Abstract: The present invention herein provides a compound which promotes drug-permeation into nails. A penetrating promoter comprises, for instance, the following formulas. R1, R2 and R3 are alkyl groups having a carbon number of 1 to 15 and have OH groups at their ends.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I): wherein A and B together represent an optionally substituted, fused aromatic ring; X can be NRX or CRXRY; if X=NRX then n is 1 or 2 and if X=CRXRY then n is 1; RX is selected from the group consisting of H, optionally substituted C1-20 alkyl, C5-20 aryl, C3-20 heterocyclyl, amido, thioamido, ester, acyl, and sulfonyl groups; RY is selected from H, hydroxy, amino; or RX and RY may together form a spiro-C3-7 cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl group; RC1 and RC2 are both hydrogen, or when X is CRXRY, RC1, RC2, RX and RY, together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached, may form an optionally substituted fused aromatic ring; and R1 is selected from H and halo.

Abstract: Polyfluorene polymers and copolymers having substantial amounts (10-100%) of fluorenes coupled at the 2 and 5 positions of fluorene are useful as active layers in OLED devices where triplet energies >2.10 eV are required.

Abstract: A resist composition comprising as a quencher a nitrogen-containing organic compound bearing a nitrogen-containing heterocycle and having a molecular weight of at least 380 exhibits a high resolution and satisfactory mask coverage dependence and is useful in microfabrication using electron beam or deep-UV.

Abstract: This invention pertains to the discovery of a novel family of thiolesters and uses thereof. Also provided for are viricidal compounds and pharmaceutical formulations comprising these novel thiolesters. The invention also provides thiolester-inactivated viruses and thiolester-complexed viral proteins.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are substituted benzimidazole-based proton pump modulators of Formula I, processes of preparation thereof, pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and methods of use thereof.

Abstract: A difluoropyridine-based compound includes at least one difluoropyridine group in its molecule. The difluoropyridine-based compound may be used as an electron injection material, an electron transport material, or a hole blocking material in full-color fluorescent or phosphorescent devices. The difluoropyridine-based compound has good electrical characteristics and a high charge transport capability. The difluoropyridine-based compound may be used to produce an organic electroluminescent device with high efficiency, low voltage, improved brightness, and a long life expectancy.

Abstract: This invention provides for labeling reagents, labeled targets and processes for preparing labeling reagents. The labeling reagents can take the form of cyanine dyes, xanthene dyes, porphyrin dyes, coumarin dyes or composite dyes. These labeling reagents are useful for labeling probes or targets, including nucleic acids and proteins. These reagents can be usefully applied to protein and nucleic acid probe based assays. They are also applicable to real-time detection processes.

Abstract: Disclosed are amide compounds of formula (I): wherein Ar1, Q, Y and R3-R6 of formula (I) are defined herein. The compounds inhibit production of cytokines involved in inflammatory processes and are thus useful for treating diseases and pathological conditions involving inflammation such as chronic inflammatory disease. Also disclosed are processes for preparing these compounds and pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds.

Abstract: Agents useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyper-lipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel compounds, and therapeutic methods, compositions and medicament related thereto are disclosed herein.

Abstract: This present invention relates to prodrug compounds of the formula (Y) and pharmaceutical salts thereof: where RN, R1, R2, R3R4 and RC are defined herein, which are useful in treating Alzheimer's disease and other similar diseases.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, or prodrugs thereof: which inhibit RNA-containing virus, particularly the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Consequently, the compounds of the present invention interfere with the life cycle of the hepatitis C virus and are also useful as antiviral agents. The present invention further relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising the aforementioned compounds for administration to a subject suffering from HCV infection. The invention also relates to methods of treating an HCV infection in a subject by administering a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds of the present invention. The present invention relates to novel antiviral compounds represented herein above, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, and methods for the treatment or prophylaxis of viral (particularly HCV) infection in a subject in need of such therapy with said compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the formula: wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification. Since the compound of the present invention has superior hypoglycemic action and superior hypolipidemic action, it is useful as an agent for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance and the like.

Abstract: Compounds of structural formula I are modulators of the androgen receptor (AR) in a tissue selective manner. These compounds are useful in the enhancement of weakened muscle tone and the treatment of conditions caused by androgen deficiency or which can be ameliorated by androgen administration, including osteoporosis, osteopenia, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, periodontal disease, bone fracture, bone damage following bone reconstructive surgery, sarcopenia, frailty, aging skin, male hypogonadism, postmenopausal symptoms in women, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, aplastic anemia and other hematopoietic disorders, inflammatory arthritis and joint repair, HIV-wasting, prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), cancer cachexia, Alzheimer's disease, muscular dystrophies, cognitive decline, sexual dysfunction, sleep apnea, depression, premature ovarian failure, and autoimmune disease, alone or in combination with other active agents.

Abstract: Novel compounds of the formula I in which R1, R1?, L, E, G, M, Q, U, R2, m, p and q have the meanings indicated. Further, the compounds of formula I can be used as, for example, inhibitors of tyrosine kinases, for example TIE-2 , and can be employed, for example, for the treatment of tumours or other diseases.

Abstract: Nicotinamides and isonicotinamides, used in the preparation of anti-TB drugs i.e. isoniazid and as an intermediate of vitamin B12 are prepared from cyanopyridines and nicotinamides. Catalysts useful for the preparation of nicotinamide and isonicotinamide.

Abstract: In its many embodiments, the present invention provides a novel class of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine compounds as inhibitors of protein and/or checkpoint kinases, methods of preparing such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions including one or more such compounds, methods of preparing pharmaceutical formulations including one or more such compounds, and methods of treatment, prevention, inhibition, or amelioration of one or more diseases associated with the protein or checkpoint kinases using such compounds or pharmaceutical compositions. The invention also relates to the inhibition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. In particular, embodiments of the invention provide compounds and methods for inhibiting HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzymatic activity. The invention also provides compositions and methods for the prophylaxis and treatment of HCV infection.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel compounds of Formula I: and forms and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, and the use thereof as inhibitors of Factor Xa.

Abstract: Agents useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyper-lipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are disclosed.

Abstract: An ionic liquid is disclosed A precursor composition that comprises at least one ionic liquid and at least one energetic material is also disclosed, as is a method of synthesizing an ionic liquid and a method of desensitizing an explosive composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel sulfonylamino-acetic acid derivatives and their use as active ingredients in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions. The invention also concerns related aspects including processes for the preparation of such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of those compounds and especially their use as orexin receptor antagonists.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition comprising (i) at least one titanocene compound, (ii) a pyridine compound having a structure represented by formula (1) defined in the specification or a cyan compound having a structure represented by formula (3) defined in the specification, and (iii) a compound capable of undergoing a reaction with at least one of a radical and an acid to irreversibly change its physical or chemical property.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I); wherein the variables X1 to X10, R1 to R7 including R3?, E, W, v, y, z, A and B are as described, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, enantiomer, racemate, diastereomer or mixtures thereof, useful for the treatment, prevention or amelioration of obesity and Related Diseases is disclosed.

Abstract: Novel energy transfer dyes which can be used with shorter wavelength light sources are provided. These dyes include a donor dye with an absorption maxima at a wavelength between about 250 to 450 nm and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye. One of the energy transfer dyes has a donor dye which is a member of a class of dyes having a coumarin or pyrene ring structure and an acceptor dye which is capable of absorbing energy emitted from the donor dye, wherein the donor dye has an absorption maxima between about 250 and 450 nm and the acceptor dye has an emission maxima at a wavelength greater than about 500 nm.

Abstract: A method of processing a substrate, including a step of processing an organic film pattern formed on a substrate, the step including, in sequence, a removal step of removing one of an alterated layer and a deposited layer formed on the organic film pattern, and a fusion/deformation step of fusing the organic film pattern for deformation, wherein at least a part of the removal step is carried out by applying chemical to the organic film pattern.

Abstract: A combinatorial library of solid-state fluorescent dyes is prepared by reacting an aldehyde with a solid-supported pyridinium salt having a linker.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a group of novel tetrahydropyridin-4-yl indoles with a dual mode of action: serotonin reuptake inhibition and affinity for dopamine-D2 receptors, to methods for the preparation of these compounds and to novel intermediates useful for the synthesis of said tetrahydropyridin-4-yl indoles. The invention also relates to the use of a compound disclosed herein for the manufacture of a medicament giving a beneficial effect. The invention relates to novel tetrahydropyridin-4-yl indoles of the formula.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I) that bind to GABAA receptors. In the above formula, variables are defined herein. Such compounds may be used to modulate ligand binding to GABAA receptors in vivo or in vitro, and are particularly useful in the treatment of a variety of central nervous system (CNS) disorders in humans, domesticated companion animals, and livestock animals. Compounds provided herein may be administered alone or in combination with one or more other CNS agents to potentiate the effects of the other CNS agent(s). Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating such disorders are provided, as are methods for using such ligands for detecting GABAA receptors (e.g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dihydropyrrole compounds that are useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases, for treating disorders associated with KSP kinesin activity, and for inhibiting KSP kinesin. The invention also related to compositions which comprise these compounds, and methods of using them to treat cancer in mammals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): in which X represents N or CH; R1 represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a CF3 group; n is an integer from 1 to 5; A represents a partially saturated carbonaceous bi- or tricycle; it also relates to their salts, solvates, N-oxides, the pharmaceutical compositions containing them, a method for their preparation and synthesis intermediates in this method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dihydropyrazole compounds that are useful for treating cellular proliferative diseases, for treating disorders associated with KSP kinesin activity, and for inhibiting KSP kinesin. The invention also related to compositions which comprise these compounds, and methods of using them to treat cancer in mammals.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel sulfonylamino-acetic acid derivatives and their use as active ingredients in the preparation of pharmaceutical compositions. The invention also concerns related aspects including processes for the preparation of such compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing one or more of those compounds and especially their use as orexin receptor antagonists.

Abstract: Catalysts useful for epoxidizing olefins are disclosed. The catalysts comprise a vinylpyridine polymer and a titanium zeolite. Preferably, the vinylpyridine polymer encapsulates the titanium zeolite. The catalysts are easy to prepare and use, they are easy to recover and reuse, and they convert olefins to epoxides in good yields with high selectivity. Surprisingly, ring-opening reactions that form glycol or glycol ether by-products are minimized by using the vinylpyridine polymer-containing catalysts. The catalysts are valuable for making propylene oxide from propylene and hydrogen peroxide. Vinylpyridine polymer-encapsulated transition metals and their use to produce hydrogen peroxide from hydrogen and oxygen is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a new process for the preparation of novel substituted haloarene compounds of the formula I or IV: respectively, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, X, and Y are as defined herein, that comprises a novel and efficient selective mono-lithiation of a dihaloarene of the formula II or V: respectively, by an organo-lithium compound in the presence of a carbonyl reactant of the formula III: wherein R1 and R2 are as defined herein. In the process of the instant invention, the newly formed lithiated haloarene is sequentially quenched in situ by the carbonyl reactant to form said substituted haloarene. The process is suitable for batch or continuous flow systems.

Abstract: This invention discloses novel gamma secretase inhibitors of the formula: wherein: R1 is a substituted aryl or substituted heteroaryl group; R2 is an R1 group, alkyl, —XC(O)Y, alkylene-XC(O)Y, cycloalkylene-X—C(O)—Y, —CH—X—C(O)—NR3—Y or —CH—X—C(O)—Y, wherein X and Y are as defined herein; each R3 and each R3A are independently H, or alkyl; R11 is aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, arylalkyl, arylcycloalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylcycloalkyl, arylheterocycloalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl. Also disclosed is a method of treating Alzheimer's Disease using one or more compounds of the invention.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device having a pyrene based electron transport compound and an electron injecting and transport layer comprising the electron transport compound is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to CCR5 receptor antagonists of formulae (1a) or (1b): enantiomers, diastereomers, salts and solvates thereof wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R7 are as defined herein. The invention further includes a method of CCR5-mediated disorders employing such compounds.

Abstract: This invention discloses novel gamma secretase inhibitors of the formula: wherein: R1 is a substituted aryl or substituted heteroaryl group; R2 is an R1 group, alkyl, —X(CO)Y, or alkylene-X(CO)Y wherein X and Y are as defined herein; each R3 and each R3A are independently H, or alkyl; R11 is aryl, heteroaryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl, arylalkyl, arylcycloalkyl, heteroarylalkyl, heteroarylcycloalkyl, arylheterocycloalkyl, or alkoxyalkyl. Also disclosed is a method of treating Alzheimer's Disease using one or more compounds of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to the inhibition of hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication. In particular, embodiments of the invention provide compounds and methods for inhibiting HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzymatic activity. The invention also provides compositions and methods for the prophylaxis and treatment of HCV infection.

Abstract: The composition relates to amino-imine compounds used in the formation of 1,3-diimine copper complexes for deposition of copper films.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel substituted iminoazines of the general formula (I) in which R1, R2, R3, R4, Z1, Z2 and Z3 are each as defined in the disclosure, to a plurality of processes for their preparation, and to their use as herbicides.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel diaminothiazoles that are selective inhibitors of Cdk4. These compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters are anti-proliferative agents useful in the treatment or control of solid tumors, in particular breast, colon, lung and prostate tumors. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds as well as intermediates useful in the preparation of the compounds.

Abstract: A class of 2,4-; 2,3,4-; 2,4,6-; 2,3,4,5,6-substituted pyridines is provided which include novel compounds. The substitutions are achieved according to methods disclosed herein in which a metallated pyridine is reacted with an electrophile. Suitable electrophiles include CO2, SO2, dialkylcarbonates, ureas, formamides, amides, carboxylic acid esters, mono- and dihaloalkyls, halogens such as chlorine, fluorine, bromine, and iodine, metallic salts, sulfones, sulfonyls, aldehydes, ketones, anhydrides, nitrites, and electrophilic boron compounds including, but not limited to, boron trialkoxides and boron trihalides.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hair dyeing composition comprising at least one azo dye of the following general formula (1): A—N=N—B??(1) where A=monovalent, optionally substituted heterocyclic group binding via the carbon atom to the azo group, that does not contain carboxy (—CO2H) or sulfo groups (SO3H) or quaternary ammonium groups and B=heterocyclic, aromatic or alkyl group containing a dissociative proton and, which is free of carboxy (—CO2H) or sulfo groups (—SO3H) or quaternary ammonium groups. Additionally, the present invention describes a method of dyeing human or animal hair by using such a dye and the use of this direct azo dye for dyeing human or animal hair. The use of this direct azo dye can impart the hair with an extremely vivid colour and has a less colour fade over the time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of acetyl-amidiniophenylalanyl-cyclohexylglycyl-pyridinioalaninamides of the formula I, in which the anions X are physiologically acceptable anions, and their analogs, which are effective inhibitors of the blood coagulation factor Xa and which can be used, for example, for preventing thromboses. The process according to the invention comprises the coupling of 2-[2-acetylamino-3-(4-amidinophenyl)propionylamino]-2-cyclohexylacetic acid, which is obtained from 2-[2-acetylamino-3-(4-cyanophenyl)acryloylamino]-2-cyclohexylacetic acid by asymmetric hydrogenation and conversion of the cyano group into the amidine, or a salt thereof, with a 3-(2-amino-2-carbamoylethyl)-1-methylpyridinium salt or a salt thereof. The invention furthermore provides starting materials and intermediates for this process, processes for their preparation and acetyl-(S)-4-amidiniophenylalanyl-(S)-cyclohexylglycyl-(S)-(1-methyl-3-pyridinio)alaninamide as ditosylate salt.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds of formula II: wherein Alk, Z, X1, X2, R1, —R10 and R11 are defined herein, and their salts and pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof, as well as other compounds of the general formula Het-A-Alk-W-Ar-C(X2)?NO-X2 where Het, A, W and Ar are also defined herein. These compounds are useful in treating picornavirus infections in mammals. Novel intermediates of these compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use, are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a hair dyeing composition containing a dissociative azo dye of the following general formula (1) A-N?N—B??(1) wherein “A” represents a phenyl or naphthyl group which may be substitued; “B” represents an atomic group containing a dissociative proton, with the proviso “A” and “B” are free of sulfo, carboxyl and quaternary ammonium groups. Additionally, the present invention describes a method of dyeing human or animal hair by using such a dye and the use of this direct azo dye for dyeing human or animal hair. The use of this direct azo dye can impart the hair with an extremely vivid color and has less color fading over time.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compounds, which are novel antagonists for melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), as well as methods for preparing such compounds. In another embodiment, the invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising such MCH antagonists as well as methods of using them to treat obesity, metabolic disorders, eating disorders such as hyperphagia, and diabetes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed, in part, to fluorescent metal sensors for detecting metal ions, and methods of making and using the same.