Abstract: This invention relates to a composite material for biomedical applications, in particular dental applications, which possesses self-healing capacity and is able to incorporate a system for the release of active ingredients at the stage of application and use.

Abstract: The present invention is a chemical composition to detect and treat amyloid in a patient's brain or a retina, that include a nanoparticle or a Nano biopolymer delivery platform to deliver any combination of gadolinium, one or more contrast agents, one or more therapeutics and curcumin to mark said amyloid and a polymalic acid scaffold.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nanoscale or microscale container for encapsulation and delivery of materials or substances, including, but not limited to, cells, drugs, tissue, gels and polymers contained within the container, with subsequent release of the therapeutic materials in situ, methods of fabricating the container by folding a 2D precursor into the 3D container, and the use of the container in in-vivo or in-vitro applications. The container can be in any polyhedral shape and its surfaces can have either no perforations or nano/microscale perforations. The container is coated with a biocompatible metal, e.g. gold, or polymer, e.g. parylene, layer and the surfaces and hinges of the container are made of any metal or polymer combinations.

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating a nanochannel. The method comprises providing a microchannel and controlling collapse of the microchannel so that it collapses to form a nanochannel of desired dimensions. The method employs a collapsible, flexible material such as the elastomer polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to form the nanochannel. A master is provided that is configured to have geometric conditions that promote a desired frequency of microchannel collapse. A collapsible material having a stiffness that also promotes a desired frequency of microchannel collapse is molded on the master. The molded collapsible material is removed from the master and bonded to a base, thereby forming the microchannel, which then collapses (or is collapsed) to form the nanochannel of desired dimensions. Nanofluidic and microfluidic devices comprising complex nanochannel structures and micro to nanochannel transitions are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and compositions that comprise sub-micron alumina for accelerating setting of a cement composition. An embodiment includes a method of cementing in a subterranean formation. The method may comprise introducing a cement composition into the subterranean formation, wherein the cement composition comprises hydraulic cement, sub-micron alumina, and water. The method further may comprise allowing the cement composition to set in the subterranean formation. Another embodiment includes a cement composition that may comprise hydraulic cement, sub-micron alumina, and water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a power system for a vehicle The power system comprising a supercapacitor-like electronic battery that is connected to a battery charger. The battery charger provides energy to the supercapacitor-like electronic battery. A heater is operatively connected to the supercapacitor-like electronic battery to provide energy to heat the supercapacitor-like electronic battery thereby lowering the internal impedance of the supercapacitor-like electronic battery. A charging apparatus is operatively connected to the battery charger. A motor is operatively connected to the vehicle and the supercapacitor-like electronic battery. A feedback loop controller is operatively connected to the heater, the supercapacitor-like electronic battery and the motor.

Abstract: A composite material including an arrangement of approximately aligned nanofilaments overlying at least another arrangement of approximately aligned nanofilaments, the longitudinal axis of the nanotubes of the first arrangement being approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the nanotubes of the other arrangement, and the arrangements forming at least one array. A resin material having nanoparticles dispersed throughout is disposed among the array(s) of nanofilaments, and cured, and openings may be formed into or through the composite material corresponding to spaces provided in the array of nanofilaments. A composite material according to embodiments forms a microelectronic substrate or some portion thereof, such as a substrate core.

Abstract: A family of materials wherein nanostructures and/or nanotubes are incorporated into a multi-component material arrangement, such as a metallic or ceramic alloy or composite/aggregate, producing a new material or metallic/ceramic alloy. The new material has significantly increased strength, up to several thousands of times normal and perhaps substantially more, as well as significantly decreased weight. The new materials may be manufactured into a component where the nanostructure or nanostructure reinforcement is incorporated into the bulk and/or matrix material, or as a coating where the nanostructure or nanostructure reinforcement is incorporated into the coating or surface of a “normal” substrate material. The nanostructures are incorporated into the material structure either randomly or aligned, within grains, or along or across grain boundaries.

Abstract: Compositions and methods are provided for the use of nanoparticles, which may be referred to herein as mass dots, as mass tags for probes such as antibodies, aptamers, nucleic acids, etc. in multiplexed bioassays with ICP-MS detection.

Abstract: An integrated production apparatus for production of boron nitride nanotubes via the pressure vapor-condenser method. The apparatus comprises: a pressurized reaction chamber containing a continuously fed boron containing target having a boron target tip, a source of pressurized nitrogen and a moving belt condenser apparatus; a hutch chamber proximate the pressurized reaction chamber containing a target feed system and a laser beam and optics.

Abstract: A method for preparing a functional structured surface includes the controlled removal of material from a film including at least one buried pore, the inner surface of the pore including at least one chemical linkage group, where the material is removed so as to expose part of the inner surface of the pore that is not affected by the removal of material.

Abstract: A delivery vehicle, for delivering a pharmaceutically active agent or a marker to a cell, comprising a ligand binding portion specific for a Fas Ligand, and a carrier for the pharmaceutically active agent or marker.

Abstract: This invention provides polypeptides having lyase activity, polynucleotides encoding these polypeptides, and meth-°ds of making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. In one aspect, the invention is directed to polypeptides having ammonia lyase activity, e.g., phenylalanine ammonia lyase, tyrosine ammonia lyase and/or histidine ammonia lyase activity, including thermostable and thermotolerant activity, and polynucleotides encoding these enzymes, and making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. The polypeptides of the invention can be used in a variety of pharmaceutical, agricultural and industrial contexts. X?NO2, Cl, Br, NH2, OH, H, alkyl at one or several o, m, and p positions R?H or alkyl.

Abstract: A composition can include a nanostructure, and a linker associated with the nanostructure, wherein the linker is configured to interact with a capture protein. The nanostructure can include a single-walled carbon nanotube. A plurality of the compositions can be configured in an array.

Abstract: Compositions comprising nanosized objects (i.e., nanoparticles) in which at least one observable marker, such as a radioisotope or fluorophore, is incorporated within the nanosized object. The nanosized objects include, for example, metal or semi-metal oxide (e.g., silica), quantum dot, noble metal, magnetic metal oxide, organic polymer, metal salt, and core-shell nanoparticles, wherein the label is incorporated within the nanoparticle or selectively in a metal oxide shell of a core-shell nanoparticle. Methods of preparing the volume-labeled nanoparticles are also described.

Abstract: The present invention is a multidimensional integrated detection and analysis system (MIDAS) for any gas or fluid that transfers or accepts electronic charge (including but not limited to CH4, CO2, CO, NOx, SOx, H2O, NH3, NHx). MIDAS allows for the development of a highly sensitive, selective, and expedient sensor platform capable of uniquely identifying adsorbed molecules based on simultaneous measurement of truly orthogonal responses based on work function (?), capacitance (C), and/or conductance (?) changes.

Abstract: A method for detecting single molecule includes providing a carrier. The carrier includes a substrate and a metal layer. The substrate has a surface and defines a number of blind holes caved in the substrate from the surface thereof. The metal layer covers the surface of the substrate and inner surfaces of the number of blind holes. Single molecule samples are disposed on the metal layer. The single molecule samples are detected by a Raman Spectroscopy system.

Abstract: A surface-enabled, metal ion-exchanging battery device comprising a cathode, an anode, a porous separator, and a metal ion-containing electrolyte, wherein the metal ion is selected from (A) non-Li alkali metals; (B) alkaline-earth metals; (C) transition metals; (D) other metals such as aluminum (Al); or (E) a combination thereof; and wherein at least one of the electrodes contains therein a metal ion source prior to the first charge or discharge cycle of the device and at least the cathode comprises a functional material or nano-structured material having a metal ion-capturing functional group or metal ion-storing surface in direct contact with said electrolyte, and wherein the operation of the battery device does not involve the introduction of oxygen from outside the device and does not involve the formation of a metal oxide, metal sulfide, metal selenide, metal telluride, metal hydroxide, or metal-halogen compound.

Abstract: A nanopatterned surface is prepared by forming a block copolymer film on a miscut crystalline substrate, annealing the block copolymer film, then reconstructing the surface of the annealed block copolymer film. The method creates a well-ordered array of voids in the block copolymer film that is maintained over a large area. The nanopatterned block copolymer films can be used in a variety of different applications, including the fabrication of high density data storage media.

Abstract: Provided are methods of forming a nano structure and method of forming a solar cell using the same. The method of forming the nano structure includes: preparing a template; ionizing a surface of the template; forming an oxide layer enclosing the template on the surface of the template; and removing the template.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a composite material of a carbonaceous substance comprising a doped catalytic compound obtained by a sol-gel method. In one embodiment, the method comprises mixing a hydrolyzed solution comprising a precursor of a catalytic material with a carbonaceous material to obtain a sol. The sol is afterwards incubated while at the same time it is mixed. After incubation the sol is condensated to form a gel. After condensation the gel formed is subjected to a first calcination carried out in an oxidizing environment followed by a second calcination carried out in a non-oxidizing environment. The non-oxidizing environment comprises a second dopant comprising precursor material. Also, a solution of a first dopant comprising precursor material is added to the solution comprising an organometallic precursor of a catalytic material before hydrolyzation or before subjecting the gel to calcination, i.e. after hydrolyzation.

Abstract: A touch pen includes a body and a head fixed on one end of the body and electrically connected with the body. The head includes a carbon nanotube composite material. The carbon nanotube composite material includes a carbon nanotube structure and a conductive material layer coated on the carbon nanotube structure.

Abstract: Use of high doses above 1 gm per day of ascorbic acid or the derivatives thereof for the treatment of neurodegenerative and neuro-muscular degenerative diseases and disorders, in particular amytrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, alzheimer's disease, parkinson's disease, and muscular dystrophy is disclosed. Preferably the dose includes mannitol which facilitates the delivery of ascorbic acid to the target cells in the brain. Still further the said dose includes zinc citrate for preventing formation of kidney stones. Dose compositions for various routes of application such as oral, intravenous, intramuscular, nasal and in the form of transdermal patches are discussed.

Abstract: [Problem] An object is to provide a perpendicular magnetic recording medium that can realize both improvement in crystal orientation and refinement of crystal grain size and can achieve a higher recording density and a higher SN ratio, and a method of manufacturing the same. [Solution] A perpendicular magnetic recording medium 100 of the present invention is a perpendicular magnetic recording medium 100 having a base plate 100, and a laminate film including a first ground layer 150a provided on the base plate 100, a second ground layer 150b provided on the first ground layer 150a, and a main recording layer 160 provided on the second ground layer 150b and containing a magnetic material having a granular structure, wherein the magnetic material which constitutes the main recording layer 160 contains a CoCrPt alloy, and a material which constitutes the second ground layer 150b contains an Ru—Co oxide alloy.

Abstract: The invention relates to soluble selenium compositions and methods of production, separation and purification thereof. In particular the present invention provides methods of preparing water soluble selenoglycoproteins (e.g., via extracting selenoglycoproteins from selenium enriched yeast), methods of supplementing a selenium deficient composition via admixing water soluble selenoglycoproteins with the selenium deficient composition, compositions comprising the water soluble selenoglycoproteins and methods of administering the same.

Abstract: An energy storage composite particle is provided, which includes a carbon film, a conductive carbon component, an energy storage grain, and a conductive carbon fiber. The carbon film surrounds a space. The conductive carbon component and the energy storage grain are disposed in the space. The conductive carbon fiber is electrically connected to the conductive carbon component, the energy storage grain, and the carbon film, and the conductive carbon fiber extends from the inside of the space to the outside of the space. The energy storage composite particle has a high gravimetric capacity, a high coulomb efficiency, and a long cycle life. Furthermore, a battery negative electrode material and a battery using the energy storage composite particle are also provided.

Abstract: The inventive method for forming nano-dimensional clusters consists in introducing a solution containing a cluster-forming material into nano-pores of natural or artificial origin contained in a substrate material and in subsequently exposing said solution to a laser radiation pulse in such a way that a low-temperature plasma producing a gaseous medium in the domain of the existence thereof, wherein a cluster material is returned to a pure material by the crystallization thereof on a liquid substrate while the plasma is cooling, occurs, thereby forming mono-crystal quantum dots spliced with the substrate material. Said method makes it possible to form two- or three-dimensional cluster lattices and clusters spliced with each other from different materials. The invention also makes it possible to produce wires from different materials in the substrate nano-cavities and the quantum dots from the solution micro-drops distributed through an organic material applied to a glass.

Abstract: A method for forming photonic particles, where the method includes the steps of preparing a porous photonic material layer, patterning a soluble polymer on the porous photonic material layer, leaving dividing portions of the material layer untreated, infusing the polymer into the material layer, and removing the dividing portions of the material to obtain the photonic particles.

Abstract: A polyester resin composition having improved transparency, flame retardancy and hardness, and a method for preparation thereof are provided. The composition includes organo-modified nanoclay and a phosphorous-based flame retardant added to a polyester resin. The nanoclay is homogeneously dispersed in the polyester by melt compounding.

Abstract: Nucleophilic substitution reactions of halogenated polymers and azoles are used to produce derivatives of polyolefins bear pendant azolium ionomers. These uncured ionomers are useful in adhesive, antimicrobial applications, as well as in polymer composites and polymer blends. Furthermore, these azolium ionomers' ion pairs can bear reactive functionality, which provides access to further reactions that were unavailable using previous technology. Advantageously, such reactive ionomer derivatives of polyolefins can be cured by free radical and moisture-curing chemistry that was unaccessible to the halogenated polymer parent material.

Abstract: A molecule is separated from a liquid sample containing said molecule and at least one additional molecule having a larger hydrodynamic diameter than the hydrodynamic diameter of the molecule to be separated, by means of a separation device comprising a substrate, at least one circulation channel arranged in said substrate, and at least one nanotube associated with said molecule to be separated and formed on a free surface of the substrate. Separation is achieved by means of the internal channel of a nanotube, such as a carbon nanotube, presenting an effective diameter chosen in predetermined and controlled manner. The effective diameter of the internal channel is chosen such as to be larger than the hydrodynamic diameter of the molecule to be separated and smaller than the hydrodynamic diameter of the additional molecules of larger hydrodynamic diameters.

Abstract: The present invention provides polynucleotides having chemistry patterns that provide for improved stability, potency, and/or toxicity relative to their use as miRNA inhibitors or miRNA mimetics. The invention further provides pharmaceutical compositions and formulations comprising the polynucleotides, and methods for treating patients having a condition associated with miRNA or mRNA expression.

Abstract: Porous carbon materials and methods of manufacturing the same are provided. One method includes forming a carbon-metal oxide composite by heating a coordination polymer to form a carbon-metal oxide composite, and then removing the metal oxide from the carbon-metal oxide composite. The porous carbon material has an average pore diameter ranging from about 10 nm to about 100 nm, and a d002 ranging from about 3.35 to 3.50 ?.

Abstract: A method of coating a carbon nanotube material with a solventless coating composition is described. The resulting coating has been shown to preserve the conductivity of the conductive layer and protect the conductive layer from the effects of subsequent coating compositions. Examples are shown in which the coating formulation comprises a polyol and an isocyanate. A layer material comprising a polyurethane coating on a carbon nanotube network layer is also described.

Abstract: A nanopore device capable of single molecule detection is described. The nanopores are formed in thin, rigid membranes and modified by a sputtered metal that forms an overhang during application. The overhang causes the pore to be narrower in a certain region, allowing passage of only a single molecule through the pore at a time, or binding to a biomolecule on the pore to be detected by a change in ionic current flow through the nanopore. Embodiments include a silicon nitride membrane formed on a silicon substrate and having a nanopore drilled with a focused ion beam system, followed by gold sputtering onto the membrane. Devices are formed with one or more nanopores and chambers having electrodes on either side of the nanopore.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hair treatment preparation comprising a payload in an intimate relationship to a polymeric nanostructure, the polymeric nanostructure being reactive to hair or capable of being immobilized onto or in hair. The nanoscopic nature of the entities being engineered ensures three distinct characteristics. First, the imparted attribute can be either nearly permanent or semi-permanent, depending on the attachment chemistry. In the semi-permanent version, the intended effect can be controllably erased by removal of the nanostructure by simple chemical or physical means. Second, the nanoscopic entities are invisibly small. Their presence does not deteriorate the hand or feel of the hair. Third, the nano-technology approach is infinitely flexible and adaptable. It can be coupled with many existing dyes, colorants, UV absorbers, fragrances, softening agents and the like for hair treatment.

Abstract: A targeted drug delivery nanocarrier and a method of forming the same is disclosed herein. The targeted drug delivery nanocarrier includes a plurality of amphipathic molecules forming a carrier particle having a plurality of drug molecules contained therein. A targeted landscape phage protein assembly is complexed to the carrier particle preferably using the unique method disclosed herein. The targeted landscape phage protein assembly displays a binding peptide that is selected to specifically and selectively bind to a target site. The method for forming targeted drug delivery nanocarriers includes the steps of obtaining a plurality of bacteriophage displaying a binding peptide for a desired target site, treating the bacteriophage with a denaturing agent, mixing the treated bacteriophage with a plurality of carrier particles and purifying the mixture to obtain a plurality of targeted drug delivery nanocarriers.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for the stimulation of immune responses. Specifically, the present invention provides methods and compositions for the use of nanoemulsion compounds as mucosal adjuvants to induce immunity against environmental pathogens. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the present invention provides nanoemulsion vaccines comprising a nanoemulsion and an inactivated pathogen or protein derived from the pathogen. The present invention thus provides improved vaccines against a variety of environmental and human-released pathogens.

Abstract: Second harmonic nanoprobes for imaging biological samples and a method of using such probes to monitor the dynamics of biological process using a field resonance enhanced second harmonic (FRESH) technique are provided. The second harmonic generating (SHG) nanoprobes are comprised of various kinds of nanocrystals that do not possess an inversion symmetry and therefore are capable of generating second harmonic signals that can then be detected by conventional two-photon microscopy for in vivo imaging of biological processes and structures such as cell signaling, neuroimaging, protein conformation probing, DNA conformation probing, gene transcription, virus infection and replication in cells, protein dynamics, tumor imaging and cancer therapy evaluation and diagnosis as well as quantification in optical imaging.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing nanostructured paper or board and a novel paper or board. The method comprises providing a liquid suspension of nanocellulose-containing material, forming a web from the suspension, and drying the web in order to form paper or board. According to the invention the water content of the suspension from which the web is formed is 50% or less by weight of liquids. By means of the invention, energy consumption of paper manufacturing can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a thermoplastic polymer composition that contains polyamide and comprises an excellent compromise of properties, in particular mechanical properties, and a high fluidity at the molten state. The invention particularly relates to a composition containing at least a high-fluidity linear polyamide and optionally fillers such as glass fibres, and to a method for making such a composition.

Abstract: Porous three-dimensional networks of polyimide and porous three-dimensional networks of carbon and methods of their manufacture are described. For example, polyimide aerogels are prepared by mixing a dianhydride and a diisocyanate in a solvent comprising a pyrrolidone and acetonitrile at room temperature to form a sol-gel material and supercritically drying the sol-gel material to form the polyimide aerogel. Porous three-dimensional polyimide networks, such as polyimide aerogels, may also exhibit a fibrous morphology. Having a porous three-dimensional polyimide network undergo an additional step of pyrolysis may result in the three dimensional network being converted to a purely carbon skeleton, yielding a porous three-dimensional carbon network. The carbon network, having been derived from a fibrous polyimide network, may also exhibit a fibrous morphology.

Abstract: The self-assembly of polyhedral nanostructures having at least one dimension of about 100 nm to about 900 nm with electron-beam lithographically patterned surfaces is provided. The presently disclosed three-dimensional nanostructures spontaneous assemble from two-dimensional, tethered panels during plasma or wet chemical etching of the underlying silicon substrate. Any desired surface pattern with a width as small as fifteen nanometers can be precisely defined in all three dimensions. The formation of curving, continuous nanostructures using extrinsic stress also is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for manufacturing nanostructured paper or board and a novel paper or board. The method comprises providing a liquid suspension of nanocellulose-containing material, forming a web from the suspension and drying the web in order to form paper or board. According to the invention, the water content of the suspension at the time of beginning of the drying is 50% or less by weight of liquids so as to form a paper or board having an average pore size between 200 and 400 nm. By means of the invention, very opaque paper, for example for printing applications, can be manufactured with low energy consumption.

Abstract: Techniques herein prepare an alloy catalyst using a protective conductive polymer coating. More particularly, an alloy catalyst is prepared by: preparing a platinum catalyst supported on carbon; coating the surface of the platinum catalyst with a conductive polymer; supporting a transition metal salt on the coated catalyst; and heat treating the catalyst on which the transition metal salt is supported. Also, an alloy catalyst may be prepared by: preparing a platinum-transition metal catalyst supported on carbon; coating the surface of the platinum-transition metal catalyst with a conductive polymer; and heat treating the coated catalyst. Accordingly an alloy catalyst with superior dispersity can be prepared by increasing the degree of alloying of the catalyst through heat treatment while preventing the increase of catalyst particle size through carbonization of the conductive polymer. The prepared catalyst may be useful, for example, for a fuel cell electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates, e.g., to a method for detecting a nucleic acid molecule of interest in a sample comprising cell-free nucleic acids, comprising fluorescently labeling the nucleic acid molecule of interest, by specifically binding a fluorescently labeled nanosensor or probe to the nucleic acid of interest, or by enzymatically incorporating a fluorescent probe or dye into the nucleic acid of interest, illuminating the fluorescently labeled nucleic acid molecule, causing it to emit fluorescent light, and measuring the level of fluorescence by single molecule spectroscopy, wherein the detection of a fluorescent signal is indicative of the presence of the nucleic acid of interest in the sample.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the formation of carbon-based nanostructures using large-scale active growth structures are generally described. In addition, systems and methods related to the formation of carbon-based nanostructures using basalt and/or titanium (e.g., elemental titanium) are generally described. The carbon-based nanostructures can be grown by exposing the large-scale active growth structures, basalt, and/or titanium to a set of conditions selected to cause formation of carbon-based nanostructures on (e.g., directly on) the large-scale active growth structure, basalt, and/or titanium. When basalt and/or titanium are used as all or part of an active growth structure, the basalt and/or titanium can be in any suitable form such as, for example, a planar or non-planar active growth structure (which can have, in some cases, a first cross-sectional dimension of at least about 1 mm) comprising basalt and/or titanium (e.g., a fiber comprising basalt and/or titanium) and/or particles (e.g.

Abstract: Composite material comprising—one or more heat-activatable free-radical initiators selected from the group consisting of organic peroxides and/or initiators having labile carbon-carbon bonds and particles which have a core-shell structure and the core of which comprises one or more magnetic materials, while the shell comprises silicon dioxide.

Abstract: Nanowire preparation methods, compositions, and articles are disclosed. Such nanowires may be thicker than other nanowires and may be useful in devices requiring high electrical current densities.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a composition which enables the more effective development of the efficacy of a water-soluble drug in a solution containing the drug; and a dispersion in which a hydrophobic drug can be dispersed stably without requiring the use of any surfactant. Specifically disclosed are: a composition comprising ultra-fine bubbles having a mode particle size of 500 nm or less, a drug and water; and a process for producing a composition comprising ultra-fine bubbles having a mode particle size of 500 nm or less, a drug and water, which utilizes an ultra-fine bubble generation apparatus.