Abstract: A novel plastic composition and method for making the same comprising a host polymer having substantially uniformly distributed therethrough a non-miscible liquid crystal polymer and red amorphous phosphorus. The liquid crystal polymer is present in a concentration sufficient to encapsulate said red amorphous phosphorus such that a substantial portion of the red amorphous phosphorus does not contact the host polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a red phosphorus flame retardant comprising a fine red phosphorus powder subjected to a surface modification treatment, said fine red phosphorus powder consisting of spherical red phosphorus particles and/or agglomerates thereof directly obtained by the thermal conversion of white phosphorus in the presence of a dispersant and has an average particle size of 10 .mu.m or smaller and of which at least 80% by weight is accounted for by particles having particle sizes of 20 .mu.m or smaller, said flame retardant having an average particle size of 15 .mu.m or smaller, with the particles having particle sizes of 35 .mu.m or smaller accounting for at least 80% by weight of the flame retardant; and a nonflammable resinous composition composed of a synthetic resin and the red phosphorus flame retardant.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising hydrogen silsesquioxane resin and a phosphor filler diluted in a solvent. These compositions are used to form luminescent coatings on substrates.

Abstract: An anionic electrodepositable coating composition for making pigment dispersed color filters comprising: (a) a pigment; (b) a first addition copolymer containing pyrrolidone and hydroxy groups; (c) a second addition copolymer containing carboxyl and hydroxy groups; and (d) a low molecular weight amine. The pyrrolidone-containing monomer can be N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone or a pyrrolidone-containing acrylate-based monomer represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen atom, or methyl or ethyl group, and n is an integer between 1.about.3. The first addition copolymer has a weight average molecular weight between 1,000 and 20,000 and is prepared from a monomer composition comprising about 0.5.about.90 mole percent of a pyrrolidone-containing unsaturated monomer and about 1.about.50 mole percent of a hydroxy-containing unsaturated monomer. The second addition copolymer has a weight average molecular weight between 5,000 and 60,000 and is prepared from a monomer composition comprising about 5.

Abstract: A high degree of stabilization of polyvinyl chloride is achieved by using a perchlorate, a terminal epoxide compound and an antioxidant.

Abstract: A semiconductive conjugated copolymer comprises at least two chemically different monomer units which, when existing in their individual homopolymer forms, have different semiconductor bandgaps. The proportion of said at least two chemically different monomer units in the copolymer is selected to control the semiconductor bandgap of the copolymer so as to control the optical properties of the copolymer. The copolymer is formed in a manner enabling it to be laid down as a film without substantially affecting the luminescent characteristics of the copolymer and is stable at operational temperature.The semiconductor bandgap may be spatially modulated so as to increase the quantum efficiency of the copolymer when excited to luminesce, to select the wavelength of radiation emitted during luminescence or to select the refractive index of the copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to precursor coating compositions which are particularly suitable for being admixed with at least one supercritical fluid used as a viscosity reduction diluent and then spraying this resultant liquid mixture of supercritical fluid and precursor coating composition onto a substrate to be coated.

Abstract: A plastic film material comprising a layer is disclosed, the layer containing in admixture a binder and particles comprising a compound in an amount of 70% or more by weight of the particles, the particles having a volume specific resistance of not more than 10.sup.9 .OMEGA.cm and the compound comprising an element selected from the group consisting of H, B, C, N, O, F, P, S and Cl.

Abstract: Thermoplastic elastomeric ablative insulation having low density are disclosed. The ablative insulation is based upon a thermoplastic elastomeric polymer resin containing a polyamide polymer and a maleic anhydride modified EPDM polymer. The ratio of polyamide polymer to maleic anhydride modified EPDM is in the range from about 20:80 to about 40:60. Carefully selected fillers provide suitable charring and ablative insulation performance without unduly increasing the insulation density. Typical fillers include an phosphorus containing compound, such as ammonium polyphosphate, a polyhydric alcohol present, such as pentaerythritol, silicone resin, chopped fibers, an antioxidant, a butadiene polymer, and a peroxide.

Abstract: Flameproofed thermoplastic molding materials containA) from 10 to 98.45% by weight of a thermoplastic polyamide,B) from 1 to 30% by weight of phosphorus,C) from 0.5 to 30% by weight of an elastomeric polymer,D) from 0.05 to 15% by weight of a polyethylene having a density of from 0.94 to 0.98 g/cm.sup.3 or of a polypropylene having an average molecular weight M.sub.w of from 100,000 to 2,000,000 or a mixture thereof andE) from 0 to 60% by weight of a fibrous or particulate filler.

Abstract: The present invention provides an article, comprising: a fabric sheet; a curable resin coated onto the fabric sheet; and a plurality of microfiber fillers dispersed into the resin. The incorporation of microfiber fillers into the casting materials of the present invention adds substantially to the strength of the cured casting material, particularly when the fabric used therein is a non-fiberglass fabric, while not detracting from the handling properties of the uncured casting tape or bandage.The microfiber fillers useful in this invention are generally characterized as being short fibers having an aspect ratio greater than five to one. Blends of microfibers having different aspect ratios may be utilized in the casting tapes of the present invention. Preferred microfiber fillers or blends have an aspect ratio between 5:1 and 200:1, more preferably, the aspect ratio of the microfiber is between 5:1 and 50:1, and most preferably, the aspect ratio of the microfiber is between 10:1 and 30:1.

Abstract: Polyamide-based compositions, well suited for molding into a variety of shaped articles useful, e.g., in the electrical and electronics industries, contain an effective flame-retardant amount of red phosphorus and a corrosion/migration-reducing amount of at least one zinc compound selected from among zinc oxide, zinc sulfide and an oxygen-containing zinc salt, e.g., zinc borate.

Abstract: A nonhalogen flame-retardant polycarbonate composition comprising from 50 to 95% by weight of a polycarbonate resin, from 50 to 5% by weight of an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin and from 3 to 10 parts by weight, per one hundred parts by weight of the total weight of polycarbonate resin and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin, of red phosphorus.

Abstract: Flameproofed thermoplastic molding materials containA) 30-98% by weight of a thermoplastic polyamide,B) 1-30% by weight of red phosphorus,C) 1-15% by weight of a mono- or diphenolic compound or of a mixture thereof,D) 0-60% by weight of a fibrous or particulate filler or of a mixture thereof andE) 0-30% by weight of an elastomeric polymer.

Abstract: A flame-retardant additive is provided comprising a source of phosphorus and a polymer or oligomer which is a phosphorus/nitrogen-containing oligomer or polymer. These additives are found to be particularly suitable for use in polymer materials when used in combination with a second and different source of phosphorus, resulting in an additive having reduced smoke generation, reduced evolution of corrosive gases and improved flame-retarding properties.

Abstract: A flameproofed black thermoplastic molding material containingA) from 5 to 98.9% by weight of a thermoplastic polyamide,B) from 1 to 20% by weight of red phosphorusC) from 0.1 to 5% by weight of a colorant complementary with red phosphorus to produce blackened polyamide,D) from 0 to 30% by weight of an elastomeric polymer,E) from 0 to 50% by weight of a fibrous or particulate filler or of a mixture thereof,F) from 0 to 70% by weight of a polyphenylene ether andG) from 0 to 30% by weight of conventional additives and processing assistants,the percentages by weight of components A to G being 100% in each case.

Abstract: A semiconductive conjugated copolymer comprises at least two chemically different monomer units which, when existing in their individual homopolymer forms, have different semiconductor bandgaps. The proportion of said at least two chemically different monomer units in the copolymer is selected to control the semiconductor bandgap of the copolymer so as to control the optical properties of the copolymer. The copolymer is formed in a manner enabling it to be laid down as a film without substantially affecting the luminescent characteristics of the copolymer and is stable at operational temperature.The semiconductor bandgap may be spatially modulated so as to increase the quantum efficiency of the copolymer when excited to luminesce, to select the wavelength of radiation omitted during luminescence or to select the refractive index of the copolymer.

Abstract: Poly(hydroxystyrene) resins in which a portion of the hydroxyl groups are functionalized with t-butyloxycarbonyl groups ("t-Boc") tend to decompose during drying of the wet solid and on storage in the solid state. Solutions that are more stable than the solid material can be made from the wet freshly synthesized solid by dissolving the wet solid in a solvent that forms an azeotrope with water and then distilling the azeotrope of water and solvent from the solution until the solution contains less than about 1% by weight of water.

Abstract: A thermosettable resin composition having a viscosity that decreases during processing temperatures and increases as the temperature is raised to curing temperatures is provided. The composition comprises thermosettable resins and thermoplastic particles that are insoluble in the thermosettable resins at processing temperatures but soluble in the thermosettable resins at curing temperatures. Prepregs prepared from the thermosettable resin composition are also provided.

Abstract: A flame-retardant rubber composition has an oxygen index of 19.8-27.5 and comprises not more than 24% by weight of red phosphorus as a flame retardant based on the rubber composition and a nitrile group-containing elastomer as a flame-retardant polymer component as a part of rubber ingredients constituting the rubber composition. Such flame-retardant rubber compositions are very useful in applications such as industrial goods, tire and the like strongly requiring the fire preventing function.

Abstract: A glare reducing coating for reflective-transmissive surfaces such as the glass screen of a television or CRT including a resin binder, plasticizer, solvent, and flatting agent. The resin binder is nitrocellulose or an acrylic resin or a mixture of nitrocellulose and acrylic resin, and the particular plasticizer used depends upon the choice of resin binder. Preferred plasticizers are polyesters, phthlates, and alkyds, the amount of plasticizer utilized being determined by the degree of flexibility desired for the dried coating. Silica is the preferred flatting agent, and any of a large number of common organic solvents are utilized.

Abstract: A colloidal sulfur particle opacifying extender scatters light across the visible spectrum to result in an overall colorless appearance. A process for opacifying and extending a matrix which can be a water-borne emulsion or a coating, using the colloidal sulfur particles, and opacified and extended water-borne emulsions and coatings including the colloidal sulfur particles are also provided.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline polyester resin composition containing (A) a polyphenylene ether which is modified with at least one amine selected from the group consisting of primary amines and secondary amines; (B) a liquid crystalline polyester; and optionally (C) at least one oil selected from the group consisting of white oil and phenyl ether type oils, which composition has improved moldability and provides a molded article having improved weld strength while maintaining good heat resistance and mechanical properties of the liquid crystalline polyester.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided an asphalt composition which incorporates asphalt in admixture with synthetic or natural rubber and elemental selenium or an organo-selenium. There is also provided a process for preparing the above asphalt composition. Preferably, the rubber is obtained from waste tires or tubes.

Abstract: Evolution of phosphine from red phosphorus is reduced by means of acyclic, aliphatic compounds having at least one carbon-to-carbon double bond, in the alpha-position relative to an electron-withdrawing group. A preferred example of such a compound is trans-cinnamaldehyde.

Abstract: Flameproofed thermoplastic molding materials comprisesA) from 5 to 93.5% by weight of a thermoplastic polyamide,B) from 5 to 85% by weight of a polyphenylene ether, of which up to 40% by weight, based on B), may be replaced by an aromatic vinyl polymer,C) from 0.5 to 20% by weight of red or black phosphorus,D) from 1 to 20% by weight of a block copolymer which has a Shore A hardness>80 and has been formed from a conjugated diene and an aromatic vinyl compound,E) from 0 to 15% by weight of an impact modifying polymer other than D),F) from 0 to 45% by weight of a fibrous or particulate filler or a mixture of a fibrous with a particulate filler,G) from 0 to 20% by weight of customary additives in effective amounts,the percentages A) to G) adding up to 100%.

Abstract: What is described herein is a PVP-I.sub.2 composition comprising strongly swellable, lightly crosslinked PVP complex to iodine, wherein said composition is capable of releasing free iodine slowly with time in the presence of water. Preferably the complex has about 10-15% by weight available iodine and about 4-8 weight % iodide, and is a free-flowing, fine, lightly yellow powder.

Abstract: A combination of free radical retarding agent and an active iodine species selected from the group consisting of molecular iodine, iodide ion, and mixtures thereof provides synergistic stabilization of thiol-ene compositions which cure by addition of thiol groups to olefinic carbon-carbon double bonds. The combination is particularly suitable for thiol-ene formulations employing norbornenyl functional polyenes. A preferred stabilization system employs an N-nitrosoarylhydroxylamine salt and a mixture of an alkali iodide and I.sub.2 in the range of 0.6-1 mole I.sub.2 per equivalent I.sup..crclbar..

Abstract: The action of thermoplastic polymers to whose polymer backbone aliphatic or cycloaliphatic groups are bonded via a group --O--, --O--CO--, --CO--OR.sup.22 --OCO-- or --CO--O--, said aliphatic or cycloaliphatic groups being substituted by Cl, Br and/or iodine in the .alpha.-, .beta.-, .gamma.- or .omega.-position, on an unsubstituted or substituted tetrathio-, tetraseleno- or tetratelluronaphthalene or -tetracene contained in this polymer gives electrically conducting compositions by the formation of charge transfer complexes. These compositions are suitable for the production of antistatic or electrically conducting mouldings, sheets, filaments, fibres, coatings and composites.

Abstract: Structures containing conducting polymers and methods of fabrication thereof. Electrical conductivity can be induced in polymers selected from the group of substituted and unsubstituted polyanilines, polyparaphenylenvinyles, substituted and unsubstituted polythiophenes substituted and unsubstituted poly-p-phenylene sulfides, substituted polyfuranes, substituted polypyrroles, substituted polyselenophene, polyacetylines formed from soluble precursors, combinations thereof and blends thereof with other polymers. The polymer contains a doping precursor, selected from the group of onium salts, iodonium salts, triflate salts, borate salts and tosylate salts and sulfonoxylimides. Conductivity can be selectively induced in the polymer by selectivly doping upon selective exposure to a source of energy such as electromagnetic radiation, an electron beam and heat.

Abstract: Structures containing conducting polymers and methods of fabrication thereof. Electrical conductivity can be induced in polymers selected from the group of substituted and unsubstituted polyanilines, polyparaphenylenvinyles, substituted and unsubstituted polythiophenes substituted and unsubstituted poly-p-phenylene sulfides, substituted polyfuranes, substituted polypyrroles, substituted polyselenophene, polyacetylines formed from soluble precursors, combinations thereof and blends thereof with other polymers. The polymer contains a doping precursor, selected from the group of onium salts, iodonium salts, triflate salts, borate salts and tosylate salts and sulfonoxylimides. Conductivity can be selectively induced in the polymer by selectively doping upon selective exposure to a source of energy such as electromagnetic radiation, an electron beam and heat.

Abstract: There is disclosed a composite of 1) a polymer containing repeating units derived from a vinyl carboxylic ester having at least one organo terminated poly(alkylene oxide) side chain with the proviso that the poly(alkylene oxide) is present in an amount greater than 35 mole percent of the total of all backbone monomer units and alkylene oxide units in the polymer and 2) a metal oxide wherein the metal oxide comprises between about 1 and about 60 percent by weight of the composite. The composites can be made by a process comprising the steps of:combining the described polymer and a metal oxide precursor in a solvent solution;casting or coating the resulting solution onto a substrate;curing the resulting sample to form a composite of the polymer and the metal oxide.Optionally, the composite can be removed from the substrate to form a transparent free standing film. These composites have a variety of desirable properties.

Abstract: A method of preparing pure 3-butenyl triorgano oxysilanes, the intermediate products 3,4-dichlorobutyl triorgano oxysilanes and the use of the final products in rubber mixtures reinforced with silicic acid and vulcanizable with peroxides. 3,4-dichlorobutene-1 and trichlorosilane are used as initial products.

Abstract: Flameproofed thermoplastic molding compositions contain(A) 10-99% by weight of a thermoplastic polyamide or polyester or polyphenylene ether or a mixture thereof,(B) 1-50% by weight of red phosphorus having a particle size of up to 2 mm which contains, per 100 parts by weight, from 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of a polyurethane or polyester-polyurethane as phlegmatizer,(C) 0-60% by weight of a fibrous or particulate filler or a mixture thereof and(D) 0-20% by weight of an elastomeric polymer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conductive material and a process for producing said conductive material. More particularly, the present invention relates to a conductive material comprising (a) a substrate obtained from a polycarbodiimide resin and (b) a dopant, which is superior in oxidation resistance, mechanical strengths and flexibility, and useful as a material for electronic field, as well as to a process for producing said conductive material.

Abstract: A polymer produced by removing an electrolytic ion from a polymer doped with the electrolytic ion possesses a nonlinear conductivity. An element made of this polymer, on exposure to a sine wave electric field, generates a higher harmonic wave.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tetraketone of the structure ##STR1##wherein M is a metal atom and R is selected from phenyl, alkyl substituted phenyl or halogen substituted phenyl. The process to prepare this tetraketone is disclosed. The present invention also relates to a process to produce the tetraketone structure(I). The present invention also relates to the novel polymer of the structure: ##STR2##and to the process to produce this novel polymer. R is as defined hereinabove, and Ar is a tetraamine substituted organic moiety having at least one aromatic ring. These polymers are useful as liquid crystals and in non-linear optical devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a poly(long-chain nuclear substituted-p-phenylene vinylene) represented by the following formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrocarbon group of 7-20 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group of 7-20 carbon atoms, n represents an integer of 5 or more and m represents an integer of 1 or 2) and a highly conductive composition comprising said polymer and a dopant as essential components.

Abstract: A method and composition which provides both thermal control and electrostatic discharge protection to bodies in the space environment. The composition comprises: a) a chosen polymer or resin that forms a polymer that is an electronic insulator and is suitable for space applications; and b) a selected lithium salt as a dopant wherein said composition, when formed into a film or coating, provides a semiconductive film or coating having a volume resistivity of about 10.sup.6 to 10.sup.11 ohm-centimeter and a value of solar absorptance/total normal emittance within the range of about 0.305 to 0.595. In an alternative embodiment, the composition may optionally include tantalum pentoxide.

Abstract: A poly(hetero-arylene vinylene) containing, as its major constituent unit, a repeating unit represented by the general formula ##STR1## (wherein X is a sulfur or oxygen atom), which is obtained by subjecting a sulfonium salt represented by the general formula ##STR2## (wherein X has the same definition as given above, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a hydrocarbon group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and A.sup.- is a counter ion) to condensation polymerization using an alkali to obtain a precursor polymer, and subjecting the precursor polymer to stretching and orientation and then to a treatment for sulfonium salt elimination or subjecting the precursor polymer in one step to stretching and orientation and to a treatment for sulfonium salt elimination, as well as a highly conductive composition thereof.

Abstract: Flameproofed thermoplastic molding compositions contain(A) 10-99% by weight of a thermoplastic polyamide or polyester or polyphenylene ether or a mixture thereof,(B) 1-50% by weight of red phosphorus having a particle size of up to 2 mm which contains, per 100 parts by weight, from 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of a polyurethane or polyester-polyurethane as phlegmatizer,(C) 0-60% by weight of a fibrous or particulate filler or a mixture thereof and(D) 0-20% by weight of an elastomeric polymer.

Abstract: Red phosphorus flame retardants for synthetic resin are produced by a method comprising the steps of heating yellow phosphorus at temperatures of 250.degree. to 600.degree. C. to effect a partial conversion of yellow phosphorus to red phosphorus; removing unconverted yellow phosphorus; and coating particles of the resulting red phosphorus with at least one of thermosetting resin and metal hydroxide. The thus obtained red phosphorus flame retardants are very stable because of significantly improved heat resistance, water resistance and weatherability and thus can provide nonflammable resinous compositions which can be used for long period of time. The nonflammable composition consists essentially of 100 parts by weight of polyolefine resin, 20 to 200 parts by weight of hydrated inorganic filler and 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of the coated red phosphorus flame retardant.

Abstract: Resin compositions of polyethylene terephthalate, aliphatic polyester and, optionally, filler are provided which have rapid crystallization, broad crystallizing temperature range, and high heat distortion temperatures when molded.

Abstract: A curable composition containing an epoxide component and zinc oxide and use thereof.

Abstract: A flame retardant comprising of spherical red phosphorus free of pulverized face which is directly produced in the form of fine powder by conversion of yellow phosphorus, without pulverizing process. The red phosphorus characterized by its surface state and shape entirely different from any prior pulverized red phosphorus has not only a high flame retarding ability, but also a superior combination of chemical and physical properties, particularly with regard to corrosion resistance, moisture resistance, mechanical strength and dielectric properties which make it highly valuable and useful as a flame retardant for various nonflammable resinous compositions used in electric articles including electronic parts, machines, automobiles and buildings. The flame retardant is desirably coated with thermosetting rein and/or hydroxide of aluminum and/or zinc, thereby greatly improved in its stability.

Abstract: The combination of known thermally conductive fillers having an average particle size of from about 10 to about 100 microns with aluminum nitride having an average particle size of less than one micron improves the thermal conductivity of organosiloxane compositions. The thermal conductivity values achieved using this combination of fillers is higher than can be achieved using the maximum loading of either filler alone that can be present without adversely affecting the ability of the organosiloxane composition to cure or to serve as useful coatings and encapsulates for electronic solid state devices and other substrates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to thermoplastic compositions formed from discarded rubber products. Thermoplastic compositions in accordance with the present invention comprises rubber particulate having a size less than about 10 mesh, a thermoplastic material, and at least one coupling agent with the rubber particulate and the thermoplastic material being present in a weight ratio in the range of from about 1:9 to about 9:1 and the at least one coupling agent being present in an amount less than about 3% by weight of the material to be coupled to. A process for forming the thermoplastic compositions is also described.

Abstract: As a result of the action of electron acceptors, for example chlorine, bromine and/or iodine, on compositions containing a linear, branched or structurally crosslinked polymer and an unsubstituted or substituted tetrathionaphthalene, tetraselenonaphthalene, tetratelluronaphthalene, tetrathiotetracene, tetraselenotetracene or tetratellurotetracene, electrical conductivity is imparted to the compositions through the formation of charge-transfer complexes. These compositions are suitable for the production of mouldings, filaments, fibres, coatings and composite materials which have an antistatic finish or are electrically conducting.

Abstract: A polyacetylene film having a high electroconductivity is prepared by (a) heating a Ziegler-Natta catalyst at a temperature not lower than 150.degree. C. in an organic solvent and then, cooling the catalyst-solvent mixture, (b) removing coarse catalyst particles having a diameter of larger than 1 .mu.m from the catalyst-solvent mixture by filtration to form a catalyst dispersion for polymerization, (c) introducing acetylene into the catalyst dispersion to effect polymerization of acetylene, and (d) drawing the formed polymer and treating the drawn polymer with a dopant.

Abstract: Fire-resistant polyamide compositions contain red phosphorus, a lanthanide-based compound, optionally glass fibers, and a hydrotalcite stabilizer having the general formula: Mg.sub.(1-a) Al.sub.a (OH).sub.2 A.sub.a/2.pH.sub.2 O in which A=SO.sub.4.sup.2- or CO.sub.3.sup.2-, O<a.ltoreq.0.5 and O<p<1; shaped articles produced therefrom exhibit an excellent compromise of properties in respect of fire resistance, resilience, arc tracking resistance and aging behavior in a hot and humid atmosphere.