and herbicidal activity.

Abstract: A conjugated diolefin is reacted with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid and a carboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of oxygen and a catalyst comprising a lead compound.

Abstract: 3.alpha.-Hydroxy and 3.alpha.-acyloxy- .DELTA..sup.9(11) -5.alpha.-D-homo-20-ketopregnenes of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen or acyl, R.sub.1 is hydrogen or methyl and R.sub.2 is methyl or ethyl, are produced by esterifying a corresponding 3.beta.-hydroxy-5.alpha.-20-keto pregnane of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have the values given above, with m-iodo-benzoic acid with inversion of the 3.beta.-oxy group to a 3.alpha.-oxy group; chlorinating the thus-produced 3.alpha.-m-iodobenzoyl ester with dichloroiodobenzene under irradiation; and treating the reaction product with a dehydrohalogenating silver salt. Optionally thereafter, the 3.alpha.-iodobenzoyl group is split off in a conventional manner to produce the corresponding 3.alpha.-hydroxy steroid and optionally the thus-produced 3.alpha.-hydroxy steroid is esterified to produce a desired 3-ester thereof.

Abstract: A conjugated diolefin is reacted with a carboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid anhydride, or a mixture thereof, in the presence of oxygen and a catalyst comprising a compound of bismuth, an alkali metal compound and a source of nitrate ion.

Abstract: A conjugated diolefin is reacted with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic acid and a carboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of oxygen and a catalyst comprising a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metal compound and a halide compound.

Abstract: Olefins may be esterified by reaction with esters of saturated alcohols containing at least two carbon atoms in the presence of a catalytic amount of a tin halide catalyst, the reaction being effected at temperatures ranging from about 0.degree. to about 150.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for the production of fluorinated organic compounds wherein a carbonyl containing organic compound and adducts of sulfur trioxide or sulfur dioxide with metal fluorides are combined.

Abstract: Diacyloxy olefins are prepared by the reaction of a conjugated diolefin with a carboxylic acid in the presence of free oxygen and a catalyst system consisting essentially of an indium compound, a halide source and an alkali metal compound.

Abstract: In the preparation of glycol esters by the oxidation of an olefin in the presence of a catalyst comprising tellurium, wherein the accumulation of foreign metals in association with the tellurium catalyst component has an adverse effect upon the reaction, such foreign metals are maintained at low levels while the tellurium catalyst values are recovered for recycling in high yield by purging a portion of a high-boiling residual fraction produced in the distillation treatment of the reaction mixture and treating the purged portion with water and/or an aqueous alkaline solution.

Abstract: Process for synthesizing the lactone, (dl) 3,3a beta-4,5-6,6a beta-hexahydro-4beta(3-hydroxyl-1-trans-octenyl)-5alpha-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-c yclopenta[b]furan, a known intermediate for producing prostaglandin E.sub.2 and F.sub.2.alpha. and a process for preparing 11-desoxy and 11-alkyl prostaglandins from dihydroresorcyclic acid.

Abstract: A synergistic catalytic effect is realized in the esterification reaction between an organic carboxylic acid and a vicinal epoxide by using a catalyst system comprising: (a) a compound containing an amino and/or ammonium nitrogen atom, in combination with (b) a soluble compound containing an ionizable atom of iron or chromium.

Abstract: An improved method for making glycol monoesters and diesters of carboxylic acid by the reaction of an olefin and oxygen in the presence of a carboxylic acid and a catalyst, wherein said catalyst includes a compound of a metal of groups IVB - VIIB having an atomic number between 40 and 42 inclusive or between 72 and 75 inclusive, i.e. zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, or rhenium.

Abstract: In the preparation of olefin derivatives having an ester group at the allylic position (hereinafter referred to as "allylic ester(s)") which comprises reacting an olefin having at least one hydrogen atom at the allylic position and which will produce an allylic ester having an asymmetric carbon atom with an organic peroxide in the presence of a copper catalyst, a method for producing optically active allylic esters characterized by using, as the copper catalyst, an optically active copper complex derived from an optically active compound selected from the group consisting of Schiff's bases of the formula: ##STR1## and amino acids of the formula: ##STR2## wherein R.sub.0 is an optically active alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl group which may contain an unsaturated bond and/or a substituent having a hetero atom, X and Y are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl group, or a substituent having a hetero atom, R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: The amidation and esterification of carboxylic acids with amines and hydroxyl group-containing compounds, respectively, are effected without incurring the drawbacks of reaction equilibrium by the reaction of the reactants, one of which has been activated in the reactive group by contact with a phosphonium salt obtained by reacting a phosphorous ester or phosphorous monoester salt with an organic base such as pyridine and an oxidizing agent such as halogens and mono or divalent mercury halide or acetate. The amidation can be applied to the preparation of peptides by the reaction of amino acids and/or peptides in which one of the reactive groups have been protected.

Abstract: New N,N'-tetrasubstituted ureas of the formula ##STR1## in which X is oxygen, sulfur or an NR.sup.5 -- or SO.sub.2 --group,R is alkyl or an optionally substituted aryl group, or an optionally substituted aralkyl group,R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are individually optionally substituted hydrocarbyl which may contain oxygen or sulfur,R.sup.2 is optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkenyl, optionally substituted alkoxy or cycloalkyl,R.sup.3 is alkyl, which may optionally be substituted by halogen, or is alkenyl, orR.sup.2 and R.sup.3 conjointly form an alkylene bridge, which can be interrupted by a hetero-atom, such as O, or N-alkyl group and which forms a heterocyclic ring with the adjoining nitrogen atom,R.sup.1 and R.sup.

Abstract: Perfume compositions, perfumed materials and articles and a process for preparing perfume compositions, perfumed materials and articles which includes the steps of adding perfume components usual for this purpose and additionally at least one compound reminiscent of castoreum which is selected from 8-allyl-8-hydroxytricyclo (5,2.1.0.sup.2,6) decane and mixtures of o-hydroxybenzyl ethyl ether and 8-allyl-8-hydroxytricyclo (5,2,1,0.sup.2,6). Reminiscent of castoreum is 8-allyl-8-hydroxytricyclo (5,2.1.0.sup.2,6) decane.

Abstract: Anhydrides and esters of alkyl or cycloalkyl tetracarboxylic acids and polyvinyl chloride plastic compositions containing said esters as plasticizers.

Abstract: Novel prostaglandin intermediates and process for the production thereof. Compounds, and process for the production thereof, useful in the production of (dl)-[1.alpha.-hydroxy-3.beta.-(3S-tetrahydropyranyloxy-trans-1-octenyl)-4 .alpha.-tetrahydropyranyloxy-cyclopent-1.alpha.-yl] acetaldehyde hemiacetal and [1.alpha.-hydroxy-3.beta.-(3S-tetrahydropyranyloxy-trans-1-octenyl)-4.alph a.-tetrahydropyranyloxycyclopent-1.alpha.-yl] acetaldehyde hemiacetal.

Abstract: The present specification provides novel intermediates and novel processes for the synthesis of various side chain and skeletal analogs of Thromboxane B.sub.2 (11.beta.-homo-11a-oxa-PGF.sub.2.alpha.). These analogs are particularly and especially useful as reproductive cycle control agents.

Abstract: .alpha.,.beta.-Unsaturated carboxylic acids and esters have a wide variety of chemical uses. The invention is a method of synthesizing .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acids and esters which, with regard to the esters, comprises reacting a vinylmercuric halide with carbon monoxide in an alcohol to provide an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid ester. With regard to the acids per se, the method comprises reacting a vinylmercuric halide with carbon monoxide, in the presence of a water containing polar organic solvent to provide an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Compositions stabilized against premature polymerization are disclosed. These compositions containA. a vinyl or vinylidene monomer capable of free radical polymerization, andB. a polymerization inhibitor having the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sub.1, r.sub.2, r.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are alkyl groups containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, andR.sub.5, r.sub.6, r.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are hydrogen or alkyl groups containing from 1 to 5 carbon atoms provided that only two of these may be a secondary or a tertiary alkyl group.

Abstract: A novel compound represented by the formula, ##STR1## WHEREIN R is a hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, said four R's being the same or different; R.sup.1 is hydrogen, an alkali metal, an ammonium group, a mono-to tetra-hydric aliphatic alcohol moiety having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an organic amine residue; n is an integer of 1 to 4; and R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently hydrogen or alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 may form a ring when taken together. Said novel compound has properties similar to those of natural rosin or a disproportionated rosin, and is useful as a vehicle for coating compositions and printing inks, as an emulsifier for emulsion polymerization, and as a sizing agent.

Abstract: The invention provides novel 5- and 6-benzoxazolyl alkanoic acids, optionally substituted in the 2-position, and derivatives thereof which possess anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and analgesic activity. Also provided is a process for preparing such compounds by cyclizing an appropriately substituted o-aminophenol and, if necessary, converting the resultant benzoxazole to the desired compound.