Abstract: A hydrogen sensitive composite sensing material based on cerium oxide with or without additives to enhance sensitivity to hydrogen, reduce cross-sensitivities to interfering gases, or lower the operating temperature of the sensor, and a device incorporating these hydrogen sensitive composite materials including a support, electrodes applied to the support, and a coating of hydrogen sensitive composite material applied over the electroded surface. The sensor may have in integral heater. The sensor may have a tubular geometry with the heater being inserted within the tube. A gas sensor device may include a support, electrodes applied to the support, and a dual sensor element to cancel unwanted effects on baseline resistance such as those resulting from atmospheric temperature changes. The hydrogen sensitive composite material or other gas sensitive materials may be used in the dual element gas sensor device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis which has excellent heat transfer capability. This catalyst contains (1) central core particle or particles made of a heat transfer material (HTM) selected from the group consisting of a metal, a metal oxide, a ceramic, and a mixture thereof; and (2) outer particle layer which surrounds the central core particles and is attached to the surfaces of the central core particles by a binder material layer. The outer particle layer has a support and catalyst particles in a powder form containing metal particles disposed on the support. The catalyst having such a dual particle structure shows excellent heat transfer capability and, thus, exhibits high selectivity to a target hydrocarbon. Therefore, the catalyst of the present invention is useful in a fixed-bed reactor for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis for producing hydrocarbons from synthetic gas.

Abstract: Provided are: a photocatalyst comprising a porous first metal oxide film having pores, and a second metal particle or a second metal oxide particle formed inside the pores; a method for preparing the photocatalyst; and a photocatalyst apparatus using the photocatalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photocatalyst for the generation of diatomic hydrogen from a hydrogen containing precursor under the influence of actinic radiation comprising a semiconductor support with one or more noble and/or transition metal(s) deposited on said semiconductor support, wherein said metal is covered at least in part with a layer of the semiconductor support. Further disclosed is a method for preparing such catalyst and a method for generating diatomic hydrogen by photolysis.

Abstract: A metal suboxide having a specific surface area of greater than or equal to about 1.5 m2/g is prepared by preparing a metal suboxide precursor, and heat-treating the metal suboxide precursor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrodesulfurization nanocatalyst, use of the hydrodesulfurization nanocatalyst in a hydrodesulfurization process and a process for producing the hydrodesulfurization nanocatalyst. The hydrodesulfurization nanocatalyst can include a nanostructured alumina material, at least one metal selected from group VI B of the periodic table of elements, and at least one metal selected from group VIII B of the periodic table of elements.

Abstract: A composite oxide for an exhaust gas purification catalyst is provided which can burn PM in diesel engine exhaust gas at low temperatures and has a good S desorption property. The composite oxide for an exhaust gas purification catalyst is composed of Ce, Bi, Pr, R, and oxygen in a molar ratio of Ce:Bi:Pr:R=(1?x?y?z):x:y:z. The ratios of Ce, Bi, Pr, and R satisfy 0<x+y+z?0.5 and preferably 0<x?0.1, 0<y?0.25, and 0<z?0.3. Particularly, when R is Zr, the composite oxide exhibits a good S desorption property at a temperature of about 600° C. and can recover its catalytic activity at low temperatures. Therefore, the exhaust gas purification catalyst is suitable as a PM combustion catalyst.

Abstract: Provided is a new catalyst capable of removing carbon monoxide economically without adding particular reaction gas externally. Also provided are a process for producing and an apparatus using such a catalyst. Impregnation of a Ni—Al composite oxide precursor of a nonstoichiometric composition prepared by the solution-spray plasma technique with a ruthenium salt to be supported and performing reduction treatment allows CO methanation reaction to selectively proceed even in the high-temperature range in which CO2 methanation reaction and reverse water-gas-shift reaction proceed preferentially with conventional catalysts. Selective CO methanation reaction occurs reproducibly with another Ni—Al composite oxide precursor or an additive metallic species.

Abstract: A method for preparing a catalyst having catalytically active materials selectively impregnated or supported only in the surface region of the catalyst particle using the mutual repulsive force of a hydrophobic solution and a hydrophilic solution and the solubility difference to a metal salt precursor between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic solutions. The hydrophobic solvent is a C2-C6 alcohol. The hydrophobic solvent is introduced into the catalyst support and then removed of a part of the pores connected to the outer part of the catalyst particle by drying under appropriate conditions. Then, a hydrophilic solution containing a metal salt is introduced to occupy the void spaces removed of the hydrophobic solvent, and the catalyst particle is dried at a low rate to selectively support or impregnate the catalytically active material or the precursor of the catalytically active material only in the outer part of the catalyst particle.

Abstract: Provided is a photocatalyst including: a porous metal oxide film; and metal particles formed on a surface of the porous metal oxide film.

Abstract: A process for activating a hydroalkylation catalyst in a first state comprising an acid component and a hydrogenating metal component, including: (i) treatment at a temperature of at least 120° C. in the presence of hydrogen for a first duration to produce a catalyst in a second state having a first hydroalkylation activity; (ii) contacting the catalyst in the second state with an aromatic compound and hydrogen under a hydroalkylation condition effective to convert at least part of the aromatic compound to a cycloalkylaromatic compound and produce a catalyst in a third state; and (iii) treating the catalyst in the third state at a temperature of at least 160° C. in the presence of hydrogen but advantageously in the substantial absence of the aromatic compound for a third duration to produce an activated catalyst in a fourth state having a third hydroalkylation activity greater than the first hydroalkylation activity.

Abstract: In one embodiment, carbon dioxide is converted into a chemical feedstock by providing a mixture of plasmonic material and oxygen-conducting material, exposing the mixture to sunlight so that solar energy is absorbed by the plasmonic material which then heats the oxygen-conducting material so that oxygen vacancies are generated, passing carbon dioxide through the mixture, and the oxygen-conducting material removing oxygen atoms from the carbon dioxide to form carbon monoxide.

Abstract: According to the present invention, an exhaust gas purifying catalyst is provided. The catalyst comprises a porous silica support comprising silica having a pore structure, and a perovskite-type composite metal oxide particle supported in the pore structure of the porous silica support. Further, the peak attributable to the space between silica primary particles is in the range of 3 to 100 nm in the pore distribution of the porous silica support.

Abstract: A hydropyrolysis catalyst and a process using that catalyst are described. The catalyst comprises a support and an active metal component wherein the catalyst is an eggshell type catalyst having the active metal component located in the outer portion of the support.

Abstract: A system and methods for forming carbon allotropes are described. The system includes a reactor configured to use a catalyst to form a carbon allotrope from a feed stock in a Bosch reaction. The catalyst includes a roughened metal surface.

Abstract: A method of preparing catalytic materials comprising depositing platinum or non-platinum group metals, or alloys thereof on a porous oxide support.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing nanoporous Pt/TiO2 composite particles, nanoporous Pt/TiO2 composite particles prepared by the above preparation method, and a fuel cell comprising the nanoporous Pt/TiO2 composite particles. The nanoporous Pt/TiO2 composite particles according to the present invention have a catalytic effect similar to that of commercially available Pt/carbon black and, thus, can be applied to a fuel cell.

Abstract: The preparation of bimetallic gold-silver cerium dioxide-supported catalysts and the process of oxidation of carbon monoxide (CO) in air to remove CO using the gold-silver cerium dioxide-supported catalysts are disclosed. The gold loading is between 0.5 and 5 wt. %. Gold and silver particle sizes are between 1 and 3 nm, and Au/Ag weight ratio is between 1 and 10. Oxidation of CO in air over these catalysts is carried out in a fixed bed reactor to remove CO.

Abstract: Fabrication of oxide nanowire heterostructures with controlled morphology, interface and phase purity are desired for high-efficiency and low-cost photocatalysis. Disclosed herein is the formation of oxide nanowire heterostructures by sputtering and subsequent air annealing to result in oxide nanowires. This approach allows for fabrication of standing nanowire heterostructures with tunable compositions and morphologies.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing a catalyst comprising a tank configured to prepare an aqueous mixed solution containing a Mo compound, a V compound and a Nb compound, a dryer configured to spray-dry the aqueous mixed solution, and a pipe for connecting the tank with the dryer so that the aqueous mixed solution can be supplied from the tank to the dryer, wherein a heater configured to heat the aqueous mixed solution is provided in the tank and/or the pipe, and a filter configured to filtrate the aqueous mixed solution is provided in the pipe.

Abstract: An improved method for producing an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) porous film or tape supporting catalyst particles. The method for producing an expanded PTFE porous film or tape supporting catalyst particles according to the invention comprises a step of preparing tape-like porous PTFE, a step of impregnating the tape-like porous PTFE with a solution or dispersion of catalyst particles, a step of substantially removing the solvent or dispersing medium, and a step of further stretching the tape-like porous PTFE containing the catalyst particles in the machine direction (MD) and/or the transverse direction (TD).

Abstract: Disclosed are, inter alia, methods of forming coated substrates for use in catalytic converters, as well as washcoat compositions and methods suitable for using in preparation of the coated substrates, and the coated substrates formed thereby. The catalytic material is prepared by a plasma-based method, yielding catalytic material with a lower tendency to migrate on support at high temperatures, and thus less prone to catalyst aging after prolonged use. Also disclosed are catalytic converters using the coated substrates, which have favorable properties as compared to catalytic converters using catalysts deposited on substrates using solution chemistry. Also disclosed are exhaust treatment systems, and vehicles, such as diesel vehicles, particularly light-duty diesel vehicles, using catalytic converters and exhaust treatment systems using the coated substrates.

Abstract: This application discloses catalysts and methods of making the catalysts. In one embodiment, a catalyst comprising: a reduced precious group metal in an amount greater than about 30 wt % based on the total precious group metal weight in the catalyst, wherein the catalyst oxidizes volatile organic compounds and/or carbon monoxide at a temperature of about 150° C. or lower, is disclosed. In another embodiment, a catalyst for oxidation of formaldehyde, methanol, formic acid, and/or carbon monoxide to form carbon dioxide at a temperature of from about 20° C. to about 45° C. and at about atmospheric pressure, the catalyst comprising: a reduced precious group metal dispersed on a support selected from the group consisting of CeO2, TiO2, ZrO2, Al2O3, SiO2, and combinations thereof, is disclosed.

Abstract: Process for the continuous hydrogenation of triglyceride containing raw materials in a fixed bed reactor system having several catalyst beds arranged in series and comprising at least one hydrogenation catalyst comprising an active phase constituted by a nickel and molybdenum element. The raw material feed, hydrogen containing gas and diluting agent are passed together through the catalyst beds at hydrogenation conditions. The raw material feed stream as well as the stream of hydrogen containing gas are divided into an equal number of different partial streams. These are each passed to one catalyst bed in such a manner that the weight ratio of diluting agent to raw material feed is essentially the same at the entrance of all catalyst beds and does not exceed 4:1. The claimed process is preferably conducted at low temperatures and allows the utilization of existing units due to the low recycle ratio.

Abstract: Nanowires useful as heterogeneous catalysts are provided. The nanowire catalysts are useful in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst for thermal decomposition of an organic substance having the form of spherical granule having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 1.2 mm, a pore volume of 0.1 to 0.3 mL/g, a tap density of 1.05 to 1.4 g/mL, and a wear rate of 2% by weight or less, the catalyst being obtained by mixing and granulating a pulverized product of an inorganic oxide exemplified by titanium oxide with at least one sol selected from a titania sol, a silica sol, an alumina sol, and a zirconia sol to make spherical granules, calcining the spherical granules at a temperature from 400 to 850° C., and sieving the calcined granules.

Abstract: A composition is described that includes zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and yttrium oxide, or zirconium oxide, cerium oxide and at least two oxides of two rare earths different from cerium in a mass proportion of at least 20% of zirconium oxide and of at most 70% of cerium oxide, wherein the composition further includes, after calcination at 900° C. for 4 hours, two populations of pores having respective diameters centered, for the first population, about a value of 20 nm to 40 nm and, for the second, about a value of 80 nm to 200 nm. The composition can be used for processing exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a perovskite catalyst composed of perovskite oxide includes mixing step, firing step and acid-treating step. In the mixing step, an A-site material and a B-site material are mixed at a stoichiometric ratio such that the A-site is increased, compared to that of a theoretical composition ABO3 of perovskite oxide in which a ratio of A-site and B-site is 1:1. In the firing step, the obtained mixed powder is fired. In the acid-treating step, the obtained fired powder is acid-treated with acid of pH 2 or more and less than pH 7.

Abstract: The present application provides a method for fabricating core-shell particles, including: forming a first solution by adding a first metal salt and a first surfactant to a first solvent; forming core particles including a first metal included in the first metal salt by adding a first reducing agent to the first solution; forming a second solution by adding the core particles, a second metal salt, and a second surfactant to a second solvent; and forming core-shell particles by adding a second reducing agent to the second solution and forming shells on the surface of the core particle, in which the first surfactant and the second surfactant are polyoxyethylene, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate or polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, and core-shell particles fabricated by the method.

Abstract: A TiO2-containing composite nano-powder catalyst obtained by combining a titanium-based metal ceramic compound in powder form with a mixing solution containing compound(s) of a platinum group metal and/or a non-noble metal, drying the resulting mixture, and then performing oxidative thermal decomposition on the dried mixture. This catalyst also can be used as a support to further support platinum group metal(s) and/or non-noble metal(s) to obtain another composite nano-powder catalyst. A method for preparing a TiO2-containing composite nano-powder catalyst is also disclosed.

Abstract: A catalyst unit may include a first brick having a first noble metal layer formed along an exhaust gas passage thereof and being disposed on a space that an exhaust gas flow rate may be a predetermined rate, a second brick being disposed onto the first brick and having a second noble metal layer formed along an exhaust gas passage thereof, wherein the second brick may be disposed on a space that an exhaust gas flow rate may be lower than the predetermined rate, and wherein the first brick and the second brick may be attached together to fix the second brick onto the first brick.

Abstract: The invention relates to a titanium based polycarboxylate inorganic-organic hybrid solid material that has a pseudo-cubic crystalline structure, to a method for preparing the same using a solvo-thermal procedure, and to the uses thereof in particular for the storage of gases, the adsorption of liquids, the separation of liquids or gases, and the applications thereof in optics or catalysis, in the biomedical (controlled release drug), cosmetic fields, etc.

Abstract: A noble metal-based electrocatalyst comprises a bimetallic particle comprising a noble metal and a non-noble metal and having a polyhedral shape. The bimetallic particle comprises a surface-segregated composition where an atomic ratio of the noble metal to the non-noble metal is higher in a surface region and in a core region than in a sub-surface region between the surface and core regions. A method of treating a noble metal-based electrocatalyst comprises annealing a bimetallic particle comprising a noble metal and a non-noble metal and having a polyhedral shape at a temperature in the range of from about 100° C. to about 1100° C.

Abstract: A method of forming a metal oxide composite, the method comprising mixing a metal oxide, at least two monomers and a dispersant to produce a slurry; gel casting the slurry to produce a green metal oxide composite; and sintering the green metal oxide composite to produce the metal oxide composite. A metal oxide composite formed according to the method. Use of the metal oxide composite, for catalysing hydrolysis of metal borohydride to produce hydrogen.

Abstract: Solutions to the problem of washcoat and/or overcoat adhesion loss of ZPGM catalyst on metallic substrates are disclosed. Present disclosure provides an enhanced process for improving WCA to metallic substrates of ZPGM catalyst systems. Reduction of WCA loss and improved catalyst activity may be enabled by the selection of processing parameters determined from variation of rheological properties by the solid content of the overcoat slurry and variation of the overcoat slurry particle size distribution to produce desirable homogeneity, specific loading, and adherence of the coating on metallic substrates. Processing parameters may be applied to a plurality of metallic substrates of different geometries and cell densities.

Abstract: A solid solution photocatalyst composition and its preparation method are provided in the present invention. The solid solution photocatalyst can utilize its solid solution structure to regulate the conduction band position, valence band position, conduction band range and valence band range of the different response properties of the photocatalyst, so that oxidoreductive reaction is performed to remove the foul-smelling substances.

Abstract: A catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in diesel engine exhaust gases using ammonia or a precursor compound decomposable to ammonia. The catalyst includes two superposed coatings applied to a support body, of which the first coating applied directly to the support body includes a transition metal-exchanged zeolite and/or a transition metal-exchanged zeolite-like compound, and effectively catalyzes the SCR reaction. The second coating is applied to the first coating to cover it on the exhaust gas side and prevent hydrocarbons having at least three carbon atoms present in the exhaust gas from contacting the first coating, without blocking the passage of nitrogen oxides and ammonia to the first coating. The second coating may be formed from small-pore zeolites and/or small-pore, zeolite-like compounds, and from suitable oxides, especially silicon dioxide, germanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium dioxide and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a shell catalyst which comprises a porous shaped catalyst support body with an outer shell in which at least one catalytically active species is present.

Abstract: A metal suboxide having a specific surface area of greater than or equal to about 1.5 m2/g is prepared by preparing a metal suboxide precursor, and heat-treating the metal suboxide precursor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel method for preparing a new type of catalyst for the oxidation of CO in a reactant gas or air. The method provides the preparation of a catalyst having nano-sized metal particles and a capping agent deposited on a solid support. The size and distribution of the metal particles can be easily controlled by adjusting reaction condition and the capping agent used. The catalyst prepared has high activity at low temperature toward selective oxidation of CO and is stable over an extended period of time. The catalyst can be used in air filter devices, hydrogen purification processes, automotive emission control devices (decomposition of NOx, x is the integer 1 or 2), F-T synthesis, preparation of fuel-cell electrode, photocatalysis and sensors.

Abstract: Solutions to the problem of washcoat and/or overcoat adhesion loss of ZPGM catalyst on metallic substrates are disclosed. Present disclosure provides a novel process for improving WCA to metallic substrates of ZPGM catalyst systems. Reduction of WCA loss and improved catalyst activity may be enabled by the selection of processing parameters determined from variations of pH and addition of binder to overcoat slurry, and particle size of washcoat. Processing parameters may be applied to a plurality of metallic substrates of different geometries and cell densities.

Abstract: Metal oxide catalysts comprising various dopants are provided. The catalysts are useful as heterogenous catalysts in a variety of catalytic reactions, for example, the oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons such as ethane and ethylene. Related methods for use and manufacture of the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a catalyst for carrying out methanation reactions. The production of the catalyst is based on contacting of a hydrotalcite-comprising starting material with a fusible metal salt. The compounds brought into contact with one another are intimately mixed, thermally treated so that the metal salt fraction melts and subsequently subjected to a low-temperature calcination step and a high-temperature calcination step. The metal salt melt comprises at least one metal selected from the group consisting of K, La, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Ce, preferably Ni. The metal salt melt more preferably comprises/contains nickel nitrate hexahydrate. The hydrotalcite-comprising starting material is preferably hydrotalcite or a hydrotalcite-like compound as starting material, and the hydrotalcite-comprising starting material preferably comprises magnesium and aluminum as metal species.

Abstract: We disclose novel metallic nanoparticles coated with a thin protective carbon shell, and three-dimensional nano-metallic sponges; methods of preparation of the nanoparticles; and uses for these novel materials, including wood preservation, strengthening of polymer and fiber/polymer building materials, and catalysis.

Abstract: A rectangular substrate 12 composed of c-plane sapphire is prepared. Nickel serving as a catalytic metal is deposited on the entirety of an upper surface of the substrate 12 to form a catalytic metal film 14 (see (a)). The catalytic metal film 14 is patterned by a lithography method into a catalytic metal film 16 having a predetermined shape (see (b)). The temperature of the catalytic metal film 16 is raised to 1000° C. and maintained at 1000° C. for 20 minutes. The temperature of the catalytic metal film 16 is lowered from 1000° C. to 800° C. at a rate of 5° C./min. The temperature of the catalytic metal film 16 is maintained at 800° C. for 15 hours. Thereby, a catalytic metal layer 17 having large grains is provided (see (c)).

Abstract: Systems and methods for treating a fluid with a body are disclosed. Various aspects involve treating a fluid with a porous body. In select embodiments, a body comprises ash particles, and the ash particles used to form the body may be selected based on their providing one or more desired properties for a given treatment. Various bodies provide for the reaction and/or removal of a substance in a fluid, often using a porous body comprised of ash particles. Computer-operable methods for matching a source material to an application are disclosed. Certain aspects feature a porous body comprised of ash particles, the ash particles have a particle size distribution and interparticle connectivity that creates a plurality of pores having a pore size distribution and pore connectivity, and the pore size distribution and pore connectivity are such that a first fluid may substantially penetrate the pores.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided having a zeolite material of a CHA crystal structure and a silica to alumina mole ratio (SAR) of about 10 to about 25 and preferably having a mean crystal size of at least 1.0 microns; and a non-aluminum base metal (M), wherein said zeolite material contains said base metal in a base metal to aluminum ratio (M:Al) of about 0.10 to about 0.24.

Abstract: A composition that comprises a support material having incorporated therein a metal component and impregnated with an additive compound that is selected from the group of heterocyclic, polar compounds of the formula CxHnNyOz; wherein: x is an integer of at least 3; y is either 0, 1, 2, or 3; z is either 0, 1, 2, or 3; and n is the number of hydrogen atoms required to fill the remaining bonds with the carbon atoms of the molecule. The composition includes the support material that is impregnated with the additive compound and is useful in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks, especially in the denitrogenation and desulfurization of distillate feedstocks to make ultra low sulfur diesel.

Abstract: A catalyst system comprising a first catalytic composition comprising a first catalytic material disposed on a metal inorganic support; wherein the metal inorganic support has pores; and at least one promoting metal. The catalyst system further comprises a second catalytic composition comprising, (i) a zeolite, or (ii) a first catalytic material disposed on a first substrate, the first catalytic material comprising an element selected from the group consisting of tungsten, titanium, and vanadium. The catalyst system may further comprise a third catalytic composition. The catalyst system may further comprise a delivery system configured to deliver a reductant and optionally a co-reductant. A catalyst system comprising a first catalytic composition, the second catalytic composition, and the third catalytic composition is also provided. An exhaust system comprising the catalyst systems described herein is also provided.

Abstract: A porous oxide catalyst includes porous oxide, and an oxygen vacancy-inducing metal which induces an oxygen vacancy in a lattice structure of a porous metal oxide.